Return And Correlations Of Malaysian Sector Stock Indices Under Different Market Conditions

Kajian ini ingin mengetahui potensi manfaat kepelbagaian melabur antara sektor dan indeks dalam Pasaran Malaysia. This study look at potential diversification benefits of investing between sectors and the index within Malaysian Market. In additional, this study examines returns and correlations of seven Malaysian sector indices along with Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (KLCI) under different market conditions from January 2008 to December 2014

Energy metabolism regulates clathrin adaptors at the trans -Golgi network and endosomes

Localization of endosomal clathrin adaptors is regulated by glucose availability via an unknown mechanism. Studies in intact and permeabilized cells show that clathrin adaptor localization is precisely tuned by cellular ATP concentration. These data provide evidence for how membrane traffic is coordinated with overall proliferation rates.Glucose is a master regulator of cell behavior in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It acts as both a metabolic substrate and a potent regulator of intracellular signaling cascades. Glucose starvation induces the transient delocalization and then partial relocalization of clathrin adaptors at the trans-Golgi network and endosomes. Although these localization responses are known to depend on the protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway, the molecular mechanism of this regulation is unknown. Here we demonstrate that PKA and the AMP-regulated kinase regulate adaptor localization through changes in energy metabolism. We show that genetic and chemical manipulation of intracellular ATP levels cause corresponding changes in adaptor localization. In permeabilized cells, exogenous ATP is sufficient to induce adaptor localization. Furthermore, we reveal distinct energy-dependent steps in adaptor localization: a step that requires the ADP-ribosylation factor ARF, an ATP-dependent step that requires the phosphatidyl-inositol-4 kinase Pik1, and third ATP-dependent step for which we provide evidence but for which the mechanism is unknown. We propose that these energy-dependent mechanisms precisely synchronize membrane traffic with overall proliferation rates and contribute a crucial aspect of energy conservation during acute glucose starvation

Suaeda maritima-based herbal coils and green nanoparticles as potential biopesticides against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura

The overuse of synthetic pesticides to control insect pests leads to physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects, in addition to high operational cost. Insecticides of botanical origin have been reported as useful for control of agricultural and public health insect pests. This research proposed a novel method of mangrove-mediated synthesis of insecticidal silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using Suaeda maritima, acting as a reducing and stabilizing agent. AgNP were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. S. maritima aqueous extract and mangrove-synthesized AgNP showed larvicidal and pupicidal toxicity against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura. In particular, LC50 of AgNP ranged from 8.668 (larva I) to 17.975 ppm (pupa) for A. aegypti, and from 20.937 (larva I) to 46.896 ppm (pupa) for S. litura. In the field, the application of S. maritima extract and AgNP (10 × LC50) led to 100% mosquito larval reduction after 72 h. Smoke toxicity experiments conducted on A. aegypti adults showed that S. maritima leaf-, stem- and root-based coils evoked mortality rates comparable or higher if compared to permethrin-based positive control (62%, 52%, 42%, and 50.2 respectively). In ovicidal experiments, egg hatchability was reduced by 100% after treatment with 20 ppm of AgNP and 250 ppm of S. maritima extract. Furthermore, low doses of the AgNP inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. Overall, our results highlighted the potential of S. maritima-based herbal coils and green nanoparticles as biopesticides in the fight against the dengue vector A. aegypti and the tobacco cutworm S. litura

Adaptor Autoregulation Promotes Coordinated Binding within Clathrin Coats

Membrane traffic is an essential process that allows protein and lipid exchange between the endocytic, lysosomal, and secretory compartments. Clathrin-mediated traffic between the trans-Golgi network and endosomes mediates responses to the environment through the sorting of biosynthetic and endocytic protein cargo. Traffic through this pathway is initiated by the controlled assembly of a clathrin-adaptor protein coat on the cytosolic surface of the originating organelle. In this process, clathrin is recruited by different adaptor proteins that act as a bridge between clathrin and the transmembrane cargo proteins to be transported. Interactions between adaptors and clathrin and between different types of adaptors lead to the formation of a densely packed protein network within the coat. A key unresolved issue is how the highly complex adaptor-clathrin interaction and adaptor-adaptor interaction landscape lead to the correct spatiotemporal assembly of the clathrin coat. Here we report the discovery of a new autoregulatory motif within the clathrin adaptor Gga2 that drives synergistic binding of Gga2 to clathrin and the adaptor Ent5. This autoregulation influences the temporal and/or spatial location of the Gga2-Ent5 interaction. We propose that this synergistic binding provides built-in regulation to ensure the correct assembly of clathrin coats

Implementation of Istiqraiyah Method through mind map in Shorof Learning

This study aimed to describe the steps of applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning and to find out students' interest in applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning in Maulana Malik Ibrahim Islamic State University of Malang. This study used mix methods; descriptive qualitative, it describes the steps of applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning and quantitative, it is to answer students' influence and interest in applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and questionnaires. Quantitative data analysis used the Likert theory to calculate the value of student interest taken from the questionnaire. The results of the study showed that the first step in applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning is to provide several examples of sentences from al-fi’lul lazim and al-fi’lul muta’adias insights and descriptions, then compiled in a mind map in the form of a definition format, definitions, signs, meanings, wazan, patterns, and ways of changing the usual al-fi’lul lazim to al-fi’lul muta’adi which also begins with various examples. Istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning increases the average pre-test and post-test scores of 30.83, which results in a value of 0.73 based on the Gain test, so it is in the high category. As for students' interest in applying istiqraiyah method through mind maps in Shorof learning, it has a presentation index of 73.2% and included in the strong category

A New Method To Determine In Vivo Interactomes Reveals Binding of the Legionella pneumophila Effector PieE to Multiple Rab GTPases

This project was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust and the Medical Research Council UK (G.F.). J.S.C. and L.Y. are supported by the Wellcome Trust (079643/Z/06/Z)