10 research outputs found
Razlike u zadovoljstvu tjelesnim izgledom kod studentica u različitim stadijima promjene ponašanja povezanih s tjelesnim vježbanjem
Cilj ovog rada ispitati je razlike u percepciji tjelesnog izgleda studentica koje se, sukladno transteorijskom modelu, nalaze u različitim stadijima promjene ponašanja. Ispitat će se i razlike u zadovoljstvu vlastitim tjelesnim izgledom između aktivnih i neaktivnih studentica. Korištena je skala za mjerenje procesa promjene utemeljena na transteorijskom modelu spremnosti na promjenu ponašanja povezanih s vježbanjem te skala percepcije tjelesnog izgleda slikovnim podražajima.U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 87 studentica Rudarsko-geološko-naftnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu (20,53±1,16 god., tjelesne visine 1,69±0,06 m i tjelesne mase 60,97±8,63 kg).Za utvrđivanje razlika u zadovoljstvu/nezadovoljstvu tjelesnim izgledom studentica po pojedinim stadijima transteorijskog modela korišten je Kruskal-Wallis test (H(3)=2,44, p=0,49) a rezultati ukazuju da se studentice ovog uzorka ne razlikuju u zadovoljstvu/nezadovoljstvu tjelesnim izgledom po pojedinim stadijima transteorijskog modela. Neaktivne i aktivne studentice ne razlikuju se niti u zadovoljstvu/nezadovoljstvu tjelesnim izgledom (Z=0,40, p=0,69) niti prema stupnju uhranjenosti (Z=-0,15, p=0,88)
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology
Proceedings of the 12th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2019 gatheres submissions of participants of the conference. Every submission is the result of positive evaluation by reviewers from the corresponding field. Conference is divided into sections – Analysis of human movement; Sport training, nutrition and regeneration; Sport and social sciences; Active ageing and sarcopenia; Strength and conditioning training; section for PhD students
GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORT - CHANGES TOWARDS EGALITARIANISM
Sport i fenomeni vezani za sport sociološki su važni jer su povezani s normama i vrijednostima šireg društva pa se na tom tragu postavlja pitanje uloge sporta kao sredstva stvaranja rodno ravnopravnijih tj. egalitarnijih društvenih odnosa. Koristeći kompleksnu mješovitu metodologiju istražilo se koje su i kakve reakcije studenata i studentica na iskustva bavljenja tipično muškim i tipično ženskim sportom te na koji način takva iskustva mijenjaju stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu i percepciju rodnih uloga. Podatci za kvalitativne dionice istraživanja prikupljeni su polustrukturiranim intervjuima s elementima dubinskog na uzorku dvadeset studenata/ica Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te etnografskom dionicom istraživanja tijekom koje je promatrana jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike, jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Nogometa, jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike i jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Nogometa. Tematskom analizom podataka izdvojeno je pet tema, a ključni nalazi ukazuju kako je većina sugovornika/ica svjesna rodne tipizacije sportova, utjecaja medija na popularizaciju sporta i marginalizaciju žena u sportu. Sugovornici/ce podržavaju majčinstvo profesionalnih sportašica i njihov povratak na sportske terene nakon poroda. O tome kakav je nastavni plan i program za studentice i studente Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu sugovornici/ce ne razmišljaju. Zadatke koje dobivaju tijekom studija ispunjavaju bez pogovora, ne analiziraju i ne propitkuju te su u svakom trenutku usmjereni na postizanje cilja – polaganje ispita. Studenti/ce na nastavu kolegija Nogomet i Ritmička gimnastika dolaze neopterećeni predrasudama o tome je li neki sport više „ženski“ ili „muški“, je li vježbanje na određenom kolegiju prikladno za njih ili nije, je li šut na gol odraz „muškosti“ i jesu li „graciozni“ pokreti dokaz „ženskosti“. U provedbi kvantitativnog dijela istraživanja koristila se metoda ankete te je u dvije točke mjerenja prikupljen 161 valjano ispunjen anketni upitnik. Rezultati kvantitativnih dionica istraživanja pokazuju da sudionici/ce ovog istraživanja, nakon sudjelovanja u tipično muškom i tipično ženskom sportu, pokazuju manje egalitarne stavove prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu. Stavovi o rodnim ulogama na podskalama rodna radna egalitarnost i reproduktivna prava nisu se mijenjali dok su promjene u smjeru rodne neravnopravnosti detektirane na podskalama tradicionalizam i obrazovno-profesionalna egalitarnost. Studentice i u prvom i u drugom valu istraživanja pokazuju egalitarnije stavove od studenata kako prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu tako i prema rodnim ulogama. Na skali rodne neravnopravnosti u sportu i na svim podskalama rodnih stavova nema statistički značajne razlike između sudionika koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Nogomet i onih koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Ritmička gimnastika. U radu su utvrđeni prediktori rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu i rodnih stavova. Jedini prediktor rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu pokazao se spol. Studentice iskazuju egalitarnije stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu. Prediktor rodnih stavova na svim podskalama je spol dok se religijsko uvjerenje i godina studija pokazuju kao prediktori reproduktivnih prava te veličina naselja u kojoj su sudionici proveli veći dio života kao prediktor tradicionalnih rodnih stavova.Sport and phenomena related to sport are sociologically important because they are connected to the norms and values of the wider society, so the question of the role of sport as a means of creating more gender-equal, i.e. more egalitarian social relations arises in this direction. Using a complex mixed methodology, the kind of reactions male and female students have to the experiences of playing typically male and typically female sports were investigated, and also how such experiences change attitudes about gender equality in sports and the perception of gender roles. Data for the qualitative parts of the research were collected through semi-structured interviews with in-depth elements on a sample of twenty students of the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, and the ethnographic part of the research, during which one group of male students was observed in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes, one group of male students in Football classes, one group of female students in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and one group of female students in Football classes. The thematic analysis of the data identified five topics: 1. Men's and women's sports, media, female athletes, 2. Curriculum of the Faculty of Kinesiology – everyone everything 3.Football classes 4. Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and 5. After taking the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses. The interviewees are aware of the gender typification of sports, the influence of the media on the popularization of sports and the marginalization of women in sports. Particularly egalitarian views were expressed on the topic of motherhood and sports. The interviewees support the motherhood of professional athletes and their return to sports fields after childbirth. The interviewees do not think about what the curriculum is like for male and female students of the Faculty of Kinesiology at the University of Zagreb. They complete the tasks they receive during their studies without question, they do not analyze or question them, and they are always focused on achieving the goal - passing the exam. Students come to Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics classes unencumbered by prejudices about whether a sport is more "feminine" or "masculine", whether practicing within a certain course is suitable for them or not, whether shooting at a goal is a reflection of "masculinity" and whether "graceful" movements are a proof of "femininity". In the implementation of the quantitative part of the research, a survey method was used, an online survey technique using the Microsoft Forms tool, at two measurement points - at the beginning of the research and after fifteen weeks of the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses attended by the participants. In total, 161 validly completed questionnaires were collected at both measurement points, which were used in further analyses. The results of the quantitative parts of the research show that after participating in typically male and typically female sports, participants show less egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports and that female students in both the first and second waves of the research show more egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports than male students. On the gender inequality scale in sports, there is no statistically significant difference between the participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course. Attitudes towards gender roles on the subscales of gender work egalitarianism and reproductive rights did not change after participating in typically male and typically female sports in the total sample, while changes towards gender inequality were detected on the subscales of traditionalism and educational-professional egalitarianism. Female students expressed more egalitarian attitudes related to gender than male students in both the first and second waves of the study. No statistically significant differences were found between participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course on the gender attitudes subscales. Predictors of gender equality in sport and gender attitudes were determined in the paper. Sex proved to be the only predictor of gender equality in sport, but also a predictor of gender attitudes on all subscales. This finding suggests that female students are more likely to express gender egalitarian attitudes than male students. Religious belief and year of study were shown to be predictors of reproductive rights; participants in higher years of study and those who are mostly non-religious express more egalitarian attitudes towards women's reproductive rights. The size of the settlement where the participants spent most of their lives proved to be a significant predictor of traditional gender attitudes, where participants from smaller settlements were more likely to express traditional gender attitudes
GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORT - CHANGES TOWARDS EGALITARIANISM
Sport i fenomeni vezani za sport sociološki su važni jer su povezani s normama i vrijednostima šireg društva pa se na tom tragu postavlja pitanje uloge sporta kao sredstva stvaranja rodno ravnopravnijih tj. egalitarnijih društvenih odnosa. Koristeći kompleksnu mješovitu metodologiju istražilo se koje su i kakve reakcije studenata i studentica na iskustva bavljenja tipično muškim i tipično ženskim sportom te na koji način takva iskustva mijenjaju stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu i percepciju rodnih uloga. Podatci za kvalitativne dionice istraživanja prikupljeni su polustrukturiranim intervjuima s elementima dubinskog na uzorku dvadeset studenata/ica Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te etnografskom dionicom istraživanja tijekom koje je promatrana jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike, jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Nogometa, jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike i jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Nogometa. Tematskom analizom podataka izdvojeno je pet tema, a ključni nalazi ukazuju kako je većina sugovornika/ica svjesna rodne tipizacije sportova, utjecaja medija na popularizaciju sporta i marginalizaciju žena u sportu. Sugovornici/ce podržavaju majčinstvo profesionalnih sportašica i njihov povratak na sportske terene nakon poroda. O tome kakav je nastavni plan i program za studentice i studente Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu sugovornici/ce ne razmišljaju. Zadatke koje dobivaju tijekom studija ispunjavaju bez pogovora, ne analiziraju i ne propitkuju te su u svakom trenutku usmjereni na postizanje cilja – polaganje ispita. Studenti/ce na nastavu kolegija Nogomet i Ritmička gimnastika dolaze neopterećeni predrasudama o tome je li neki sport više „ženski“ ili „muški“, je li vježbanje na određenom kolegiju prikladno za njih ili nije, je li šut na gol odraz „muškosti“ i jesu li „graciozni“ pokreti dokaz „ženskosti“. U provedbi kvantitativnog dijela istraživanja koristila se metoda ankete te je u dvije točke mjerenja prikupljen 161 valjano ispunjen anketni upitnik. Rezultati kvantitativnih dionica istraživanja pokazuju da sudionici/ce ovog istraživanja, nakon sudjelovanja u tipično muškom i tipično ženskom sportu, pokazuju manje egalitarne stavove prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu. Stavovi o rodnim ulogama na podskalama rodna radna egalitarnost i reproduktivna prava nisu se mijenjali dok su promjene u smjeru rodne neravnopravnosti detektirane na podskalama tradicionalizam i