Polyclonal B-cell activation in human malaria: relevance to the development of anti-sporozoite specific immune response and of immunopathology in individuals from endemic areas (Rondonia State - Brazil)

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-11-06T13:58:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudioTD_Ribeiro_etal_IOC_1988.pdf: 290888 bytes, checksum: 7adcc5b866ba2f6d06cc2cc9d40bb169 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-11-06T14:16:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudioTD_Ribeiro_etal_IOC_1988.pdf: 290888 bytes, checksum: 7adcc5b866ba2f6d06cc2cc9d40bb169 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-06T14:16:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudioTD_Ribeiro_etal_IOC_1988.pdf: 290888 bytes, checksum: 7adcc5b866ba2f6d06cc2cc9d40bb169 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1988Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia de Doenças Parasitárias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia de Doenças Parasitárias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia de Doenças Parasitárias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia de Doenças Parasitárias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Centro Colaborador da OMS para Pesquisa e Treinamento em Imunologia de Doenças Parasitárias. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

UGR Empática: programa de intervención para el desarrollo de la empatía en el alumnado de Ciencias de la Salud y Ciencias de la Educación

La capacidad empática es fundamental para garantizar el éxito profesional en las carreras de Ciencias de la Educación y Ciencias de la Salud. En tanto que se trata de una capacidad que puede entrenarse, este proyecto pretende desarrollar la empatía en el estudiantado de estas ramas del conocimiento. Para ello se diseñó una acción de innovación docente consistente en una serie de materiales didácticos en formato multimedia en los que se abordan diferentes aspectos de la empatía y que han sido empleados por los docentes de diferentes materias durante sus clases. Los materiales se han agrupado en 8 sesiones, cada una de ellas conteniendo dos actividades breves. Las actividades han sido presentaciones en videos en torno a 5 minutos y casos prácticos de elaboración propia de los componentes del equipo del PID. En cada sesión se ha incluido un ejercicio de aprendizaje por autoevaluación. La duración ha sido de 8 semanas, a razón de una sesión compuesta por las 2 actividades cada semana. Para determinar la eficacia de la acción innovadora se ha evaluado la capacidad de empatía en el estudiantado antes de iniciar el proyecto y tras la finalización del mismo, a través del Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal (IRI), una escala que mide la empatía de forma multidimensional. El IRI ofrece una medida compuesta de la empatía, incluyendo su dimensión cognitiva y afectiva. La empatía cognitiva se mide mediante el grado en el que la persona comprende el punto de vista de otra persona. El IRI tiene 2 escalas para medir empatía cognitiva: a) la Escala de Toma de Perspectiva, que evalúa cómo la persona intenta adoptar las perspectivas de otras personas y ver las cosas desde su punto de vista; y b) la Escala de fantasía, que mide la tendencia a identificarse con los personajes de las películas, novelas, obras teatrales y otras situaciones ficticias. La de mayor interés para este proyecto es la primera. En cuanto a la empatía afectiva o emocional, el IRI intenta captar la respuesta emocional de la persona cuando observa el estado afectivo de otras personas, y lo hace con otras 2 escalas: c) Escala de Preocupación Empática consta de ítems sobre los sentimientos de simpatía, compasión y preocupación por los demás; y d) la Escala de Angustia Personal, que valora si la persona experimenta ansiedad y malestar cuando observa que otros están atravesando por experiencias negativas. En nuestro estudio, el interés estaba en que aumentase la puntuación en la escala de preocupación empática, pero no en la de angustia personal. Los objetivos específicos fueron la mejora en las dimensiones de la capacidad empática más relevantes, considerando que la toma de perspectiva y la preocupación empática son las más relacionadas con el desempeño profesional del estudiantado al que iba dirigido el proyecto. En general, los resultados indican que el conjunto del alumnado que ha participado en el PID ha mejorado su capacidad empática. Por tanto, podemos considerar que los materiales creados son válidos para tal fin y pueden ser de aplicación práctica a la docencia.Empathic skills are fundamental to ensure professional success in the fields of Education and Health Sciences. As it is an ability that can be trained, this project aims to develop empathy in students of these branches of knowledge. To this end, a teaching innovation action was designed consisting of a series of teaching materials in multimedia format in which different aspects of empathy are addressed and which have been used by teachers of different subjects during their classes. The materials have been grouped into 8 sessions, each containing two short activities. The activities consisted of 5-minute video presentations and case studies developed by the IDP team. Each session included a self-assessment learning exercise. The duration was 8 weeks, with one session consisting of the 2 activities each week. To determine the effectiveness of the innovative action, the students' capacity for empathy was assessed before the start of the project and after its completion, using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), a scale that measures empathy in a multidimensional way. The IRI provides a composite measure of empathy, including both cognitive and affective dimensions. Cognitive empathy is measured by the degree to which a person understands another person's point of view. The IRI has 2 scales to measure cognitive empathy: a) the Perspective Taking Scale, which assesses how the person tries to adopt other people's perspectives and see things from their point of view; and b) the Fantasy Scale, which measures the tendency to identify with characters in films, novels, plays and other fictional situations. Of most interest for this project is the first one. As for affective or emotional empathy, the IRI attempts to capture the person's emotional response when observing the affective state of other people, and does so with 2 other scales: c) the Empathic Concern Scale consists of items on feelings of sympathy, compassion and concern for others; and d) the Personal Distress Scale, which assesses whether the person experiences anxiety and discomfort when observing that others are going through negative experiences. In our study, the focus was on increasing scores on the empathic concern scale, but not on the personal distress scale. The specific objectives were to improve the most relevant dimensions of empathic ability, considering that perspective-taking and empathic concern are the most related to the professional performance of the target students. In general, the results indicate that the students who participated in the IDP as a whole have improved their empathic ability. Therefore, we can consider that the materials created are valid for this purpose and can be of practical application in teaching

