Quartiers anciens dédiés au tourisme et aux loisirs en Chine. Pratiques et représentations des usagers de NanTangLaoJie à Ningbo

Cet article explore la question des transformations des quartiers anciens en Chine. La contribution s’intéresse aux pratiques et représentations des usagers de NanTangLaoJie, un quartier de la ville de Ningbo, située sur la côte est chinoise. Ce quartier est emblématique de la situation de nombreux quartiers anciens du pays, soit un secteur dont ont été délogés les résidents permanents, qui a été entièrement restauré, voire reconstruit et qui est aujourd’hui dédié au tourisme et aux loisirs. Des entretiens directifs menés auprès des usagers du quartier permettent de mettre en avant des pratiques similaires (se balader, photographier, manger, faire du shopping) peu importe la catégorie d’individus concernés. Le matériau discursif permet aussi de dégager des représentations du patrimoine contrastées.This paper explores the question of the transformations of old districts in China. The contribution focuses on the practices and representations of users of NanTangLaoJie, a district of Ningbo, a city located on the east coast of China. This district is emblematic of the situation of many old Chinese districts: an area from which the permanent residents have been evicted, which has been completely restored, even rebuilt and which is now dedicated to tourism and leisure. Structured interviews conducted with users of the district allow to highlight similar practices (walking around, taking pictures, eating, shopping) regardless of the category of individuals involved. Interviews also make it possible to identify contrasting representations of heritage

Jeunes pères vulnérables : Trajectoires de vie et paternité

Le présent article porte sur des récits de vie thématiques de jeunes pères en contexte d’exclusion. Il rend compte de leur enfance et adolescence, de leur relation avec la mère de leur enfant et de leur parcours d’insertion socioprofessionnelle. Il fait état de la façon dont ils exercent et se représentent leur paternité. Même si les pères rencontrés ne sont pas tous engagés de la même manière dans leur paternité, l’image du nouveau père ressort davantage de leur discours que celle du père traditionnel. Pour expliciter les différences entre les pères et contribuer à la conceptualisation de la paternité, une typologie de la paternité est proposée. Elle se présente sous forme d’un continuum allant d’une paternité désinvestie (en suspension) à une paternité ancrée (en continu).This article discusses thematic life stories of young excluded fathers. It provides an account of the fathers’ childhood and adolescence periods, their relationships with the mothers of their children, and their pathways to social and vocational integration. The article also gives an account of how they exercise and see their fatherhood. What stands out in the discourse of these fathers is the image of the new father rather than the traditional father, even though they are not all involved in fatherhood in the same way. To elucidate the differences among fathers and contribute to the conceptualisation of fatherhood, a typology of fatherhood is proposed that follows a continuum from uncommitted (in suspension) to anchored (continuous) fatherhood

Patient «difficile» ou «relation difficile»: Comment agir en physiothérapie?

Travail d’intégration présenté en vue de l’obtention du grade de physiothérapeute en Maîtrise en physiothérapieProblématique: Plusieurs professionnels de la physiothérapie éprouvent des difficultés à traiter certains patients qu’ils qualifient de «difficiles». Ils manquent d’outils assurant une prise en charge globale de ces patients et cela peut créer un sentiment d’impuissance ou encore de frustration. Objectifs: L’objectif de ce travail est de donner des recommandations aux professionnels de la physiothérapie pour gérer différentes clientèles «difficiles» en tenant compte des normes éthiques et réglementaires encadrant leur pratique. Méthode: Une revue de cadrage, ainsi qu’une analyse éthique de quatre histoires de cas mettent en évidence certains enjeux éthiques et cliniques ainsi que des stratégies permettant une meilleure prise en charge de patients «difficiles» auxquels font face les professionnels. Résultats: Les principales recommandations proposées, sans être exhaustives, sont l’approche centrée sur le patient et le maintien d’une relation de confiance. L’approche centrée sur le patient favorise une relation thérapeutique saine et de partenariat avec les patients «difficiles». Aussi, les professionnels doivent assurer leur devoir déontologique de favoriser le bien-être du patient et d’éviter de lui nuire. Ils doivent être conscients de l’influence de leurs attitudes et comportements sur le patient ainsi que sur la relation thérapeutique. Conclusion: Avec ces recommandations, les professionnels seront en mesure d’effectuer une analyse critique, dont le but est d’améliorer leur prise en charge du patient «difficile» en fonction des besoins cliniques tout en respectant les droits du patient

