Pen Replacing Looms and Needles: Emergence of Female Authors and Authority in Renaissance Europe

In Renaissance Europe gender discriminations were put aside when women of upper classes were prodigiously included in the “Reformist Movement,” allowing the spread of female literacy and writing throughout Europe. However, these measures still encountered frequent contemporary criticism and prevalent masculine oppression. This paper traces the possible reasons behind the encouragement provided to women during a time when education was limited to men. It will attempt to examine how these women profited from the educational endeavors they were provided with, the way they advocated the need to educate themselves, and how they responded to the criticism received from the society

Hypergeometric functions for Dirichlet characters and Peisert-like graphs

For a prime $p\equiv 3\pmod 4$ and a positive integer $t$, let $q=p^{2t}$. The Peisert graph of order $q$ is the graph with vertex set $\mathbb{F}_q$ such that $ab$ is an edge if $a-b\in\langle g^4\rangle\cup g\langle g^4\rangle$, where $g$ is a primitive element of $\mathbb{F}_q$. In this paper, we construct a similar graph with vertex set as the commutative ring $\mathbb{Z}_n$ for suitable $n$, which we call \textit{Peisert-like} graph and denote by $G(n)$. Owing to the need for cyclicity of the group of units of $\mathbb{Z}_n$, we consider $n=p^\alpha$ or $2p^\alpha$, where $p\equiv 1\pmod 4$ is a prime and $\alpha$ is a positive integer. For primes $p\equiv 1\pmod 8$, we compute the number of triangles in the graph $G(p^{\alpha})$ by evaluating certain character sums. Next, we study cliques of order 4 in $G(p^{\alpha})$. To find the number of $4$-order cliques in $G(p^{\alpha})$, we first introduce hypergeometric functions containing Dirichlet characters as arguments, and then express the number of $4$-order cliques in $G(p^{\alpha})$ in terms of these hypergeometric functions.Comment: 23 page

A Critical Review of the Economy of the Chalcolithic People of Inamgaon

The large-scale excavation of Inamgaon was a landmark in the history of Indian archaeology, it was not only the most extensive and systematic excavation, but several scientific methods were employed for the recovery and analysis of archaeological data. The multidisciplinary approach enabled the reconstruction of various aspects of the economic and the socio-political organization of the early farming community of the Deccan. While considering economy, as one of the main aspects of social life, the present emphasis on the reanalysis of the economic aspects of Chalcolithic Inamgaon has been explored with a consideration of the three basic activities of the economic system (production, distribution and consumption) and all its variables (subsistence, technology and environment)

Dissident Voices of South Asia: New Representations of Marginalization in Twenty-First Century Literature and Cinema

In our globalized and transcultural world, the politics of dissent have moved from bearing connotations of negation to becoming the war cry of individuals fighting for their rights. Increased cultural interactions have led to the formation of a plethora of identities within communities, some of which may deviate from the norms and ambition of a nation and culture. Creative expressions of this deviation may lead to the presence of dissident voices in a culture. This dissertation is an exploration of these dissident voices within South Asia in the twenty-first century, and conversely, of the ways in which aesthetic productions are breaking down an older representative order that formed the consensus. This dissertation locates and argues the presence of dissenting voices in three new modes of literary and cinematic representations: a. depictions of lower castes (especially Dalits) have moved away from being repentant and caricatural to being individuals affected by the unevenness of the benefits of globalizations; b. depictions of queer communities, which previously focused largely on bodily expressions of sexualities have evolved to show how queer bodies can interact with spaces to create multiple meanings of private and public; c. the reclaiming of the figure of the djinn, an important entity in South Asian folklores from its rampant representations of the uncritical, gift-giving genie. This shift acts as a reification of resistance in the larger context of consumerism in South Asia and marks the advent of a new mode of cultural dissidence which aims to shatter existing taboos whilst creating a more progressive consumer culture

PERANCANGAN FURNITUR DAN AKSESORIS PADA RUANG TUNGGU SEKOLAH MUSIK JAZZ DI JAKARTA

PERANCANGAN FURNITUR DAN AKSESORIS PADA RUANG TUNGGU SEKOLAH MUSIK JAZZ DI JAKARTA

Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-formylideneamino-1H/methyl/phenylquinolin-2-ones

255-260An efficient method for the synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-formylideneamino-1H/methyl/phenylquinolin-2-ones by the condensation of corresponding 4-hydroxy-3-formyl-1H/methyl/phenylquinolin-2-one with substituted anilines/aliphatic primary amines is reported. The carboxaldehyde in turn is prepared starting either from substituted anilines or benzoic acid. The structures of compounds are established by the elemental analysis and spectral data

MD/MS thesis as a training tool

As part of the MD/MS thesis, a postgraduate resident plans, conducts, analyses, and reports a research study under the guidance of the faculty members of the department. At the end of this process, the resident is expected to know the principles of conducting scientific research. Such an integral component of the resident's training program bears close examination. The thesis does help a resident plan a research study, collect and analyze data, and compile the results. However, lack of dedicated time for thesis-work (especially in patient-care disciplines), the absence of intermediate timelines, and variation in the research ability and interest of faculty guides limit its usefulness. Addressing these issues, ensuring availability and the optimal use of resources, as well as regular monitoring and evaluation at the departmental level, shall go a long way in meeting the goals of a thesis

High Prevalence and Endemicity of Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter spp. in Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Varanasi, India

The increasing emergence of Acinetobacter spp. with healthcare associated infections (HCAI) in intensive care units (ICU) is alarming. This study was a laboratory-based audit to determine the prevalence of Acinetobacter spp. associated with HCAI in the adult ICU of a tertiary care hospital in Varanasi, north India, with special reference to antimicrobial resistance and resistance determinants over a period of 5 years. A total of 993 cases of HCAI were analyzed. Isolates were characterized as multidrug resistance and extended drug resistance (MDR/XDR) based on antimicrobial susceptibility records. Few (100) randomly selected isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) were tested for imipenem, meropenem, and polymyxin B susceptibility by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and for the presence of class A and B carbapenemases by multiplex PCR. Active surveillance of ICU environment was also performed. High prevalence of Acinetobacter related hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) with significant resistance to imipenem (p<0.05) and 88.02% MDR and 61.97% XDR was detected along with persistence in the ICU environment. The isolates harbored blaIMP (89%), blaVIM (51%), blaNDM-1 (34%), and blaOXA-23-like (93%) genes. Specific interventional measures should be adopted to control these imipenem resistant Acinetobacter spp. which have attained the level of endemicity in our ICU setup