Vetores de Dermatobia hominis, Linnaeus Jr., 1761 (Diptera: cuterebridae) na região de Uberaba, Minas Gerais

Several flies in the literature were described as carriers of eggs of Dermatobia hominis. With the purpose of identifying these flies in the Uberaba area, Minas Gerais, from July, 1325 to August, 1985 trapping of flies was carried out with "McGoon" traps, using calves about six months of age as live baits. Three traps were set in different places: close to the stables, in the open field and inside the bushwood. Day trapping was made fortnigntly, and night trapping bimonthly. A total of 48,252 specimens belonging to 23 families of flies were trapped, among which predominated Sarccphagidae and Muscidae, respectively 24,252 and 21,607 ipsects. Fourteen of these were carriers of Dermatobia hominis eggs, respectively 50% Musca domestica, 28,56% Sarcophagula (Sarcophagidae), 14.30 Stomoxys calcitrans (Muscidae) and 7.14% Fannia sp (Fanniidae). Except for one oviposition, all the others were found on one side of the carrier's abdomen, under its wing. The number of eggs carried by each vector ranged from 10 to 52.Vários dipteros são descritos na literatura como veiculadores de ovos de Dermatobia hominis. Com o objetivo de se conhecer estes dipteros na região de Uberaba, Minas Gerais, durante o período de julho de 1985 a agosto de 1966, foram feitas capturas com armadilhas de "McGoon”, utilizando como isca bezerros com idade aproximada de 6 meses. Três armadilhas foram colocadas em locais diferentes, uma próxima aos currais, outra em campo aberto e a última no interior de capoeiras. Foram realizadas capturas quinzenais diurnas e capturas bimensais noturnas. Um total de 46.252 exemplares de 23 famílias de dipteros foram capturados, com predominância de Sarcophagidae e Muscidae, com respectivamente 24.252 e 21.607 insetos. Foram capturados 14 dipteros com ovos de Dermatobia hominis, sendo 50% Musca domestica (Muscidae), 28,56% Sarcophagula sp (Sarcophaçidae), 14,30% Stomoxys calcitrans (Muscidae) e 7,14% Fannia sp (Fanniidae). Executando-se uma postura, as demais foram unilaterais, localizadas na região abdomina1 logo abaixo da asa dos dipteros; o número de ovos variou entre 10 e 52

Seasonal variation in gastrointestinal helminth infection of beef cows and effect of Ivermecthrin at different intervals

Foram utilizadas 55 vacas da raça nelore com idade entre cinco e oito anos, naturalmente infectadas por nematódeos gastrintestinais, divididas em cinco grupos de onze animais; um grupo permaneceu com controle, enquanto os outros foram tratados com Ivermectrin, na dose de 200 mcg/kgpv. O medicamento, aplicado em intervalos de 60, 75 e 90 dias, interferiu na carga parasitada subclínica dos animais, o que não ocorreu com o tratamento a cada 120 dias. Os resultados das culturas de fezes e das contagens de OPG, realizadas mensalmente, mostraram que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a carga parasitária dos bovinos na estação seca e chuvosa; nas coproculturas, as larvas de Cooperia foram as mais frequentes, seguidas, respectivamente, das de Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum e Trichostrongylus.Fifty-five nellore cows with gastrointestinal nematode infections were divided into five groups of eleven animals each; one group was taken as the control, and to the ether four groups were given 200 mcg/kgbw of Ivermectin at intervals of 60, 75, 90 and 120 days throughout the year. The treatments one, two and three had some effect in the subclinic nematode gastrointestinal infections, while the treatment number 4 had no effect at all. Cooperia was the most frequent infective larvae found in the coprocultures, followed by Haemonchus, Oesophagostomum and Trichostrongylus larvae respectively. There were no differences in the worm burden between the dry and wet seasons

Berne: distribuição sazonal, localização no hospedeiro e susceptibilidade de bovinos mestiços na região de Uberaba, Minas Gerais

The monthly variation of D. hominis infesting 11 crossbred cattle (Holland x Zebu) , was studied from June, 1985 to October , 1986. The infestation was maintained almost during all the experimental period, except in November, 1985 and in February, March and April 1986. The maximum mean number of larvae was 18.19. The back and the lateral regions as well as the shoulders were the most affected parts of the body, respectively with 33.14% and 3 6.70% of the counted larvae.Durante o período de junho de 1985 a outubro de 1966, foram feitas contagens de Larvas de D. hominis em 11 bovinos de raça mestiça (Holandês-Zebu). A infestação se manteve praticamente durante todo o período experimental, exceto no mês de novembro de 1965 e fevereiro, março e abril do ano seguinte. O número médio máximo de bernes foi de 18,91. Os regiões dorsolateral e paleta foram as mais acometidas, com respectivamente 39,14% e 36,70% das larvas contadas

Localização do Dipetalonema reconditum (GRASSI, 1890) (Nematoda filariidae) de Canis familiaris

The necropsy of 24 dogs with positive blood serum test for Dipetalonema sp microfilarias demonstrated that 93.9% of the parasites were located in the subcutaneous tissue and 6.1% in general visceral organs. The helminths were localized in different anatomical regions, the chest was found with the highest frequency.Foram necropsiados 24 cães com exame de sangue positivo para microfilarias de Dipetalonema sp. Verificou-se que 93,9% dos parasitos foram encontrados no tecido subcutâneo e 6,1% nas vísceras. A localização dos helmintos variou com as regimes anatômicas, sendo o tórax o local de maior freqüência