Portrait of driving practice following a mild stroke : a secondary analysis of a chart audit

Background: The majority of individuals who have had a mild stroke are discharged home from acute care. Yet, the proportion who are assessed for driving ability and given related recommendations is unknown. Objective: To describe acute care practice related to driving among individuals whose discharge location is home. Methods: A secondary analysis of data from a chart audit was realized in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Data were retrieved from the charts by trained extractors. Evaluation practice was described according to whether the driving assessment was specific or nonspecific to driving (cognitive, perceptual and visual functions). Descriptive statistics were used. Results: The sample consisted of 419 charts of individuals with a mean age of 70.5 ± 13.3 years old. Mean length of hospital stay was 10.3 ± 13.3 days. Specific driving assessment was documented among 26/419 (6.2%) charts while for seven of these, the assessment was considered full. Meanwhile, 92/419 (22.0%) were considered as problematic for driving a vehicle. Nonspecific driving assessment was documented among 70/419 (16.7%), 43/419 (10.3%) and 33/419 (7.9%) of charts for cognitive, perceptual and visual functions, respectively. Charts were characterized by several missing data relating to driving. Conclusion: The proportion of charts documenting driving restriction post-stroke in acute care was very low. Assuming that all driving discussions and referrals were captured in the charts (which may not be the case), our results would indicate an important gap in acute care practice as compared to best practices relating to driving post-stroke

Antenatal diagnosis of intrauterine infection with coxsackievirus B3 associated with live birth.

BACKGROUND: Prior reported cases of stillbirth and neonates infected with enteroviruses suggest transplacental infection. We present a case of fetal infection with coxsackievirus B3, diagnosed antenatally and resulting in live birth. CASE: A pregnant woman presented at 26 weeks with fetal tachycardia and non-immune hydrops fetalis. Coxsackievirus B3 was cultured from amniotic fluid. Maternal antibody to coxsackievirus B3 was positive at 1:512. At 32 weeks, the fetus deteriorated and was delivered. Cord blood antibody to coxsackievirus B3 was positive at a higher titer. Following neonatal death, brain and placental tissues were positive for enterovirus ribonucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSION: Intrauterine infection by enteroviruses should be considered in the differential diagnosis of non-immune hydrops fetalis. Antenatal diagnosis of coxsackievirus B3 infection is associated with poor outcome

Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dental units waterlines can be divided in two distinct groups, including one displaying phenotypes similar to isolates from cystic fibrosis patients.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa displays broad genetic diversity, giving it an astonishing capacity to adapt to a variety of environments and to infect a wide range of hosts. While many P. aeruginosa isolates of various origins have been analyzed, isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have received the most attention. Less is known about the genetic and phenotypic diversity of P. aeruginosa isolates that colonize other environments where flourishing biofilms can be found. In the present study, 29 P. aeruginosa isolates from dental unit waterlines and CF patients were collected and their genetic and phenotypes profiles were compared to determine whether environmental and clinical isolates are related. The isolates were first classified using the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. This made it possible to distribute the isolates into one clinical cluster and two environmental clusters. The isolates in the environmental cluster that were genetically closer to the clinical cluster also displayed phenotypes similar to the clinical isolates. The isolates from the second environmental cluster displayed opposite phenotypes, particularly an increased capacity to form biofilms. The isolates in this cluster were also the only ones harboring genes that encoded specific epimerases involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides, which could explain their increased ability to form biofilms. In conclusion, the isolates from the dental unit waterlines could be distributed into two clusters, with some of the environmental isolates resembled the clinical isolates. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, cluster, RAPD, elastase, biofilm, Dictyostelium discoideum, cell lysi

Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats.

