Phosphorus adsorption by clay fractions in the presence of fulvic acid

Os ácidos orgânicos podem ser adsorvidos aos coloides do solo, favorecendo maior disponibilidade de P às plantas. Por meio de isotermas, avaliou-se a influência de ácido fúlvico (AF) sobre a adsorção de P na fração argila de dois Latossolos Vermelhos (LVdf e LVd), caulinita natural pouco cristalizada (KGa2), goethita (Gt) e hematita (Hm) sintéticas. As isotermas de adsorção de P ajustadas pelo modelo de Langmuir na presença de AF foram adequadas somente para a região de baixa concentração de P. De maneira geral, a presença de AF incubado nas frações argila estudadas foi capaz de reduzir a adsorção de P. Na fração argila do LVdf, a adsorção de P em baixas e altas concentrações desse nutriente teve pequena influência da sequência de incubação de P com AF, enquanto para a fração argila do LVd as sequências de incubação com P e AF influenciaram a adsorção de P. A redução da adsorção de P sobre a fração argila da KGa2 em baixas concentrações de P nas isotermas não dependeu da sequência de incubação de P e AF, e sim da presença do AF. Na região de altas concentrações de P, a sequência de incubação de P e AF influenciou a adsorção desse elemento. A adsorção de P sobre Gt foi dependente da sequência de incubação com AF, e a incubação prévia do AF promoveu redução da adsorção de P. A sequência de incubação do P e AF na Hm influenciou a adsorção de P quando em baixas e altas concentrações nas isotermas. Os menores valores de adsorção de P ocorreram com a incubação de P juntamente ao AF ou incubação de AF precedida da do P

Clinical and treatment features associated with improved 5-year survival rate in ALK-positive lung cancer treated with ALK-TKIs

n/

Functionalization of Screen-Printed Sensors with a High Reactivity Carbonaceous Material for Ascorbic Acid Detection in Fresh-Cut Fruit with Low Vitamin C Content

In this study, carbon screen-printed sensors (C-SPEs) were functionalized with a high reactivity carbonaceous material (HRCM) to measure the ascorbic acid (AA) concentration in fresh-cut fruit (i.e., watermelon and apple) with a low content of vitamin C. HRCM and the functionalized working electrodes (WEs) were characterized by SEM and TEM. The increases in the electroactive area and in the diffusion of AA molecules towards the WE surface were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry. The performance of HRCM-SPEs were evaluated by CV and constant potential amperometry compared with the non-functionalized C-SPEs and MW-SPEs nanostructured with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The results indicated that SPEs functionalized with 5 mg/mL of HRCM and 10 mg/mL of MWCNTs had the best performances. HRCM and MWCNTs increased the electroactive area by 1.2 and 1.4 times, respectively, whereas, after functionalization, the AA diffusion rate towards the electrode surface increased by an order of 10. The calibration slopes of HRCM and MWCNTs improved from 1.9 to 3.7 times, thus reducing the LOD of C-SPE from 0.55 to 0.15 and 0.28 μM, respectively. Finally, the functionalization of the SPEs proved to be indispensable for determining the AA concentration in the watermelon and apple samples

Using Neural Data to Test a Theory of Investor Behavior: An Application to Realization Utility

We conduct a study in which subjects trade stocks in an experimental market while we measure their brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging. All of the subjects trade in a suboptimal way. We use the neural data to test a "realization utility" explanation for their behavior. We find that activity in two areas of the brain that are important for economic decision-making exhibit activity consistent with the predictions of realization utility. These results provide support for the realization utility model. More generally, they demonstrate that neural data can be helpful in testing models of investor behavior

Argentinian audiovisual production and its innovation processes

El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar la producción audiovisual argentina y sus procesos de innovación. El análisis se basa en una encuesta realizada a una muestra de productoras argentinas, estudios previos y estadísticas. El artículo tiene el doble objetivo de hacer una caracterización general de la producción audiovisual argentina y analizar la problemática de la innovación en esa producción. La hipótesis es que ambas cuestiones están relacionadas, esto es, los procesos de innovación tienen particularidades que responden a ciertas características del sistema productivo audiovisual argentino. La cuestión de la particularidad de los sistemas productivos argentinos y latinoamericanos es algo que es frecuentemente ignorado o soslayado, a pesar de su relevancia para entender la dinámica de esos sistemas.the objective of this paper is to characterize argentine audiovisual production and its innovation processes. the analysis is based on a survey of a sample of argentine production companies, previous studies, and statistics. the article has the two-fold objective of making a general characterization of argentine audiovisual production and analyzing the problem of innovation in that production. the hypothesis is that both issues are related, that is, innovation processes have particularities that respond to certain characteristics of the argentine audiovisual production system. the issue of the particularity of the argentine and latin american production systems is something that is frequently ignored or overlooked, despite its relevance for understanding the dynamics of these systems.Fil: Borello, Jose Antonio. Universidad Nacional de Rafaela.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Instituto del Conurbano. Area Sistemas Economicos Urbanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Barberis, Noelia. Universidad Nacional de Rafaela.; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Leandro Ramiro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento; ArgentinaFil: Ascúa, Rubén. Universidad Nacional de Rafaela.; Argentin

An Ascorbate Bluetooth© Analyzer for Quality Control of Fresh-Cut Parsley Supply Chain

This work provides companies in the fresh-cut produce sector with an Ascorbate Bluetooth© Analyzer (ABA), a screen-printed sensor-based device for ascorbic acid (AA) detection, for quality control all along the supply chain. The amperometric detection of AA on fresh and fresh-cut parsley, under correct and incorrect storage temperature, allowed us to investigate the kinetics of AA decay in response to oxidative stress. The role of ascorbate oxidase (AOx) and ascorbate peroxidase (APx) was studied. ABA was used in situ by unskilled personnel. Treatments influenced AA decay kinetics, which were linear in fresh parsley, and non-linear in fresh-cut. Two hours at 28◦C immediately after chopping, the resilience of the fresh-cut parsley was reduced, even though the cold chain was restored. Two hours at −2◦C caused a rapid loss of AA until its complete decay after 72 h. Significant differences between treatments were observed in both the expression and activity of AOx and APx. ABA registered sudden changes of parsley AA following unpredicted variations of temperature during processing or transport. It was useful to remedy the effects of unexpected flaws in the cold chain, which can be proposed for quality preservation of different fresh-cut produce