Propostas de práticas de ensino em Biologia: Bioquímica, Microbiologia e Biologia Vegetal

The general objective of this work was to propose teaching practices in biological sciences for application in the classroom with high school students. Among the specific objectives were to carry out the theoretical basis of the proposed practices, list equipment and materials needed for the practices and describe the procedures in detail. Biology is present in our daily lives and many times we are not aware of this application. The subjects selected for the present study were: Biochemistry, Microbiology and Plant Biology. In biochemistry, the topic addressed was the evaluation of the enzymatic action on a substrate. This theme is related to the various applications of the use of enzymes, which can be done at an industrial, health or daily level. In the sphere of microbiology, topics on the fermentation of substrates through the action of microorganisms were addressed. Practice related to the production of foods such as beverages, cheeses and bakery. Finally, the theme of plant biology is being applied to develop knowledge about the environment, agriculture and gardening. Practices that can arouse entrepreneurship interests in students. Experimentation is an essential practice for the dissemination of scientific knowledge in the teaching of Science and Biology, it is an indispensable tool for scientific knowledge.El objetivo general de este trabajo fue proponer prácticas didácticas en ciencias biológicas para su aplicación en el aula con estudiantes de secundaria. Entre los objetivos específicos estaban realizar las bases teóricas de las prácticas propuestas, enumerar los equipos y materiales necesarios para las prácticas y describir detalladamente los procedimientos. La biología está presente en nuestro día a día y muchas veces no somos conscientes de esta aplicación. Las materias seleccionadas para el presente estudio fueron: Bioquímica, Microbiología y Biología Vegetal. En bioquímica, el tema abordado fue la evaluación de la acción enzimática sobre un sustrato. Este tema está relacionado con las diversas aplicaciones del uso de las enzimas, las cuales se pueden realizar a nivel industrial, sanitario o cotidiano. En el ámbito de la microbiología se abordaron temas sobre la fermentación de sustratos por acción de microorganismos. Práctica relacionada con la producción de alimentos como bebidas, quesos y panadería. Finalmente, se está aplicando el tema de biología vegetal para desarrollar conocimientos sobre el medio ambiente, la agricultura y la jardinería. Prácticas que pueden despertar el interés emprendedor en los estudiantes. La experimentación es una práctica esencial para la difusión del conocimiento científico en la enseñanza de las Ciencias y la Biología, es una herramienta indispensable para el conocimiento científico.O objetivo geral deste trabalho foi propor práticas de ensino em ciências biológicas para aplicação em sala de aula com alunos do ensino médio. Entre os objetivos específicos estavam realizar o embasamento teórico das práticas propostas, listar equipamentos e materiais necessários para as práticas e descrever os procedimentos detalhadamente. A biologia está presente em nosso dia a dia e muitas vezes não nos damos conta dessa aplicação. As disciplinas selecionadas para o presente estudo foram: Bioquímica, Microbiologia e Biologia Vegetal. Na bioquímica o tema abordado foi a avaliação da ação enzimática sobre um substrato. Essa temática está relacionada as diversas aplicações do uso de enzimas, que pode ser feito a nível industrial, saúde ou cotidiano. Na esfera da microbiologia foram abordados temas sobre a fermentação de substratos através da ação de microrganismos. Prática relacionada a produção de alimentos como bebidas, queijos e panificação. Por fim, o tema da biologia vegetal está sendo aplicado para desenvolver conhecimento a respeito de meio ambiente, agricultura e jardinagem. Práticas que podem despertar interesses de empreendedorismo nos alunos. A experimentação é uma prática essencial para a disseminação do conhecimento científico no ensino de Ciências e Biologia, é uma ferramenta indispensável para o conhecimento científico

Haplotypes of the bovine IgG2 heavy gamma chain in tick-resistant and tick-susceptible breeds of cattle

Bovines present contrasting, heritable phenotypes of infestations with the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Tick salivary glands produce IgG-binding proteins (IGBPs) as a mechanism for escaping from host antibodies that these ectoparasites ingest during blood meals. Allotypes that occur in the constant region of IgG may differ in their capacity to bind with tick IGBPs; this may be reflected by the distribution of distinct allotypes according to phenotypes of tick infestations. In order to test this hypothesis, we investigated the frequency of haplotypes of bovine IgG2 among tick-resistant and tick-susceptible breeds of bovines. Sequencing of the gene coding for the heavy chain of IgG2 from 114 tick-resistant (Bos taurus indicus, Nelore breed) and tick-susceptible (B. t. taurus, Holstein breed) bovines revealed SNPs that generated 13 different haplotypes, of which 11 were novel and 5 were exclusive of Holstein and 3 of Nelore breeds. Alignment and modeling of coded haplotypes for hinge regions of the bovine IgG2 showed that they differ in the distribution of polar and hydrophobic amino acids and in shape according to the distribution of these amino acids. We also found that there was an association between genotypes of the constant region of the IgG2 heavy chain with phenotypes of tick infestations. These findings open the possibility of investigating if certain IgG allotypes hinder the function of tick IGBPs. If so, they may be markers for breeding for resistance against tick infestations

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio