Sustainability of the US current account deficit: An econometric analysis of the impact of capital inflow on domestic economy

The purpose of this paper is to estimate, by using the recent econometric techniques of unit root testing and Johansen-Juselius cointegration technique (1990), the impact of foreign capital inflow on the volume and efficiency of domestic investment in the United States during the period, 1973-1999. A battery of diagnostic tests is employed to check the validity and robustness of the estimated results. Evidence suggests that capital inflows have had a significant positive effect on the volume of US investment, but the effect on the efficiency of investment has been minimal. These findings imply that, while achieving current account balance is important, it is equally important to sustain and augment the beneficial impact of capital inflow by creating a more conducive investment climate. Given our limited ability to influence current account balance, this seems to be a more pragmatic policy option for dealing with the US current account imbalance.current account, capital inflow

Metodologi Pendidikan Al-ibrah Dalam Al-qur\u27an: Kajian Historis-paedagogis Terhadap Kisah Nabi Ibrahim Dalam Surat Maryam Ayat 42-48

Ibrah is a condition in which someone reach an abstract knowledge from a concrete onethrough observation and contemplation to know the core of certain problem by observing, testifying, considering, measuring and deciding logically until having the conclusion that can affect someone\u27s heart to obey Allah. In Al Quran, there are various instances of Ibrah depend on the object of ibrah itself such as in the form of story, story of Allah\u27s creatures, story of His grace, and also in the form of historical events. One of ibrah that is found in Al Quran is a dialogue between Prophet Ibrahim and his father in Surah Maryam verse 42-48

MHAV: multitier heterogeneous adaptive vehicular network with LTE and DSRC

Enabling cooperation between vehicles form vehicular networks, which provide safety, traffic efficiency and infotainment. The most vital of these applications require reliability and low latency. Considering these requirements, this paper presents a multitier heterogeneous adaptive vehicular (MHAV) network. Comprising of transport operator or authority owned vehicles in high tier and all the other privately owned vehicles in low tier, integrating cellular network with dedicated short range communications. The proposed framework is implemented and evaluated in Glasgow city center model. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture outperforms previous multitier architectures in terms of latency while offloading traffic from cellular networks

Phase-coexisting patterns, horizontal segregation and controlled convection in vertically vibrated binary granular mixtures

We report new patterns, consisting of coexistence of sub-harmonic/harmonic and asynchronous states [for example, a granular gas co-existing with (i) bouncing bed, (ii) undulatory subharmonic waves and (iii) Leidenfrost-like state], in experiments on vertically vibrated binary granular mixtures in a Heleshaw-type cell. Most experiments have been carried out with equimolar binary mixtures of glass and steel balls of same diameter by varying the total layer-height ($F$) for a range of shaking acceleration ($\Gamma$). All patterns as well as the related phase-diagram in the ($\Gamma, F$)-plane have been reproduced via molecular dynamics simulations of the same system. The segregation of heavier and lighter particles along the horizontal direction is shown to be the progenitor of such phase-coexisting patterns as confirmed in both experiment and simulation. At strong shaking we uncover a {\it partial} convection state in which a pair of convection rolls is found to coexist with a Leidenfrost-like state. The crucial role of the relative number density of two species on controlling the buoyancy-driven granular convection is demonstrated. A possible model for spontaneous horizontal segregation is suggested based on anisotropic diffusion

Strategi Sistem Full Day School dalam Membentuk Empati Siswa

IndonesiaPendahuluan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk menggambarkan strategi yang diterapkan oleh SD Plus Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiyyah Kota Batu sebagai sekolah dasar bersistem full day school dalam membentuk empati siswa. Metode: Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif. Hasil: Pelaksanaan sekolah bersistem full day school dilaksanakan dari pagi hingga sore hari.Sekolah menerapkan beberapa kegiatan berupa pembiasaan untuk membentuk empati siswa, yaitu melalui pembiasaan menyantap menu makan yang sederhana, mengambil porsi makan sesuai jatah masing-masing, membagikan makanan, kebiasaan berbaris dengan rapi sebelum masuk kelas, dan mengantri ketika mengambil wudhu. Selain itu terdapat kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dalam setiap minggu dan setiap tahun, yaitu Infaq Jum\u27at, Bumbung Ramadhan, dan kunjungan ke panti asuhan. Kesimpulan: Beberapakegiatan rutin tersebut telah berhasil membentuk empati siswa. EnglishIntroduction: This research aims to describe the strategies of SD Plus Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiyyah Kota Batu as the full day elementary school to form the students\u27 good character. Method: The method that used in this research is qualitative. Result: The research showed that the school\u27s activity begin in the morning and end in evening, the school applies some activities as the habits to form the students\u27 good character. There are making habit the students eat simple meals, taking the meals based on their portion, sharing the meals to other friends, making in well-organized line before enter to classroom, and making line when take ablution. In order, there are some weekly and yearly activities, such as Infaq Jum\u27at, Bumbung Ramadhan, and visiting some orphanages. Conclusion: The regularly activities had been success to form students\u27 good character

BUMN Dan Penguasaan Negara Di Bidang Ketenagalistrikan

Tenaga listrik merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting bagi masyarakat dewasa ini. Kebutuhan terhadap tenaga listrik terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu sesuai dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, dan sumber daya manusia. Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 (UUD 1945) penguasaan ketenagalistrikan berada dalam penguasaan negara. Dimana dalam pasal 33 ayat (2) UUD 1945 dinyatakan: "Cabang-cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan yang menguasai hidup orang banyak dikuasai oleh negara." Namun sebagian penguasaan negara terhadap energi kelistrikan dianulir oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2009 tentang Ketenagalistrikan, misalnya dalam Pasal 11 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2009 tentang Ketenagalistrikan menyatakan: "Usaha penyediaan tenaga listrik untuk kepentingan umum sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 10 ayat (1) dilaksanakan oleh badan USAha milik negara, badan USAha milik daerah, badan USAha swasta, koperasi, dan swadaya masyarakat yang berusaha di bidang penyediaan tenaga listrik." Namun dengan ditetapkan putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi perkara nomor: 111/PUU-XIII/2015, penguasaan negara dan BUMN di bidang ketenagalistrikan kembali dikukuhkan dan dikuatkan dengan putusan tersebut.Electric power is one important requirement for today's society. The need for power is growing from time to time in accordance with developments in science, technology, and human resources. In the Constitution of 1945 (UUD 1945) mastery of electricity in the possession of the state. Where in the Article 33 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution states: "The branches of production that are important to the state and which are controlled by the state." But most of the state's control of the electrical energy annulled by Act Number 30 of 2009 on Electricity, for example in Article 11 paragraph (1) of Law Number 30 Year 2009 on electricity states: "enterprises electricity supply to the public interest as referred to in Article 10 paragraph (1) conducted by state-owned enterprises, local owned enterprises, entities private enterprises, cooperatives, and non-government organizations are endeavoring in the field of electricity supply." But with the Constitutional Court decision determined case number: 111/PUU-XIII/2015, control of the state and state-owned electricity sector re-confirmed and strengthened by the decision

Stateowned Enterprise and Public Service Obligation in the Sector of Oil and Gas

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia regulates natural recources in its particular article. Then, the Energy Law and the Oil and Gas Law regulate the state's control of oil and natural gas. In the sectoral regulations of oil and gas, there is a public service obligation (PSO) which must be assumed by the Government and State Owned Enterprises (SOE). Meanwhile, in the SOE Law introduced entity Perum and Persero. Where in Perum entities carrying out public service, while the Persero entity to assume the role for profit. But in practice found a PSO on the oil and gas sector carried by state-run entities Persero. IntisariDalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 diatur penguasaan negara terhadap sumber daya alam. Kemudian UU Enegi dan UU Minyak dan Gas Bumi mengatur penguasaan negara terhadap minyak dan gas bumi. Dalam pengaturan sektoral di bidang tersebut juga mengatur kewajiban pelayanan umum yang harus diemban oleh pemerintah dan BUMN. Sementara itu dalam UU BUMN diperkenalkan entitas Perusahaan Umum (Perum) dan Perseroan Terbatas (Persero). Dimana entitas Perum mengemban peran pelayanan umum (public service), sementara entitas Persero mengemban peran mencari keuntungan (profit oriented). Namun dalam praktek ditemukan kewajiban pelayanan umum pada sektor minyak dan gas bumi diemban oleh BUMN dengan entitas Persero

Liberalization Policy: 'Fits & Starts' or Gradual Change in India

In this paper we assess the impact of external economic liberalization in India on the transmission of aggregate shocks. We examine the relative importance of domestic and external shocks and capture their feedback effects by estimating an eight variable vector autoregression (VAR) model. We also test two propositions regarding the nature of India's liberalization policy: 1) under intermittency (or fits and starts') the transmission of aggregate shocks in the post-reform period is compared with two pre-reform periods; and 2) under gradualism the transmission of aggregate shocks over three consecutive episodes of economic reform are compared. Our test first consists of a simple regression analysis using output, interest rates, and prices for India and its world counterparts. The analysis is extended to include dummy variables and distributed lags method. Finally, we apply the recursive regression method and Chow-tests to uncover breaks in the estimated parameters. The preponderance of evidence suggests that India's liberalization policy has followed a continuous and smooth path, at least since the mid 1970s