Question-answer sequences between doctors and patients in a South African HIV/AIDS day clinic

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Bilingualism and language shift in Western Cape communities

This paper considers a number of pertinent sociolinguistic aspects of a distinct process of language shift recently noted in some historically Afrikaans first language (L1) communities established in the Cape Metropolitan area. Particularly, it considers qualitatively how a number of families made deliberate choices to change the family language from Afrikaans L1 to English L1. It elaborates on an exploratory study undertaken in 2003, adding data collected in 2008 and 2009, investigating linguistic repertoire and language choice in a number of families where there has been contact between English and Afrikaans over a number of generations. The aim, eventually, is to characterise the nature of the perceived process of language shift. The paper considers how widespread use of both English and Afrikaans in communities that until recently were predominantly Afrikaans, impacts on linguistic identities. It reports on structured interviews with members of three generations of families who currently exhibit English-Afrikaans bilingualism where members of the younger generation are more fluent in English. It finds that there is evidence of language shift, it reports on the circumstances that motivate such shift, and concludes that the third generation presents either a monolingual English identity where Afrikaans has a decidedly second language status, or a strong English-dominant bilingual identity.Keywords: bilingualism, family language, language shift, language identit

‘What’s the problem? I am happy that you are my customer!’ African immigrant women’s emotional labour and resilience in a multilingual workplace

Recent research on multilingualism and emotions in the immigrant context indicates that negative emotions such as anxiety related to monolingual or cultural norms may prevail in immigrants’ daily lives. Immigrants may respond to negative emotions with avoidance, for instance by avoiding using the language that makes them anxious. This study further examines emotion-related concepts of immigrant experience in a setting rarely researched: a highly multilingual workplace in Cape Town, South Africa. It focuses on immigrants’ emotional lived experiences, emotional labour, and coping strategies such as avoidance or resilience. We report on semi-structured interviews with four African immigrant women working as shop assistants in a China Town shopping centre in the Western Cape. Noting the diversity of experiences in emotional reactions and coping, findings reveal that negative emotions African immigrant women experience are associated more with threatened life chances, than with non-standard speech forms. Although reported experiences imply a significant burden of emotional labour, these African immigrant women do not get caught in negative emotions and avoidance; rather, they demonstrate emotional resilience and active coping strategies (e.g. positive emotions, humour, gratitude) that allow them to manage conflict and negativity

A posteriori error bounds for discontinuous Galerkin methods for quasilinear parabolic problems

We derive a posteriori error bounds for a quasilinear parabolic problem, which is approximated by the $hp$-version interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method (IPDG). The error is measured in the energy norm. The theory is developed for the semidiscrete case for simplicity, allowing to focus on the challenges of a posteriori error control of IPDG space-discretizations of strictly monotone quasilinear parabolic problems. The a posteriori bounds are derived using the elliptic reconstruction framework, utilizing available a posteriori error bounds for the corresponding steady-state elliptic problem.Comment: 8 pages, conference ENUMATH 200

The finite volume-complete flux scheme for one-dimensional advection-diffusion-reaction equations

We present a new integral representation for the flux of the advection-diffusion-reaction equation, which is based on the solution of a local boundary value problem for the entire equation, including the source term. The flux therefore consists of two parts, corresponding to the homogeneous and particular solution of the boundary value problem. Applying suitable quadrature rules to the integral representation gives the complete flux scheme, which is second order accurate, uniformly in the local Peclet numbers. The flux approximation is combined with a finite volume method, and the resulting finite volume-complete flux scheme is validated for several test problems

The complete flux scheme in cylindrical coordinates

We consider the complete ¿ux (CF) scheme, a ¿nite volume method (FVM) presented in [1]. CF is based on an integral representation for the ¿uxes, found by solving a local boundary value problem that includes the source term. It performs well (second order accuracy) for both diffusion and advection dominated problems. In this paper we focus on cylindrically symmetric conservation laws of advection-diffusion-reaction type. [1] ten Thije Boonkkamp, J.H.M., Anthonissen, M.J.H.: The ¿nite volume-complete ¿ux scheme for advection-diffusion-reaction equations. Journal of Scienti¿c Computing 46(1), 47–70 (2011