Camouflage Assessment of Aluminium Coated Textiles for Woodland and Desertland Combat Background in Visible and Infrared Spectrum under UV Vis IR Background Illumination

Aluminium powder (AP) formulated polyamide 6, 6 (PA 6, 6), cotton fabric and hollow tubular polyester beg (HTPB) were experimented for spectral, chromatic and imaging principle of woodland and desertland camouflage textiles in visible (Vis) and infrared (IR) spectrum under three-dimensional background illumination of ultraviolet (UV)-Vis-IR for concealment and detection of target signature, AP formulated fabric practiced by defense professional. Cotton and polyamide 6, 6 fabric, HTPB were coated and padded with AP powder formulated polyurethane (PU) based binder. Reflection profile of woodland combat background (CB) and coated-padded textiles have been depicted in terms of multidimensional illumination properties of Vis imaging such as chromatic intensity, spectral reflection, Kubelka-Munk (K-M) reflectance, color rendering and photonic response. A symmetrical chromatic value (L*, a*, b*) of AP coated fabric has been portrayed for concealment of target signature against woodland CB. Spectral reflection, chromatic illumination, K-M reflectance and scanning electron microscopy have also been critically confirmed five-time durability of color fastness to wash, tested by AATCC method 61-2013. HTPB-phase change material (PCM) formulation has been found temperature controllable effect of target object (TOB) in terms of heat energy at limited temperature, 30°C. Heat energy versus target concealment of IR imaging principle can be implemented for high-performance camouflage textiles design. The reflection profile of AP coated fabric can be applied for multidimensional camouflage coloration/patterning/HTPB-PCM based IR camouflage technology and direct applications of defence pavilion/tents/clothing against woodland/desertland CB. Therefore, the key phenomenon of this article has been focused on remote sensing properties of eucalyptus tree, scientific name, Eucalyptus Mannifera, a common CB of woodland and AP formulated fabric for defence application against woodland and desertland CB in terms of concealment of defence surveillance under consideration of laboratory and field trialling of woodland and desertland camouflage textiles assessment in Vis-IR spectrum. Therefore, a standardised methodology of camouflage textiles assessment for CDRI has been established under a new technique with conformist machine and technology which may be a new contribution to carry out further research and development for the fighting protection in combat environment under maintaining a standardized sequence from laboratory trialling to field experimentation in a limited timeframe of research

Homestay for Community Based Tourism Development at Kampung Jelawang in Kelantan, Malaysia

Community-based tourism (CBT) can ensure environmental, social and cultural sustainability of an area. The Malaysian homestay program was announced officially as a CBT product in 1995. Jelawang is one of the officially registered villages of Kelantan for homestay accommodations. Local people lifestyles, cultural heritage, traditional food, and local musical performances are attracting the guests of home stay accommodations in this village. The present study analyzes the potentials and opportunities of CBT development at Jelawang based on homestay accommodation through stakeholder consultations and communities perception. CBT implementation depends on the active participation of stakeholders- local communities, tourism organizations, and government institutions. The potentials situations of Jelawang to develop CBT activities are biodiversity, water catchments, ecotourism potential, ecosystem, environmental education, nature recreation, and easy access. The study recommended several initiatives including tourism packages, identified products, pricing and promotion, modified homestay, develop communication skill, training and research initiatives for CBT development at Jelawang. Finally, effective planning, financial allocation, managerial efficiency, and proper community participation will be ensuring CBT development at Jelawang which will benefit the local communities through their social and economic well beings

A Practical Guideline of Few Standardized Ready Made Shades of Natural Dyed Textiles

Marigold flower Tagetes erecta L., Arjuna Bark Terminalia Arjuna, Eucalyptus leaves Eucalyptus Radiata, Peach/Jam Leaves Acacia acuminata, Pecker leaves Cinnamomum tamala, Guava leaves Psidium guajava, Basil leaves Ocimum basilicum, Jackfruit wood Artocarpus heterophyllus, Catachu fruit Senegalia Catechu, Bohera fruit Terminalia bellirica, Betel nut fruit Areca catechu, Haritaki fruit Terminalia chebula, Mahogany fruit peel, Mahogany seed peel, and Mahogany seed Swietenia macrophylla are the common natural sources in Bangladesh, an Asian country which were experimented in terms of mordanting free natural coloration on cotton fabric under conceptual confirmation of referred journal where author has been picked the idea from the generation of available shade in his research laboratory and tested from different laboratories and it may be establish as mordant free natural dyeing for specific colorant on the basis of color fastness and shading behaviors. Fifteen standardized Ready Made Shade (RMS) has been presented with CIE color parameters, color fastness, wash fastness, and light fastness grading. A reproducing guideline for every Ready Made Shade (RMS) has been mentioned in this chapter

Perception of Non-Muslim Customers Towards Islamic Banking: A Study in Northern Part of Bangladesh

Product and services provided by Islamic banking are gaining popularity among not only among Muslim customers but also among non-Muslims across the world due to its wider products coverage and ability to pass through the global economic melt- down However to what extent this statement is true in the context of Bangladesh needs focus and hence this research aims to investigate the perception of non-Muslim customers about the products and services provided by Islamic banking in Bangladesh A total of 12 actual respondents participated in the survey at selected areas in the northern part of Bangladesh The result of the study showed that the perception of non-Muslims regarding Islamic banking is positive and it s gaining popularity day by day Non-Muslims in some cases have knowledge of Islamic banking products and services Taking these mixed responses i e little awareness but positive perceptions further efforts need to be taken to promote the level of consciousness about Islamic banking among non-Muslims in northern part of Bangladesh and throughout the countr