obrazovno-profesionalna egalitarnost. Studentice i u prvom i u drugom valu istraživanja pokazuju egalitarnije stavove od studenata kako prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu tako i prema rodnim ulogama. Na skali rodne neravnopravnosti u sportu i na svim podskalama rodnih stavova nema statistički značajne razlike između sudionika koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Nogomet i onih koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Ritmička gimnastika. U radu su utvrđeni prediktori rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu i rodnih stavova. Jedini prediktor rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu pokazao se spol. Studentice iskazuju egalitarnije stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu. Prediktor rodnih stavova na svim podskalama je spol dok se religijsko uvjerenje i godina studija pokazuju kao prediktori reproduktivnih prava te veličina naselja u kojoj su sudionici proveli veći dio života kao prediktor tradicionalnih rodnih stavova.Sport and phenomena related to sport are sociologically important because they are connected to the norms and values of the wider society, so the question of the role of sport as a means of creating more gender-equal, i.e. more egalitarian social relations arises in this direction. Using a complex mixed methodology, the kind of reactions male and female students have to the experiences of playing typically male and typically female sports were investigated, and also how such experiences change attitudes about gender equality in sports and the perception of gender roles. Data for the qualitative parts of the research were collected through semi-structured interviews with in-depth elements on a sample of twenty students of the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, and the ethnographic part of the research, during which one group of male students was observed in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes, one group of male students in Football classes, one group of female students in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and one group of female students in Football classes. The thematic analysis of the data identified five topics: 1. Men's and women's sports, media, female athletes, 2. Curriculum of the Faculty of Kinesiology – everyone everything 3.Football classes 4. Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and 5. After taking the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses. The interviewees are aware of the gender typification of sports, the influence of the media on the popularization of sports and the marginalization of women in sports. Particularly egalitarian views were expressed on the topic of motherhood and sports. The interviewees support the motherhood of professional athletes and their return to sports fields after childbirth. The interviewees do not think about what the curriculum is like for male and female students of the Faculty of Kinesiology at the University of Zagreb. They complete the tasks they receive during their studies without question, they do not analyze or question them, and they are always focused on achieving the goal - passing the exam. Students come to Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics classes unencumbered by prejudices about whether a sport is more "feminine" or "masculine", whether practicing within a certain course is suitable for them or not, whether shooting at a goal is a reflection of "masculinity" and whether "graceful" movements are a proof of "femininity". In the implementation of the quantitative part of the research, a survey method was used, an online survey technique using the Microsoft Forms tool, at two measurement points - at the beginning of the research and after fifteen weeks of the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses attended by the participants. In total, 161 validly completed questionnaires were collected at both measurement points, which were used in further analyses. The results of the quantitative parts of the research show that after participating in typically male and typically female sports, participants show less egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports and that female students in both the first and second waves of the research show more egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports than male students. On the gender inequality scale in sports, there is no statistically significant difference between the participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course. Attitudes towards gender roles on the subscales of gender work egalitarianism and reproductive rights did not change after participating in typically male and typically female sports in the total sample, while changes towards gender inequality were detected on the subscales of traditionalism and educational-professional egalitarianism. Female students expressed more egalitarian attitudes related to gender than male students in both the first and second waves of the study. No statistically significant differences were found between participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course on the gender attitudes subscales. Predictors of gender equality in sport and gender attitudes were determined in the paper. Sex proved to be the only predictor of gender equality in sport, but also a predictor of gender attitudes on all subscales. This finding suggests that female students are more likely to express gender egalitarian attitudes than male students. Religious belief and year of study were shown to be predictors of reproductive rights; participants in higher years of study and those who are mostly non-religious express more egalitarian attitudes towards women's reproductive rights. The size of the settlement where the participants spent most of their lives proved to be a significant predictor of traditional gender attitudes, where participants from smaller settlements were more likely to express traditional gender attitudes
GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORT - CHANGES TOWARDS EGALITARIANISM
