CONSCIÊNCIA DA FINITUDE E VALORES HUMANOS: UM ESTUDO COM IDOSOS EM INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar o impacto da consciência da finitude na estrutura valorativa nos idosos. Participaram do estudo 50 idosos residentes de duas Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (72%), com idade média de 76 anos e majoritariamente católicos (80%). Como instrumento de coleta foi utilizado o Questionário de Valores Básicos (QVB), Questionário de Sentido da Vida (QSV), Escala de Atitudes Religiosas (EAR-20), Escala de Percepção Ontológica do Tempo e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial de Viktor Frankl, relacionando a consciência da finitude da vida com a estrutura valorativa, a percepção ontológica do tempo, a atitude religiosa e a percepção da temporalidade na busca e presença de sentid

LITERATURA DE CORDEL: UN RECURSO INNOVADOR EN CLASES DE EDUCACIÓN RELIGIOSA

La literatura de Cordel es un recurso innovador capaz de proporcionar a los profesores, especialmente de Educación Religiosa (ER), un excelente resultado educativo para excitar e instigar a los estudiantes en clases sincrónicas y asincrónicas. Este género literario como experimento pedagógico es todavía poco utilizado en las escuelas. Por lo tanto, este artículo es un estudio exploratorio que utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada para recoger datos en una muestra que incluía 08 educadores de la ER. A través del Análisis de Contenido de Bardin (2020), se encontró que todos los profesores estaban familiarizados con la literatura de Cordel, seis de los cuales afirmaron su uso como recurso pedagógico. Sobre su inserción en la ER, cinco participantes declararon que el empleo de este género en el aula era formidable debido a su pluralidad y diversidad de temas. La conclusión es que la literatura de Cordel, por su accesibilidad, proporciona al estudiante una enseñanza innovadora, lúdica y contextualizada.A literatura de cordel é recurso inovador capaz de propiciar aos docentes, sobretudo, de Ensino Religioso (ER), um ótimo resultado educacional para empolgar e instigar os estudantes nas aulas síncronas e assíncronas. Esse gênero literário como experimento pedagógico, ainda é pouco utilizado nas escolas. Portanto, o presente artigo trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória que utilizou da entrevista semiestruturada na coleta de dados numa amostra que contou com 08 educadores de ER. Através da Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin (2020), foi constatado que todos os professores conheciam a Literatura de Cordel, dos quais seis afirmaram sua utilização como recurso pedagógico. Sobre sua inserção no ER, cinco participantes declararam que o emprego deste gênero na sala de aula era formidável devido sua pluralidade e diversidade de temas. Concluindo-se assim que a Literatura de Cordel, por sua acessibilidade oportuniza ao estudante um ensino inovador, lúdico e contextualizado.Cordel literature is an innovative resource capable of providing teachers, above all, of Religious Education (ER), a great educational result to excite and instigate students in synchronous and asynchronous classes. This literary genre as a pedagogical experiment, is still rarely in schools. Therefore, this article is an exploratory research that used the semi-structured interview to collect data in a sample that included 08 RE educators. Through Bardin's Content Analysis (2020), it was found that all teachers knew Cordel Literature, of which six affirmed its use as a pedagogical resource. Regarding their insertion in the ER, five participants declared that the use of this genre in the classroom was formidable due to its plurality and diversity of themes. Thus, concluding that Cordel Literature, due to its accessibility, provides the student with an innovative, playful and contextualized teaching

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

Effect of lung recruitment and titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs low PEEP on mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome - A randomized clinical trial

IMPORTANCE: The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. INTERVENTIONS: An experimental strategy with a lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance (n = 501; experimental group) or a control strategy of low PEEP (n = 509). All patients received volume-assist control mode until weaning. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality until 28 days. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay; ventilator-free days through day 28; pneumothorax requiring drainage within 7 days; barotrauma within 7 days; and ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality. RESULTS: A total of 1010 patients (37.5% female; mean [SD] age, 50.9 [17.4] years) were enrolled and followed up. At 28 days, 277 of 501 patients (55.3%) in the experimental group and 251 of 509 patients (49.3%) in the control group had died (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.42; P = .041). Compared with the control group, the experimental group strategy increased 6-month mortality (65.3% vs 59.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.38; P = .04), decreased the number of mean ventilator-free days (5.3 vs 6.4; difference, −1.1; 95% CI, −2.1 to −0.1; P = .03), increased the risk of pneumothorax requiring drainage (3.2% vs 1.2%; difference, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.0%; P = .03), and the risk of barotrauma (5.6% vs 1.6%; difference, 4.0%; 95% CI, 1.5% to 6.5%; P = .001). There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, ICU mortality, and in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with moderate to severe ARDS, a strategy with lung recruitment and titrated PEEP compared with low PEEP increased 28-day all-cause mortality. These findings do not support the routine use of lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01374022

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications