CLINICAL-MORPHOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR-BIOLOGIC PROGNOSTIC FACTORS FOR RARE FORMS OF UTERINE CANCER

This review of literature is devoted to rare forms of uterine cancer. Comparative characteristics of each histological type are given. Clinical-morphologic and molecular-biologic prognostic factors are analyzed in details

The clinical and morphological features of ovarian steroid cell tumors

Ovarian steroid cell tumors are rare, unusual neoplasms. There is now no unified management tactics for patients with this pathology. The paper reviews the literature on the clinical and morphological characteristics, prognostic factors, diagnosis, and treatme nt in patients with ovarian steroid cell tumors

Clinical and morphological characteristics of neuroendocrine tumors of female reproductive organs

The paper deals with the clinical and epidemiological features of human neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and those of female reproductive organsin particular. It presents current approaches to classifying these neoplasms in relation to their embryogenesis and biological properties. The clinical and morphological features of NET of female genital organs are described in detail. Microscopic and immunohistochemical criteriacharacterizing NET are also given

SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE VAGINA (LITERATURE REVIEW AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS)

Small cell carcinoma of the vagina is a very rare manifestation of neuroendocrine tumors. In the article, a review of literature on this problem and description of the clinical course and treatment of small cell carcinoma of the vagina from 3 our observations are presented. Personalized approach and combination treatment are, in our opinion, the main principles of treatment of these patients

Development of Composition and Technologies of Dental Gel of Meloxicam

BACKGROUND: Dental gels have several advantages over other oral dosage forms. Being a viscoplastic dosage form, the gel, when applied to the damaged area of the gum or mucous membrane, creates a protective film, preventing mechanical irritation, and providing a localized effect of the drug components. AIM: The aim of this work was to develop the composition and technology of the dental gel of meloxicam, the study of the main technological and consumer characteristics, as well as the local irritating effect of the dosage form. METHODS: Dental gels were prepared using purified water, alcohol, glycerol, and buckthorn oil as solvents, gelling agents used were: Hydroxyethylcellulose Natrosol® 250 HHX Pharm, Carbopol® 974P NF Polymer, and solubilizer Poloxamer 407 (Lutrol® F 127). The bioadhesive component and Noveon® Polycarbophil component were used for dental gel preparation. Aspartame was used as sweetener. Menthol and ascorbic acid were used to correct the organoleptic properties of the pharmaceutical composition. The formulated dental gel of meloxicam at a concentration of 7.5% was evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, rheological characteristics, bioadhesive properties, and stability under the accelerated aging period. The in vivo local irritant effect was evaluated using ten rabbits by cutaneous, subcutaneous, subconjunctival administration, as well as application to the upper palate. RESULTS: Based on the results of studying technological and organoleptic properties, the optimal composition based on the Natrosol® 250 HHX hydroxyethylcellulose gelling agent, glycerol solvent, and purified water in the ratio 1/5 was selected, the composition contains Noveon® bioadhesive in an amount of 2%. The composition has good taste, pH close to pH of saliva has high bioadhesive properties, satisfactory rheological characteristics. The shelf life of the experimental series by accelerated aging was 2 years. The selected composition does not have a local irritant effect. CONCLUSION: A new dosage form of meloxicam was developed – a gel for use in dental practice

Development of composition and technologies of dental film with ketorolac trometamine

The report presents the results of the development of dental films with ketorolac trometamine based on the natural biodegradable polymers from the groups of sodium alginates and xanthan gums in combination with lightly crosslinked acrylic polymer carbopo

РАННЯЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И ТОТАЛЬНАЯ ГАСТРЭКТОМИЯ ПРИ НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОМ ДИФФУЗНОМ РАКЕ ЖЕЛУДКА

The case report describes a rare case of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, associated with a CDH1 gene mutation and reported in the Russian population for the fist time. In february 2013, after a medical genetic counseling in the laboratory of clinical oncogenetics of the Institute of Clinical Oncology of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia the 28 years old patient was applied to due to a family history of gastric cancer. Based on the results of the molecular genetic study, thе mutation in the CDH1 gene was found, which determines the risk of diffuse gastric cancer during life beyond 80 %. Histological examination of the material of the gastric mucosa biopsy performed during the esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed single foci of the ring-cell cancer in the intrinsic plate of the gastric mucosa. In the department of abdominal oncology, the Research Institute of Clinical Oncology of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia a splash-preserving gastrectomy for Roux was performed with the formation of a small intestine tank, lymphodissection D2.Представлено сообщение о редком случае наследственного диффузного рака желудка, ассоциированного с мутацией в гене Е-кадгерина 1 (CDH1), впервые описанной в российской популяции. В феврале 2013 г. за медико-генетической консультацией в лабораторию клинической онкогенетики НИИ  клинической онкологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ  онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России обратилась пациентка 28 лет в связи с отягощенным семейным анамнезом в отношении рака желудка. По результатам молекулярно-генетического исследования у пациентки обнаружена мутация в гене CDH1, определяющая более чем 80 % риск заболевания диффузным раком желудка в течение жизни. При гистологическом исследовании материала биопсии слизистой оболочки желудка, выполненной во время проведения эзофагогастродуоденоскопии, выявлены единичные фокусы перстневидно-клеточного рака в собственной пластинке слизистой оболочки желудка. В отделении абдоминальной онкологии НИИ клинической онкологии ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России выполнена спленосохраняющая гастрэктомия по Ру с формированием тонкокишечного резервуара, лимфодиссекция D2

Редкая злокачественная опухоль почки – лейомиосаркома почечной вены (клинический случай)

Soft tissue sarcomas are a rare group of malignant tumors that develop from different types of connective tissue. One of the histological variants of primary renal sarcoma is renal leiomyosarcoma. Leiomyosarcoma of kidneys can develop from the renal vasculature, renal veins, pelvic muscles, smooth muscle components of the renal capsule. Clinical and radiologic signs of leiomyosarcoma are nonspecific. Diagnosis is based on histological and immunohistochemical studies after surgical intervention. This article presents a clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of leiomyosarcoma of the renal vein.Саркомы мягких тканей – редкая группа злокачественных опухолей, развивающихся из разных типов соединительной ткани. Одним из гистологических вариантов первичной саркомы почки является лейомиосаркома. Лейомиосаркома почки может развиваться из почечной сосудистой сети, почечных вен, мышц лоханки, гладкомышечных элементов почечной капсулы. Клинические и рентгенологические признаки лейомиосаркомы неспецифичны. Основой диагностики является проведение гистологического и иммуногистохимического исследования после выполнения хирургического вмешательства. В настоящей статье представлен клинический случай диагностики и лечения лейомиосаркомы почечной вены