Sport i fenomeni vezani za sport sociološki su važni jer su povezani s normama i vrijednostima šireg društva pa se na tom tragu postavlja pitanje uloge sporta kao sredstva stvaranja rodno ravnopravnijih tj. egalitarnijih društvenih odnosa. Koristeći kompleksnu mješovitu metodologiju istražilo se koje su i kakve reakcije studenata i studentica na iskustva bavljenja tipično muškim i tipično ženskim sportom te na koji način takva iskustva mijenjaju stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu i percepciju rodnih uloga. Podatci za kvalitativne dionice istraživanja prikupljeni su polustrukturiranim intervjuima s elementima dubinskog na uzorku dvadeset studenata/ica Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te etnografskom dionicom istraživanja tijekom koje je promatrana jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike, jedna grupa studenata na nastavi Nogometa, jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Ritmičke gimnastike i jedna grupa studentica na nastavi Nogometa. Tematskom analizom podataka izdvojeno je pet tema, a ključni nalazi ukazuju kako je većina sugovornika/ica svjesna rodne tipizacije sportova, utjecaja medija na popularizaciju sporta i marginalizaciju žena u sportu. Sugovornici/ce podržavaju majčinstvo profesionalnih sportašica i njihov povratak na sportske terene nakon poroda. O tome kakav je nastavni plan i program za studentice i studente Kineziološkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu sugovornici/ce ne razmišljaju. Zadatke koje dobivaju tijekom studija ispunjavaju bez pogovora, ne analiziraju i ne propitkuju te su u svakom trenutku usmjereni na postizanje cilja – polaganje ispita. Studenti/ce na nastavu kolegija Nogomet i Ritmička gimnastika dolaze neopterećeni predrasudama o tome je li neki sport više „ženski“ ili „muški“, je li vježbanje na određenom kolegiju prikladno za njih ili nije, je li šut na gol odraz „muškosti“ i jesu li „graciozni“ pokreti dokaz „ženskosti“. U provedbi kvantitativnog dijela istraživanja koristila se metoda ankete te je u dvije točke mjerenja prikupljen 161 valjano ispunjen anketni upitnik. Rezultati kvantitativnih dionica istraživanja pokazuju da sudionici/ce ovog istraživanja, nakon sudjelovanja u tipično muškom i tipično ženskom sportu, pokazuju manje egalitarne stavove prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu. Stavovi o rodnim ulogama na podskalama rodna radna egalitarnost i reproduktivna prava nisu se mijenjali dok su promjene u smjeru rodne neravnopravnosti detektirane na podskalama tradicionalizam i obrazovno-profesionalna egalitarnost. Studentice i u prvom i u drugom valu istraživanja pokazuju egalitarnije stavove od studenata kako prema rodnoj ravnopravnosti sportu tako i prema rodnim ulogama. Na skali rodne neravnopravnosti u sportu i na svim podskalama rodnih stavova nema statistički značajne razlike između sudionika koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Nogomet i onih koji su upisali/odslušali kolegij Ritmička gimnastika. U radu su utvrđeni prediktori rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu i rodnih stavova. Jedini prediktor rodne ravnopravnosti u sportu pokazao se spol. Studentice iskazuju egalitarnije stavove o rodnoj ravnopravnosti u sportu. Prediktor rodnih stavova na svim podskalama je spol dok se religijsko uvjerenje i godina studija pokazuju kao prediktori reproduktivnih prava te veličina naselja u kojoj su sudionici proveli veći dio života kao prediktor tradicionalnih rodnih stavova.Sport and phenomena related to sport are sociologically important because they are connected to the norms and values of the wider society, so the question of the role of sport as a means of creating more gender-equal, i.e. more egalitarian social relations arises in this direction. Using a complex mixed methodology, the kind of reactions male and female students have to the experiences of playing typically male and typically female sports were investigated, and also how such experiences change attitudes about gender equality in sports and the perception of gender roles. Data for the qualitative parts of the research were collected through semi-structured interviews with in-depth elements on a sample of twenty students of the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, and the ethnographic part of the research, during which one group of male students was observed in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes, one group of male students in Football classes, one group of female students in Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and one group of female students in Football classes. The thematic analysis of the data identified five topics: 1. Men's and women's sports, media, female athletes, 2. Curriculum of the Faculty of Kinesiology – everyone everything 3.Football classes 4. Rhythmic Gymnastics classes and 5. After taking the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses. The interviewees are aware of the gender typification of sports, the influence of the media on the popularization of sports and the marginalization of women in sports. Particularly egalitarian views were expressed on the topic of motherhood and sports. The interviewees support the motherhood of professional athletes and their return to sports fields after childbirth. The interviewees do not think about what the curriculum is like for male and female students of the Faculty of Kinesiology at the University of Zagreb. They complete the tasks they receive during their studies without question, they do not analyze or question them, and they are always focused on achieving the goal - passing the exam. Students come to Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics classes unencumbered by prejudices about whether a sport is more "feminine" or "masculine", whether practicing within a certain course is suitable for them or not, whether shooting at a goal is a reflection of "masculinity" and whether "graceful" movements are a proof of "femininity". In the implementation of the quantitative part of the research, a survey method was used, an online survey technique using the Microsoft Forms tool, at two measurement points - at the beginning of the research and after fifteen weeks of the Football and Rhythmic Gymnastics courses attended by the participants. In total, 161 validly completed questionnaires were collected at both measurement points, which were used in further analyses. The results of the quantitative parts of the research show that after participating in typically male and typically female sports, participants show less egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports and that female students in both the first and second waves of the research show more egalitarian attitudes towards gender equality in sports than male students. On the gender inequality scale in sports, there is no statistically significant difference between the participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course. Attitudes towards gender roles on the subscales of gender work egalitarianism and reproductive rights did not change after participating in typically