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Wong, A. P. S., Wijffels, S. E., Riser, S. C., Pouliquen, S., Hosoda, S., Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Johnson, G. C., Martini, K., Murphy, D. J., Scanderbeg, M., Bhaskar, T. V. S. U., Buck, J. J. H., Merceur, F., Carval, T., Maze, G., Cabanes, C., Andre, X., Poffa, N., Yashayaev, I., Barker, P. M., Guinehut, S., Belbeoch, M., Ignaszewski, M., Baringer, M. O., Schmid, C., Lyman, J. M., McTaggart, K. E., Purkey, S. G., Zilberman, N., Alkire, M. B., Swift, D., Owens, W. B., Jayne, S. R., Hersh, C., Robbins, P., West-Mack, D., Bahr, F., Yoshida, S., Sutton, P. J. H., Cancouet, R., Coatanoan, C., Dobbler, D., Juan, A. G., Gourrion, J., Kolodziejczyk, N., Bernard, V., Bourles, B., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Le Reste, S., Le Traon, P., Rannou, J., Saout-Grit, C., Speich, S., Thierry, V., Verbrugge, N., Angel-Benavides, I. M., Klein, B., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P., Velez-Belchi, P., Suga, T., Ando, K., Iwasaska, N., Kobayashi, T., Masuda, S., Oka, E., Sato, K., Nakamura, T., Sato, K., Takatsuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Cowley, R., Lovell, J. L., Oke, P. R., van Wijk, E. M., Carse, F., Donnelly, M., Gould, W. J., Gowers, K., King, B. A., Loch, S. G., Mowat, M., Turton, J., Rama Rao, E. P., Ravichandran, M., Freeland, H. J., Gaboury, I., Gilbert, D., Greenan, B. J. W., Ouellet, M., Ross, T., Tran, A., Dong, M., Liu, Z., Xu, J., Kang, K., Jo, H., Kim, S., & Park, H. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 700, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00700.In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.AW, SR, and other scientists at the University of Washington (UW) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320063 to the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) at the UW. SW and other scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA19OAR4320074 (CINAR/WHOI Argo). The Scripps Institution of Oceanography's role in Argo was supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320071 (CIMEC). Euro-Argo scientists were supported by the Monitoring the Oceans and Climate Change with Argo (MOCCA) project, under the Grant Agreement EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.1/SI2.709624 for the European Commission

Sharing Space in Tourism Places: a Study of Interrelationships in Sarlat, France

International audienceWhile the relationships between hosts and guests are still frequently thought of in terms of a conflicting opposition between two groups, this article intends to question the co-presence and the sharing of space at work in heritagized and touristified cities. Based on a fieldwork conducted in Sarlat, a city with a very pronouced seasonality in tourism, we argue that the willingness to share the space, even though it is linked to the status of people in relation to the place (tourists / inhabitants), also depends on other factors (socio-economic profiles, attachment to place, territorial anchor, etc.). In this sense, our hypothesis is that the concepts of social and cultural capital, originally developed by the sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, associated to the concept of indigenous capital proposed by Jean-Noël Retière, which reintegrates the spatial dimension at the heart of the concept of capital, can help to refine the understanding of the dynamics and socio-spatial stakes that come into play in touristified cities. We postulate that the input brought by those various types of capitals activates an interesting dialogue between tourism studies and social geography by apprehending the spatial dimension of social reality in a tourism context

La petite ville touristique : espace de cohabitation ou espace en temps partagé ? L’exemple de Sarlat (Dordogne)