The effect of removing potentially infectious dogs on the numbers of Canine Leishmania infantum Infections in an endemic area with high transmission rates

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-04-15T15:36:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 antonio_teva_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 638910 bytes, checksum: 3a32cb62e1e59b7d0a6c69e78ecab011 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2017-04-17T12:57:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 antonio_teva_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 638910 bytes, checksum: 3a32cb62e1e59b7d0a6c69e78ecab011 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T12:57:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 antonio_teva_etal_IOC_2012.pdf: 638910 bytes, checksum: 3a32cb62e1e59b7d0a6c69e78ecab011 (MD5)Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Patologia e Biointervenção. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Pesquisa em Leishmaniose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Unidade de Medicina Tropical, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Unidade de Medicina Tropical, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Vitória, ES, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo. Unidade de Medicina Tropical, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Vitória, ES, Brasil.To assess the effect of the rapid removal of potentially infectious dogs on the prevalence and incidence of canine infections, a prospective study was undertaken in an area endemic for Leishmania infantum. We used serological testing based on the rapid DPP rK28 fusion protein chromatographic immunoassay for this dog screening-and-culling intervention trial. The outcome was evaluated by measuring seropositivity and sero-conversion/-reversion rates for canine infection. Our estimates indicated that concomitant detection and elimination of seropositive dogs with active disease may affect the numbers of canine infections and disease burden temporarily, although it is insufficient as a measure to interrupt the zoonotic L. infantum transmission. However, most of the asymptomatic, seropositive dogs continuously exhibit low levels of antibodies and/or reverted, remaining seronegative thereafter. In the process of waiting for an effective vaccine, one option for canine reservoir control may be to identify these possibly genetically resistant animals and promote their expansion in the population

Analysis of resilience and sexual behavior in persons with HIV infection

Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate ex post facto resilience in persons with HIV infection and its relationship to socio-demographic and sexual behavior variables. Participants included 159 persons with HIV infection, of both sexes, aged between 19 and 55 years. Fifty-one percent of patients were infected through homosexual means. Sixty-seven percent were in the asymptomatic phase of infection. Assessment instruments used were the following: a questionnaire on socio-demographic data and sexual behavior and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The evaluation was individual, voluntary, and anonymous. The results showed that 49.05% of patients had average resilience, 27.68% had high resilience, and 23.37% had low resilience. They found that heterosexual patients infected with HIV, diagnosed between 1985 and 1990 (23 and 28 years of diagnosis) and those who had disclosed their HIV status to more than 30 people, had greater resilience than homosexual patients, diagnosed between 1996 and 2000 (13 and 17 years of diagnosis) and those who had disclosed their HIV status to 1–5 people. Finally, resilience was not a predictor of sexual risk factor. It is suggested that health interventions take into account the resilience and psychological variables that may be beneficial to improve coping with the disease

Serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in isolated Amerindians, Mato Grosso

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-11-06T17:38:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRegina_Amendoeira_etal_IOC_2003.pdf: 128476 bytes, checksum: 42da9e3a981d2744a1d82cd4ca08b672 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-11-06T17:47:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRegina_Amendoeira_etal_IOC_2003.pdf: 128476 bytes, checksum: 42da9e3a981d2744a1d82cd4ca08b672 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-06T17:47:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRegina_Amendoeira_etal_IOC_2003.pdf: 128476 bytes, checksum: 42da9e3a981d2744a1d82cd4ca08b672 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Protozoologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Protozoologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Imunologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Unidade de Diagnóstico Assistência e Tratamento do Programa Nacional de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis e AIDS. Brasília, DF Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Departamento de Epidemiologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Este estudo determinou a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii em população indígena do Mato Grosso, os Enawenê-Nawê. Estes habitam uma vasta região selvagem, com raros contatos com nãoíndios. Não apresentam animais domésticos, inclusive gatos. A dieta é baseada em insetos, mandioca, milho, mel e fungos e não se alimentam de carne, exceto de peixe. Com base no exposto, desenvolveu-se análise sorológica, por meio de ELISA – IgG e IFI – IgG e IgM. De 148 soros, 80,4% foram ELISA ou IFI- IgG positivos. Não foram detectados casos de IgM reagentes. Nesse grupo as taxas de soropositividade aumentaram significativamente com a idade, de 50% a 95%. Analisando-se os hábitos e costumes, aliados à alta soropositividade encontrada, sugere-se que a presença de felinos silvestres nas imediações da aldeia e coleções de água poderia ter papel importante como fonte de infecção, contaminando o solo e, conseqüentemente, os insetos e fungos consumidos pelos índios.This study determined the occurrence of the antibodies anti-Toxoplasma gondii among the EnawenêNawê, an indigenous population of Mato Grosso. These inhabit a vast wild area, with rare contacts with nonIndians. They do not keep domestic animals, including cats. Their diet is based on insects, cassava, corn, honey and mushrooms, they do not consume meat, except fish. Based on the above, serologic tests ELISA– IgG and indirect fluorescent antibody test for IgG/IgM were performed. From 148 samples, 80.4% positive for IgG by ELISA or indirect fluorescent antibody test. No IgM reagent cases were detected. In that group the seropositivity rates increased significantly with age from 50% to 95%. Having analyzed their customs and habits, together with the high seropositivity found, it is suggested that the presence of wild felines in the vicinity of the village and areas where water collects could play an important role as an infection source, contaminating soil and consequently insects and mushrooms consumed by the Indians

Segmentation of sport services users

El número de practicantes de Actividad Física aumenta. La cantidad de clientes de clubes deportivos se ve por tanto reforzada. Conocer los motivos de práctica deportiva de los usuarios es una necesidad de las organizaciones. El objeto de este trabajo es conocer los motivos de práctica deportiva y construir grupos de usuarios a partir de sus motivaciones. La muestra de este artículo ha sido un total de 2707 usuarios de servicios deportivos de Andalucía, de los cuales el 66.10% eran varones y el 33.90% mujeres, con una edad media de 25.29 ± 12.83. El instrumento utilizado ha sido utilizado la escala MPAM-R adaptada y validada al español. Se realizó un análisis de conglomerados en dos fases, técnica que busca agrupar tratando de lograr la máxima homogeneidad en cada grupo y las mayores diferencias entre ellos. Se han encontrado dos grupos diferentes de usuarios. Los factores más relevantes para establecer los grupos han sido Competencia, Disfrute y Fitness/salud. El grupo 1 se caracteriza por estar formado hombres, con una edad media menor, practicantes de deportes colectivos e individuales. El grupo 2 se encuentra un porcentaje mayor de mujeres, de una edad media, practicantes de actividades relacionadas con el fitness y deportes de raqueta, pertenecientes a organizaciones privadas.The number of physical activity practitioners increases. The amount of customers on sport centres is thus reinforced. Knowing the reasons of sport practise is a must for these centres. The aim of this research is knowing the reasons of sport practise and setting up a group of users from their motivations. The sample on this article has been a total of 2,707 users of sport services in Andalusia, from which 66.10% were male and 33.90% female, with an average age of 25.29 ± 12.83. The tool used was the MPAM-R scale adapted and validated in Spanish. A two-step conglomerate analysis was made, this technique seeks to set up groups trying to get the maximum homogeneity inside each group and the maximum differences among them. It has been found two different groups of users. The most relevant factors to set up the groups have been Competence, Joy and Fitness/Health. Group 1 is characterized by being made up of men, with a lower middle age who practise collective and individual sports. Group 2 includes a higher percentage of women, middle age people, who practise activities related to fitness and racket sports, being members of private centers