male and typically female sports in the total sample, while changes towards gender inequality were detected on the subscales of traditionalism and educational-professional egalitarianism. Female students expressed more egalitarian attitudes related to gender than male students in both the first and second waves of the study. No statistically significant differences were found between participants who enrolled in/finished the Football course and those who enrolled in/finished the Rhythmic Gymnastics course on the gender attitudes subscales. Predictors of gender equality in sport and gender attitudes were determined in the paper. Sex proved to be the only predictor of gender equality in sport, but also a predictor of gender attitudes on all subscales. This finding suggests that female students are more likely to express gender egalitarian attitudes than male students. Religious belief and year of study were shown to be predictors of reproductive rights; participants in higher years of study and those who are mostly non-religious express more egalitarian attitudes towards women's reproductive rights. The size of the settlement where the participants spent most of their lives proved to be a significant predictor of traditional gender attitudes, where participants from smaller settlements were more likely to express traditional gender attitudes
4th International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology: Science and profession - challenge for the future : proceedings book
In the year 2005, when the University of Zagreb is celebrating the 336th anniversary of its establishment and
the Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb its 46th anniversary, the International Scientifi c Conference
on Kinesiology is being organized for the fourth time. Thus, the proclaimed intention of the organizer, the
Faculty of Kinesiology, to make the Conference a traditional forum for kinesiologists to exchange fi ndings,
ideas, experiences and theories has become a reality. You will probably agree with us that, despite all the
conveniences the modern communication technology has provided, a vivid dialogue, established in personal
contacts of people who share similar vocational interests, is always a unique event and experience. We hope
that the debates on how to foster excellence and joy in sport and exercise and on how to promote PE as an
underpinning activity for sport, competitive and recreational alike, and life-long active life-styles, as well as
discussions on numerous issues regarding human movement, health, exercise and business will bring fruitful
results in form of new ideas and research projects.
The ever-growing body of kinesiology or sport science knowledge is continuously transformed into higher
education curricula which allow graduates and masters of science to become well-educated professionals who
have insights into the recent advances in kinesiology. In Croatia a highly specialized education and training of
sport and PE professionals has a hundred-and-ten-year-old tradition. Based on that long tradition, the Faculty
of Kinesiology has prepared two new university study curricula, adjusted to the Bologna Declaration and the
European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) and has obtained the accreditation to organize them commencing in
academic year 2005/06. The new university graduate and postgraduate doctoral study programmes will enable a
higher level of knowledge of students and will promote a higher two-way mobility of both students and scholars.
The curricula have assimilated the orientation of the members of the Faculty of Kinesiology that the mission
of higher education institutions is viable only in the symbiosis of educational (professional training) and elite
fundamental, developmental and applied research work in the fi elds of general and applied kinesiology and in
the cognate and adjacent, mainly anthropological, scientifi c branches.
The motto of this year’s Conference is “Science and Profession – Challenge for the Future”. It suggests
that the focus of attention is directed towards the inevitable connectedness between everyday practical issues
and professions related to physical exercise and sport, on the one hand, and kinesiological research activities,
theories, insights, fi ndings and inferences on the other. The assembly of kinesiologists from 25 countries
has gathered to discuss diverse biological, medical, biomechanical, psychological, sociological, cultural and
economic aspects of a variety of kinesiological issues presented in 226 papers written by 300 authors.
Besides the contributing authors, much credit for the Conference scientifi c programme goes to the
esteemed invited lecturers, both the plenary and the session introductory speakers, and chairpersons of
particular thematic sessions, and the members of the Scientifi c Programme Committee. Thematically and
methodologically related contributions have been divided into eleven thematic sections (APA and Sport for
the Disabled; Biology and Medicine of Sport and Exercise; Biomechanics; Management of Sport; Physical
Conditioning; Physical Education; Research Methodology; Sociology, History and Philosophy of Sport; Sport
for All, Fitness and Health-related Activities; Sport Psychology; and Top-level Sport), which, in turn, represent
recognizable groups of issues currently prevailing in the scientifi c research dealing with human movement,
sport and exercise activities. Our special thanks go to the reviewers (62) who altruistically engaged their
knowledge, effort, experience and time in making the conference papers consistent and good enough to enable
creative clarifi cation and communication of ideas. Although time restrictions made it impossible to afford indepth
reviews, the authors were requested to undertake revisions whenever it was possible in order to minimize
the rejections. The selection and classifi cation process was performed according to the quality criteria that
primarily regarded novelty and the amount of information, and quality of structure and presentation. Due to
the formal quality and lack of consistency of quite a number of papers, the original idea of reproducing them
Science and Profession - Challenge for the Future
VII
as submitted proved hardly tenable. Therefore, a certain amount of copy-editing has been performed, though
restricted to a minimum and simply in order to achieve a reasonable degree of formal consistency. This has been
a demanding and complex process, performed under serious time pressure. We do apologise for any mistakes
or inconveniences this might have caused.
The Proceedings Book is a reminder of the research fi ndings accomplished in the fi eld of kinesiology, or
sport sciences, or kinetics, or kinanthropology throughout the past three years. The presented papers are a
basis and a probable starting point for new ones since they cover a wide range of anthropological (understood
in the widest sense), methodological and didactic investigations in the areas of physical education, competitive
sport, physical recreation, and physical rehabilitation.
The organizer, the Faculty of Kinesiology tried to make the 4th Conference on Kinesiology comparable to
the quality level of many conferences worldwide. The Dean of the Faculty and the presidents of the Organizing
and Scientifi c Committee wish to express their deep gratitude to all the invited speakers, contributors (authors),
members of the Scientifi c Committee, reviewers, members of the Organizing Committee, members of the
Proceedings Book Editorial Board, and, particularly, to all the Conference Offi ce executives who made the 4th
Conference and the Proceedings Book possible.
Our acknowledgments go to the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts and to its president a Fellow of the
Croatian Academy Milan Moguš, PhD, for their traditional patronage of the Conference. Their support is of great
value to the Faculty because it is a signifi cant recognition of the work done in the domain of kinesiology.
Recognition of the Conference has been also granted by the co-organizer, the Ministry of Science, Education
and Sport of the Republic of Croatia.
We are convinced that the 4th Conference on Kinesiology will affi rm all the effort exerted so far in the
kinesiology and will open new challenges for the future and better cooperation between scientists and the
professionals. To all the Conference participants we wish a productive and benefi cial time and contacts. It is
our hope that new research ideas and projects will emerge from it. We will welcome the forthcoming results
at our next conferences. To those who were not able to actively participate in the Conference work this year,
we offer these Proceedings as an invitation for cooperation of competent partners and for joining us at the 5th
Conference on Kinesiology in three years time
8th international scientific conference on kinesiology: 20th anniversary : proceedings
We are exceptionally happy that we can greet you once more on this occasion. The Faculty of Kinesiology,
as a proud member of the University of Zagreb and a higher education institution that is 57 years old, is
organizing The International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology for the 8th time. Identically as three years
ago, this is a good opportunity to remember some important anniversaries. First of all, this year we celebrate
160 years since Nicolas Dally published his work in 1857 under the title “Kinesiology – Science of Movement
in Relation to Education, Hygiene and Therapy”. This was the first book that introduced Kinesiology
as a science of movement. The second important anniversary is 20 years since the establishment of our
Conference. In 1997 the first International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology was held in Dubrovnik.
Until today a great number of leading experts in the field of contemporary kinesiology were keynote lectures
and presenters of the most important scientific breakthroughs in the field.
Once again, the Conference will be a great opportunity for broadening of scientific insights into this
miraculous, beautiful phenomenon of physical activity and its effects – its perfection when performed by
sport artists, as seen at the XXXI Olympic Games, its joyfulness when happy children enjoy being competent
to be in motion, or when we see eager people who enjoy life and nature because they have enough energy
and they are healthy thanks to an active lifestyle. We are especially proud of the 17th place on the medal
list thanks to the ten Olympic medals won by Croatian athletes.
All fundamental and applied fields of our science will be discussed within 10 tentative sessions and 3
Satellite symposiums. The ultimate purpose of papers or abstracts published in this Proceedings book is
to know and understand human beings and to apply the findings in everyday practice of education, sports,
health promotion, recreation, sports management and kinesitherapy. The Proceedings Book contains 249
contributions, which were submitted by the submission deadline, written by 557 authors from 30 countries
from all over the world. We expect a number of graduate, doctoral and postdoctoral students from Croatia
and abroad for whom the Conference School of Kinesiology for Postgraduate and Doctoral Students will
be organised during the Conference.
From the very beginning the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts has given its highly respected
patronage to the Conference, thus underpinning the recognition of kinesiology in the structure of sciences.
Special thanks go to our partner institutions: Beijing Sports University, China and the Faculty of Sports
Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, to our collaboration institutions: the Lithuanian
University of Educational Sciences, Lithuania, the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
and the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia. We wish to express much
gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, participants, members of the Organisation and Program Committee,
Section Editors, technical support staff, and sponsors for their contributions, time and effort inbuilt in the
quality of the 8th International Conference on Kinesiology and its Proceedings.
We wish success in the conference work to all the participants and a pleasant time in Opatija. Convinced
that the Conference will give the expected impetus to further cooperation between scholars and institutions,
we are looking forward in advance to meeting you again at the 9th International Conference on Kinesiology
in 2020.
Organising Committe
8th international scientific conference on kinesiology: 20th anniversary : proceedings
We are exceptionally happy that we can greet you once more on this occasion. The Faculty of Kinesiology,
as a proud member of the University of Zagreb and a higher education institution that is 57 years old, is
organizing The International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology for the 8th time. Identically as three years
ago, this is a good opportunity to remember some important anniversaries. First of all, this year we celebrate
160 years since Nicolas Dally published his work in 1857 under the title “Kinesiology – Science of Movement
in Relation to Education, Hygiene and Therapy”. This was the first book that introduced Kinesiology
as a science of movement. The second important anniversary is 20 years since the establishment of our
Conference. In 1997 the first International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology was held in Dubrovnik.
Until today a great number of leading experts in the field of contemporary kinesiology were keynote lectures
and presenters of the most important scientific breakthroughs in the field.
Once again, the Conference will be a great opportunity for broadening of scientific insights into this
miraculous, beautiful phenomenon of physical activity and its effects – its perfection when performed by
sport artists, as seen at the XXXI Olympic Games, its joyfulness when happy children enjoy being competent
to be in motion, or when we see eager people who enjoy life and nature because they have enough energy
and they are healthy thanks to an active lifestyle. We are especially proud of the 17th place on the medal
list thanks to the ten Olympic medals won by Croatian athletes.
All fundamental and applied fields of our science will be discussed within 10 tentative sessions and 3
Satellite symposiums. The ultimate purpose of papers or abstracts published in this Proceedings book is
to know and understand human beings and to apply the findings in everyday practice of education, sports,
health promotion, recreation, sports management and kinesitherapy. The Proceedings Book contains 249
contributions, which were submitted by the submission deadline, written by 557 authors from 30 countries
from all over the world. We expect a number of graduate, doctoral and postdoctoral students from Croatia
and abroad for whom the Conference School of Kinesiology for Postgraduate and Doctoral Students will
be organised during the Conference.
From the very beginning the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts has given its highly respected
patronage to the Conference, thus underpinning the recognition of kinesiology in the structure of sciences.
Special thanks go to our partner institutions: Beijing Sports University, China and the Faculty of Sports
Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, to our collaboration institutions: the Lithuanian
University of Educational Sciences, Lithuania, the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
and the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Serbia. We wish to express much
gratitude to all the authors, reviewers, participants, members of the Organisation and Program Committee,
Section Editors, technical support staff, and sponsors for their contributions, time and effort inbuilt in the
quality of the 8th International Conference on Kinesiology and its Proceedings.
We wish success in the conference work to all the participants and a pleasant time in Opatija. Convinced
that the Conference will give the expected impetus to further cooperation between scholars and institutions,
we are looking forward in advance to meeting you again at the 9th International Conference on Kinesiology
in 2020.
Organising Committe
6th International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology: Integrative power of kinesiology : proceedings book
The Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb is organising the International Conference on Kinesiology for the
sixth time. Everything began more than 15 years ago when the initiators – Prof. Milanović, still bursting with new ideas,
and the late Prof. Mraković, started to advocate the idea of an international conference as a forum for kinesiologists or
sport scientists, as a place where their research findings could be presented and discussed, as a meeting point of globally
recognized scientists, or authorities in their field of research and research novices. In those days, in 1997, before the First
Conference in Dubrovnik, it all seemed so surreal. However, this conference is alive; it grows and becomes ever more
sophisticated. Therefore, it is feasible to expect that the forthcoming discussions, talks, dialogues, or whatever kind of idea
exchange will result, as they have until now, with new research ideas, insights, research teams and projects the eventual
outcome of which is further advances in kinesiology and the cognate and adjacent scientific areas.
The motto of this year’s conference is the “Integrative Power of Kinesiology“. It indicates the close relationships
among various scientific fields when they contribute to the promotion of physical exercise and various kinds of physical
activities in the areas of kinesiological education, high performance sports, kinesiological recreation, health-enhanced
kinesiology, kinesitherapy and rehabilitation, sport for physically and mentally challenged persons, school sports, military
kinesiology, and many others.
Simultaneously with the organisation of the 6th Conference, the Faculty of Kinesiology is celebrating the 40th anniversary
of the publication of the scientific journal KINESIOLOGY. Nowadays it is a recognized international scientific journal
with an IF of 0.525 for the year 2010.
The Conference and the journal KINESIOLOGY have contributed considerably to the affirmation of the name
“kinesiology” in the neighbouring European areas. Although both are focused on science, the Conference and the
accompanying regular KINESIOLOGY International Editorial Board meetings have also been opportunities for scholars
and institution delegates from all over the world to establish close personal contacts, thus opening doors for joint research
projects. The basic scientific concept of the Conference, with the working sections that cover the fundamental and
applicative disciplines of kinesiology, has been kept from the beginning. This year’s conference will have 12 oral and
poster sections in the framework of which the delegates will present 220 full text contributions and abstracts written by
300 authors from 32 countries. Each presented and published paper or abstract has been subjected to a review process
performed by at least two prominent referees.