Cet article vise à explorer la question du partage de l’espace et du temps dans les villes touristiques. À travers l’exemple de la petite ville touristique de Sarlat (Dordogne) nous avons cherché à vérifier si cet espace en partage relevait d’une réelle cohabitation ou de l’utilisation partagée, mais asynchrone, d’un même espace. Un travail d’enquête, croisant entre autres l’observation non participante et des entretiens, a permis de mettre en évidence le fonctionnement de cette petite ville touristique dans ses dimensions spatiales et temporelles. Les résultats montrent que les pratiques des différents individus l’investissant (touristes, résidents permanents, travailleurs saisonniers, artistes de rue) ne permettent que difficilement la cohabitation. Surtout, la présence des touristes engendre des recompositions spatio-temporelles des pratiques habitantes. Les pratiques des résidents s’inscrivent « en creux » par rapport à celles des touristes, et ce, dans le temps et dans l’espace. De plus, alors que certains résidents permanents affirment devoir « fuir la ville » durant la haute saison touristique, les travailleurs impliqués dans l’activité touristique doivent quant à eux partager l’espace avec les touristes, sans possibilité de fuite. Par définition, les travailleurs saisonniers du tourisme sont présents dans les mêmes lieux et aux mêmes moments que les touristes. De fait, alors que les pratiques des résidents en saison estivale sont plutôt marquées par des stratégies d’évitement, celles des « saisonniers » et des artistes de rue se caractérisent par une appropriation et un marquage de l’espace, visant à ménager des lieux d’« entre-soi ».This article aims to explore the issue of space and time sharing in tourist cities. Through the example of the small tourist city of Sarlat (Dordogne) we sought to verify whether this shared space is a real cohabitation or shared but asynchronous use of the same space. Investigative work, intersecting non-participant observation and interviews, has highlighted the functioning of this small tourist city in its spatial and temporal dimensions. The results show that the practices of the various individuals who invest this city (tourists, permanent residents, seasonal workers, street artists) do not really allow cohabitation. Above all, the presence of tourists generates spatio-temporal recompositions of resident practices. Residents' practices fall within in response and are closely dependent on those of tourists. In addition, while some permanent residents say that they must "flee the city" during the high tourist season, the workers involved in tourism must share the space with the tourists, without the possibility of escape. By definition, seasonal tourism workers are present in the same places and at the same time as tourists. While residents’ practices in summer season are rather marked by avoidance strategies, those of the seasonal workers and street artists are characterized by appropriation and space marking, aiming to save places of "selfsegregation"

Partage de l’espace et coprésence au sein d’une petite ville patrimonialisée et touristifiée. L’exemple de Sarlat (Dordogne)

Cet article porte sur la question du partage de l’espace entre différents types d’habitants coprésents au sein de villes mises en tourisme et en patrimoine. Alors que ce sont généralement les relations entre des visiteurs (touristes) et des visités (résidents) considérés comme deux groupes opposés qui sont abordées, nous souhaitons ici appréhender le partage de l’espace dans une ville touristifiée au prisme d’une double entrée capitalistique. Au fil d’une recherche menée dans la petite ville de Sarlat (Dordogne, France) et mobilisant des entretiens semi-directifs, deux types de capitaux nous sont apparus déterminants pour saisir l’acceptabilité du partage de l’espace. Les rapports que ces habitants (temporaires ou permanents) entretiennent tant aux autres qu’aux lieux, s’ils sont intimement liés à l’espace-temps dans lequel ils se trouvent (quotidien et hors quotidien), ne peuvent être compris uniquement grâce à ceux-ci. Le capital social et culturel, dans une dimension bourdieusienne, et le capital d’autochtonie, à travers la question de l’attachement aux lieux, permettent ainsi de dépasser la catégorisation binaire visiteurs-visités.This article focuses on the issue of space sharing between different types of inhabitants present simultaneously in cities subject to heritage-making and tourism development. While it is mostly relations between hosts (inhabitants) and guests (tourists) considered as two opposing groups that are discussed, we wish here to apprehend space sharing in a tourist city based on a double capitalistic input. Following a research carried out in the small town of Sarlat (Dordogne, France) and drawing upon semi-structured interviews, two types of capitals appeared crucial for understanding the acceptability of space sharing. The relationships that these inhabitants (temporary or permanent) maintain with others as well as places, if they are intimately linked to their current space-time (within and outside their everyday context), cannot be understood only based on these. The social and cultural capital—in a “Bourdieusian” perspective—and the « indigenousness capital », through the question of attachment to places, allow us to go beyond the binary categorization hosts-guests