14 research outputs found
Synthetic mRNAs; Their Analogue Caps and Contribution to Disease
The structure of synthetic mRNAs as used in vaccination against cancer and infectious diseases contain specifically designed caps followed by sequences of the 5′ untranslated repeats of β-globin gene. The strategy for successful design of synthetic mRNAs by chemically modifying their caps aims to increase resistance to the enzymatic deccapping complex, offer a higher affinity for binding to the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (elF4E) protein and enforce increased translation of their encoded proteins. However, the cellular homeostasis is finely balanced and obeys to specific laws of thermodynamics conferring balance between complexity and growth rate in evolution. An overwhelming and forced translation even under alarming conditions of the cell during a concurrent viral infection, or when molecular pathways are trying to circumvent precursor events that lead to autoimmunity and cancer, may cause the recipient cells to ignore their differential sensitivities which are essential for keeping normal conditions. The elF4E which is a powerful RNA regulon and a potent oncogene governing cell cycle progression and proliferation at a post-transcriptional level, may then be a great contributor to disease development. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) axis manly inhibits the elF4E to proceed with mRNA translation but disturbance in fine balances between mTOR and elF4E action may provide a premature step towards oncogenesis, ignite pre-causal mechanisms of immune deregulation and cause maturation (aging) defects
Cornus mas (Linnaeus) Novel Devised Medicinal Preparations: Bactericidal Effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The medicinal properties of Cornus mas L. (=Cornus mascula L.), Cornaceae, are well described in Hippocratian documents, and recent research provides experimental evidence for some of these properties. However, the chemical components of Cornus mas L. that may be of pharmaceutical importance are relatively unstable. In this respect a novel methodology for plant nutrient element extraction that provides favorable conditions for simultaneous stabilization of such fragile and unstable structures has been devised. Using this methodology, medicinal preparations derived from Cornus mas L. fresh fruits, proved to possess significant antimicrobial activity selective against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This effect became apparent with the addition of sodium bromide in the extraction procedure and varied with the ion availability during extraction. The identification of novel agents with potent antimicrobial activity against these species is of medical importance to overcome the problem of universal antibiotic resistance
Swift Cure of a Chronic Wound Infected With Multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus in an Elderly Patient With Stage 5 Renal Disease
We present a case of a 91-year-old female with stage 5 renal disease,
diabetes type 2, and considerable weakness, suffering from a 2-month-old
wound infected by a multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus. The wound
measured 7 cm in length, 5 cm in width, and 1.5 cm in depth, having
purulent white edges and exudates exceeding the size of the wound. The
systemic antibiotic use was opposing to improve the patient’s clinical
condition due to underlying nephrotoxicity that may have deteriorated
renal failure and resistance of the infecting pathogen. The halogenated
taurine (Tau) derivatives N-chlorotaurine (NCT) and N-bromotaurine
(NBrT) with potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy were
alternatively employed as combination topical treatment to provide a
therapeutic solution. Each agent was applied separately with an interval
of 5 minutes as a 1% spray in aqueous solution every 30 minutes during
the day for 3 days. This treatment was very well tolerated and led to
rapid disappearance of the purulent exudate, rapid epithelialization,
and complete healing. To avoid relapse, the application was continued 4
times daily for a further 4 days. No complications occurred in the
course of treatment. This case report confirms the therapeutic efficacy
of NCT in chronic purulent wounds. NBrT is well tolerated, too, and can
be used in combination with NCT in emergency clinical settings. Its
potential as a single agent should be investigated in further studies.
Advancement of wound closure by these agents proved to be life-saving
for this patient. Further molecular research is needed to identify
mechanisms that promote wound healing
Autoimmune inflammatory reactions triggered by the COVID-19 genetic vaccines in terminally differentiated tissues
As a result of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, a global pandemic was declared. Indiscriminate COVID-19 vaccination has been extended to include age groups and naturally immune people with minimal danger of suffering serious complications due to COVID-19. Solid immuno-histopathological evidence demonstrates that the COVID-19 genetic vaccines can display a wide distribution within the body, affecting tissues that are terminally differentiated and far away from the injection site. These include the heart and brain, which may incur in situ production of spike protein eliciting a strong autoimmunological inflammatory response. Due to the fact that every human cell which synthesises non-self antigens, inevitably becomes the target of the immune system, and since the human body is not a strictly compartmentalised system, accurate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies are needed in order to determine precisely which tissues can be harmed. Therefore, our article aims to draw the attention of the scientific and regulatory communities to the critical need for biodistribution studies for the genetic vaccines against COVID-19, as well as for rational harm-benefit assessments by age group