Validity and reliability of self-report instruments for measuring physical activity in adolescents: a systematic review

Realizou-se revisão sistemática de estudos de reprodutibilidade e validade de instrumentos de medida da atividade física do tipo self-report - medidas subjetivas, em adolescentes (10-19 anos). Buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados (MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SportsDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs) e nas referências dos artigos localizados. Sessenta e seis estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A maioria deles foi realizada em países da América do Norte, apenas cinco no Brasil. Identificaram-se 52 instrumentos diferentes: 42 questionários, 6 diários e 4 entrevistas. A reprodutibilidade "teste-reteste" variou de 0,20 a 0,98; a maioria (28/50) dos coeficientes apresentou valores < 0,70. Os coeficientes de validade apresentaram ampla variação (-0,13 a 0,88), sendo a maioria deles (64/84) < 0,50. Apenas três instrumentos apresentaram correlações &gt; 0,70. Diversos instrumentos foram testados em adolescentes, especialmente questionários. Em geral, tais instrumentos demonstraram melhor reprodutibilidade "teste-reteste" do que validade.This was a systematic review of studies on the reliability and validity of self-report instruments for measuring physical activity, or subjective measurements, in adolescents (10-18 years). Searches were conducted in databases (MEDLINE, PsycInfo, SportsDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs) and in the references of the retrieved articles. Sixty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. The majority were from North America, with only 5 from Brazil. Fifty-two different instruments were identified: 42 questionnaires, 6 diaries or logs, and 4 interviews. "Test-retest" reliability varied from 0.20 to 0.98; the majority (28/50) of the coefficients showed values < 0.70. Validity coefficients showed wide variation (-0.13 to 0.88), with the majority (64/84) < 0.50. Only 3 instruments displayed correlations &gt; 0.70. Various instruments were tested in adolescents, especially questionnaires. These instruments generally showed better "test-retest" reliability than validity.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

A Organização Política de Mulheres Assentadas e Quilombolas em São Paulo

This article analyses the woman political organization in land reform settlement and afro descendent communities in São Paulo and the creation of the Omaquesp (Settled and Quilombola Woman Organization in São Paulo). It emphasizes the mobilization against the inequality in gender relations at family level and the claim for a gender focus for the rural development public polices. The research shows that there was a intense  and significant political participation of theses segments of rural woman in São Paulo State. Besides, it is argued that the organization of meetings at State level has a expressive relevance to the rural woman empowerment at the public arena. Keywords: Political Participation; Peasant Woman; Rural Development.Este texto analisa a mobilização política de mulheres assentadas e quilombolas em São Paulo e a formação da Omaquesp (Organização de Mulheres Assentadas e Quilombolas do Estado de São Paulo), com destaque para sua atuação no sentido de combater a desigualdade nas relações de gênero e para a formulação de demandas coletivas e propostas de políticas públicas de forma geral para os assentamentos de reforma agrária e áreas quilombolas. A pesquisa mostra que a partir do final dos anos 90, houve uma intensa e significativa participação das mulheres assentadas e quilombolas no Estado de São Paulo e que a realização de encontros estaduais de mulheres destes grupos sociais tem grande relevância no fortalecimento da participação das mulheres rurais na esfera pública

Sistema de análise vibracional preditiva para usinagem / Predictive vibration analysis system for machining

O sensoriamento é de notória importância para o funcionamento da indústria 4.0 em busca de melhorias contínuas nos processos produtivos. Durante a manufatura, a manutenção corretiva é um problema evitável com a manutenção preventiva, porém com a 4ª revolução industrial a maneira de planejar e realizar manutenção progrediu. Nesse intento propôs-se  o desenvolvimento de um sistema de análise vibracional para auxiliar na manutenção preditiva, por meio da utilização de um sensor acelerômetro que fornecerá informações pertinentes para o planejamento estratégico da empresa.

Spatio-temporal trends of the bottom trawling activity in a mud volcano field of the north-eastern Gulf of Cádiz (south-western Iberian Peninsula)

Multi-species bottom trawl fisheries are one of the human activities with a great impact on the benthic habitats and their associated biota. This study provides estimates of the bottom trawling activity (effort), catches and landings of the main commercial species as well as an estimation of the total revenue (TR) generated inside a mud volcano field located in the Spanish margin of the Gulf of Cádiz, during a time series from 2007 to 2012. To date, no studies have been carried out to analyse the temporal evolution of bottom trawling activity and TR in a mud volcano fied, or the economic consequences of possible potential bottom trawling regulation of certain sectors harbouring vulnerable and/or threatened habitats. In this study, Vessel Monitoring System data, logbooks and sales slips were used. The spatial distribution of the bottom trawling activity, catches and TR were related to the seafloor morphology and specific bottom types of the mud volcano field. During the time series, a high bottom trawling activity and associated catches was detected in flat sandy and muddy bottoms, including the Anastasya sector and between the Guadalquivir and Cádiz Diapiric Ridges. Low bottom trawling activity and catches were detected in the deepest areas but also in areas with hard and detritic bottoms such as Gazul and Chica sectors as well as in the Diapiric Ridges. A similar spatial pattern was detected for the TR asociated with these bottom trawling fisheries. An increase in bottom trawling activity was detected during the time series, mainly at the end, probably for increasing the TR and mantaining the economic profit due to the instability and increases in fuel prices and offset the increased costs. Based on the obtained information, bottom trawling regulations should be implemented in certain sectors harboring singular and/or threatened habitats and species. In some of these sectors, a low TR from bottom trawling was detected and, bottom trawling regulation may potentially have a low socioeconomic impact. This specific bottom trawling regulation could provide a sustainable balance between bottom trawling activities and habitat conservation in this mud volcano field according to the aims of the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) and the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EEC).En prens

Quantum Mechanical Approaches for Piezoelectricity Study in Perovskites

In this chapter, we show the procedures we have been used to theoretically investigate the piezoelectric effects in perovskites. The construction of extended basis sets using the generator coordinate Hartree-Fock (GCHF) method is shown, as well as the strategies used to contract extended basis sets and to evaluate their quality in molecular calculations. Besides, we show adequate procedures to choice polarization and diffuse functions to best represent the studied crystal. In addition, we also discuss conditions under which GCHF basis sets and standard basis sets from literature can be used to theoretical investigation of piezoelectricity in perovskites. We finalize the chapter presenting and discussing the results for investigations of piezoelectricity with standard basis sets for barium and lanthanum titanates. To conclude, we present evidences that BaTiO3 and LaTiO3 may have piezoelectric properties caused by electrostatic interactions

Potential link between caffeine consumption and pediatric depression: A case-control study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Early-onset depressive disorders can have severe consequences both from developmental and functional aspects. The etiology of depressive disorders is complex and multi-factorial, with an intricate interaction among environmental factors and genetic predisposition. While data from studies on adults suggest that caffeine is fairly safe, effects of caffeine in children, who are in period of rapid brain development, are currently unknown. Furthermore, systematic research addressing the relationship between depressive symptoms in children and caffeine consumption is lacking.</p> <p>The present study examined the effects of caffeine consumption on depressed mood in children with depression and non-depressed participants.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Children and adolescents (n = 51) already enrolled in an ongoing longitudinal study, aged 9-12 years, were assessed for depressive symptoms with the Children Depressive Inventory (CDI). Psychopathological symptoms were assessed with the Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) and eating habits were assessed with the Nutrition-Behavior Inventory (NBI) <abbrgrp><abbr bid="B1">1</abbr></abbrgrp>. The children were compared to control children without psychopathology attending public schools in a Southern Brazilian city.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Participants with CDI scores ≥ 15 (mean = 19; S.D. = 4) also had high NBI scores (mean = 52; S.D. = 19, p < 0.001) suggestive of a relationship between depressive symptoms and environmental factors, in this case nutrition/behavior. Additional linear regression adjusted statistical analysis, considering the factors of consumption of sweets and caffeine individually, showed that caffeine, but not sweets, was associated with depressive symptoms.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These findings indicate that depressed children consume more caffeinated drinks than non-depressed children. Nonetheless while a strong association between depressive symptoms and caffeine consumption among children was found, further research should investigate whether or not this association is due to a cause and effect relationship.</p

PRODUTIVIDADE DE CULTIVARES DE ALFACE SOB ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA E BORATADA

Estudos sobre a a&ccedil;&atilde;o conjunta do nitrog&ecirc;nio e o boro no desenvolvimento da alface e poss&iacute;veis varia&ccedil;&otilde;es entre cultivares n&atilde;o somente em termos de produtividade, mas tamb&eacute;m quanto &agrave;s caracter&iacute;sticas da planta, ainda s&atilde;o poucos conhecidos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de cultivares de alface crespa sob aduba&ccedil;&atilde;o nitrogenada e boratada em condi&ccedil;&otilde;es de campo, no munic&iacute;pio de Chapadinha&ndash;MA. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, composto por quinze tratamentos e quatro repeti&ccedil;&otilde;es. Os tratamentos foram constitu&iacute;dos por tr&ecirc;s cultivares(Simpson Semente Preta, Grand Rapids - TBR e Itapu&atilde; 401) com cinco n&iacute;veis de aduba&ccedil;&atilde;o nitrogenada e boratada: (0,0 kg ha-1 N + 0,0 kg ha-1 B), (100 kg ha-1 N + 0,0 kg ha-1 B),&nbsp; (200 kg ha-1 N + 0,0 kg ha-1 B), (100 kg ha-1 N + 1,0 kg ha-1 B) e&nbsp; (200 kg ha-1 N + 1,0 kg ha-1 B). As cultivares Simpson Semente Preta e Grand Rapids-TBR podem ser as mais promissoras para o cultivo em virtude da boa produtividade e &oacute;timo aspecto visual para o mercado. Recomenda-se as doses de 100 kg ha-1 N + 1 kg ha-1 de B para a cultivar Simpson Semente Preta, por proporcionar maior receita l&iacute;quida

Revealing the last 13,500 years of environmental history from the multiproxy record of a mountain lake (Lago Enol, northern Iberian Peninsula)

This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-009-9387-7.We present the Holocene sequence from Lago Enol (43°16′N, 4°59′W, 1,070 m a.s.l.), Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain. A multiproxy analysis provided comprehensive information about regional humidity and temperature changes. The analysis included sedimentological descriptions, physical properties, organic carbon and carbonate content, mineralogy and geochemical composition together with biological proxies including diatom and ostracod assemblages. A detailed pollen study enabled reconstruction of variations in vegetation cover, which were interpreted in the context of climate changes and human impact. Four distinct stages were recognized for the last 13,500 years: (1) a cold and dry episode that includes the Younger Dryas event (13,500–11,600 cal. year BP); (2) a humid and warmer period characterizing the onset of the Holocene (11,600–8,700 cal. year BP); (3) a tendency toward a drier climate during the middle Holocene (8,700–4,650 cal. year BP); and (4) a return to humid conditions following landscape modification by human activity (pastoral activities, deforestation) in the late Holocene (4,650–2,200 cal. year BP). Superimposed on relatively stable landscape conditions (e.g. maintenance of well established forests), the typical environmental variability of the southern European region is observed at this site.The Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT), the Spanish National Parks agency, the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Science, and the European Social Fund