For the first time the Conference is hosting a satellite symposium HEPA (Health Enhanced Physical Activity). The
purpose of the symposium is to inform delegates from the neighbouring countries, which have not yet become HEPA
association member countries, with the basic principles and directives of the movement and to encourage them to
become promoters of the idea of health-oriented physical activity in their communities. The World Health Organization
has stimulated the design of the Croatian National Action Plan for the implementation and improvement of HEPA in the
Republic of Croatia. A presentation of the Action Plan and the planned round table should also be stimulating to colleagues
to undertake similar steps in their communities.
From the very beginning the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts has given its highly respected patronage
to the Conference, thus underpinning the recognition of kinesiology in the structure of sciences. The organisation of
such conferences would not be viable without the powerful support from the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education
and Sport and the University of Zagreb. The patronage and support are indicators of a notable position the Conference
and its organiser, the Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb (established in 1959), have in the Croatian academic
and research community.
We wish to express much gratitude to all the authors of the papers, reviewers, conference participants, members
of the Organisation Committee, Section Leaders, Section Secretaries, technical support staff, and sponsors for their
contributions, time and effort inbuilt in the quality of the 6th Conference on Kinesiology and its Proceedings. Our special
gratitude goes to the Croatian Office of the World Health Organization.
We wish success in the conference work to all the participants and enjoyable time in Opatija. We are convinced the
Conference will give the expected impetus to further cooperation between scholars and institutions. Looking forward in
advance to meeting you again at the 7th International Conference on Kinesiology in 2014
6th International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology: Integrative power of kinesiology : proceedings book
The Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb is organising the International Conference on Kinesiology for the
sixth time. Everything began more than 15 years ago when the initiators – Prof. Milanović, still bursting with new ideas,
and the late Prof. Mraković, started to advocate the idea of an international conference as a forum for kinesiologists or
sport scientists, as a place where their research findings could be presented and discussed, as a meeting point of globally
recognized scientists, or authorities in their field of research and research novices. In those days, in 1997, before the First
Conference in Dubrovnik, it all seemed so surreal. However, this conference is alive; it grows and becomes ever more
sophisticated. Therefore, it is feasible to expect that the forthcoming discussions, talks, dialogues, or whatever kind of idea
exchange will result, as they have until now, with new research ideas, insights, research teams and projects the eventual
outcome of which is further advances in kinesiology and the cognate and adjacent scientific areas.
The motto of this year’s conference is the “Integrative Power of Kinesiology“. It indicates the close relationships
among various scientific fields when they contribute to the promotion of physical exercise and various kinds of physical
activities in the areas of kinesiological education, high performance sports, kinesiological recreation, health-enhanced
kinesiology, kinesitherapy and rehabilitation, sport for physically and mentally challenged persons, school sports, military
kinesiology, and many others.
Simultaneously with the organisation of the 6th Conference, the Faculty of Kinesiology is celebrating the 40th anniversary
of the publication of the scientific journal KINESIOLOGY. Nowadays it is a recognized international scientific journal
with an IF of 0.525 for the year 2010.
The Conference and the journal KINESIOLOGY have contributed considerably to the affirmation of the name
“kinesiology” in the neighbouring European areas. Although both are focused on science, the Conference and the
accompanying regular KINESIOLOGY International Editorial Board meetings have also been opportunities for scholars
and institution delegates from all over the world to establish close personal contacts, thus opening doors for joint research
projects. The basic scientific concept of the Conference, with the working sections that cover the fundamental and
applicative disciplines of kinesiology, has been kept from the beginning. This year’s conference will have 12 oral and
poster sections in the framework of which the delegates will present 220 full text contributions and abstracts written by
300 authors from 32 countries. Each presented and published paper or abstract has been subjected to a review process
performed by at least two prominent referees.
For the first time the Conference is hosting a satellite symposium HEPA (Health Enhanced Physical Activity). The
purpose of the symposium is to inform delegates from the neighbouring countries, which have not yet become HEPA
association member countries, with the basic principles and directives of the movement and to encourage them to
become promoters of the idea of health-oriented physical activity in their communities. The World Health Organization
has stimulated the design of the Croatian National Action Plan for the implementation and improvement of HEPA in the
Republic of Croatia. A presentation of the Action Plan and the planned round table should also be stimulating to colleagues
to undertake similar steps in their communities.
From the very beginning the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts has given its highly respected patronage
to the Conference, thus underpinning the recognition of kinesiology in the structure of sciences. The organisation of
such conferences would not be viable without the powerful support from the Croatian Ministry of Science, Education
and Sport and the University of Zagreb. The patronage and support are indicators of a notable position the Conference
and its organiser, the Faculty of Kinesiology University of Zagreb (established in 1959), have in the Croatian academic
and research community.
We wish to express much gratitude to all the authors of the papers, reviewers, conference participants, members
of the Organisation Committee, Section Leaders, Section Secretaries, technical support staff, and sponsors for their
contributions, time and effort inbuilt in the quality of the 6th Conference on Kinesiology and its Proceedings. Our special
gratitude goes to the Croatian Office of the World Health Organization.
We wish success in the conference work to all the participants and enjoyable time in Opatija. We are convinced the
Conference will give the expected impetus to further cooperation between scholars and institutions. Looking forward in
advance to meeting you again at the 7th International Conference on Kinesiology in 2014