Cognitive and Affect Outcomes of Group Learning among Secondary Learners in Bangladesh

AbstractGroup learning (GL) is well recognized as a successful pedagogy in mathematics education. The purpose of this research study was to compare the effects of GL and conventional learning on 2-aspect: cognitive outcome ‘mathematics achievement’ and affect outcome ‘attitudes toward mathematics’ among secondary learners in Bangladesh. Quasi-experimental design was administered for the experiment with 168 full-time students into 2-group: an experimental (EG) group (n=84) and a control (CG) group (n=84). EG was exposed to GL treatment while CG was taught using conventional learning method for the duration of 15-week. Data were collected using students’ mathematics achievement test and attitudes toward mathematics questionnaire. Both EG and CG were compared using independent-sample t-test. It was found that GL had significant effect on mathematics achievement [t (166)=34.25, p<0.05] and attitudes toward mathematics [t (166)=49.72, p<0.05]. The MANOVA with repeated measure was employed to determine the main and interaction effect of GL on test-time and achievement. The multivariate tests indicated a significant main effect of time, Wilks’ Lambda=0.065, F (1, 166)=2373.307, p=0.000, η2=0.935; a significant interaction effect of GL by time, Wilks’ Lambda=0.310, F (1, 166)=369.802, p=0.000, η2=0.690. These findings suggest that GL is more effective than conventional learning in mathematics teaching. As such GL can be effectively incorporated to improve students’ mathematics performance in secondary schools in Bangladesh

Multipurpose medical assistant robot (Docto-Bot) based on internet of things

The world's population is growing every day, and so is the number of patients. People's life expectancy is increasing due to technology's welfare, but the problem is that the health sector has always faced a shortage of inadequate doctors. This research main objective was to design and implement a biomedical-based medical assistant robot named "Docto-Bot" to deal with this problem. This research concerns this medical assistant robot's design and development for the disabled and the patients in need. Such a robot's prime utilization is to minimize person-to-person contact and ensure the cleaning, sterilization, and support in hospitals and similar facilities such as quarantine. This prototype robot consists of a medicine reminding and medicine providing system, Automatic hand sanitizer and IoT based physiological monitoring system (body temperature, pulse rate, ECG, Oxygen saturation level). A direct one-to-one server-based communication method and user-end android app maintaining system designed. It also included the controlling part, which control automatically and manually by users. Docto-Bot will play a very significant factor in bio-medical robot applications. Though the achievements described in the paper look fruitful and advanced, shortcomings still exist

Evaluation of Camouflage Coloration of Polyamide-6,6 Fabric by Comparing Simultaneous Spectrum in Visible and Near-Infrared Region for Defense Applications

Polyamide-6,6 (PA-6,6) knitted fabric was coated with a complex combination of liquid-phase oxidized carbon black pigment (CBP) as light absorber and mono-sulfonated telon violet 3R (TVR) as acid dyes. Nitric acid (NA) moiety was used as liquid-phase oxidation of CBP and hydrophilic transformation of CBP-TVR. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were formulated as cross-linker between composite mixture (CM) and PA-6,6 fabric. Six different CMs were coded for coating of PA-6, 6 fabric such as TPU-DMF, CBP-TPU-DMF, TVR-TPU-DMF, CBP-TVR-TPU-DMF, NA-TVR-TPU-DMF, NA-CBP-TVR-TPU-DMF. Structural, chromatic, and spectral reflection of CM coated PA-6,6 fabric was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, color measurement spectrophotometer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. CBP formulated PA-6,6 fabric was significantly remarked as maximum light absorber in both visible and near-infrared spectrum without allowing other parameters of treated PA-6,6 fabric. Therefore, minimum light reflection principle of CBP was indicated as camouflage material for camouflage textile coloration/finishing/patterning of simultaneous spectrum probe in visible and near-infrared spectrum. PA-6,6 fabric is very common fabrication for defense clothing, weapon, and vehicle netting against every combat background. This approach of simultaneous spectrum probe may be extended for concealment of target signature against high-performance defense surveillance

Molecular Phylogeny and Predicted 3D Structure of Plant beta

beta-D-N-Acetylhexosaminidase, a family 20 glycosyl hydrolase, catalyzes the removal of β-1,4-linked N-acetylhexosamine residues from oligosaccharides and their conjugates. We constructed phylogenetic tree of β-hexosaminidases to analyze the evolutionary history and predicted functions of plant hexosaminidases. Phylogenetic analysis reveals the complex history of evolution of plant β-hexosaminidase that can be described by gene duplication events. The 3D structure of tomato β-hexosaminidase (β-Hex-Sl) was predicted by homology modeling using 1now as a template. Structural conformity studies of the best fit model showed that more than 98% of the residues lie inside the favoured and allowed regions where only 0.9% lie in the unfavourable region. Predicted 3D structure contains 531 amino acids residues with glycosyl hydrolase20b domain-I and glycosyl hydrolase20 superfamily domain-II including the (β/α)8 barrel in the central part. The α and β contents of the modeled structure were found to be 33.3% and 12.2%, respectively. Eleven amino acids were found to be involved in ligand-binding site; Asp(330) and Glu(331) could play important roles in enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The predicted model provides a structural framework that can act as a guide to develop a hypothesis for β-Hex-Sl mutagenesis experiments for exploring the functions of this class of enzymes in plant kingdom