Notwendigkeit der Verfügbarkeit nasaler Gastroskopie in der Routinediagnostik - Eine patientenorientierte Bedarfsanalyse

Für eine optimale Prävention und die Beurteilung verschiedener Krankheitsverläufe ist eine regelmäßige, ambulant durchgeführte Gastroskopie erforderlich. Diese wird am Universitätsklinikum Leipzig (UKL) als orale Gastroskopie angeboten. Dabei können die Patienten, sofern keine medizinische Kontraindikation besteht, gemäß der Leitlinie zwischen einer Untersuchung mit oder ohne Sedierung wählen. Eine weitere Wahlmöglichkeit für die Patienten, um eine Sedierung und die damit einhergehenden Risiken zu vermeiden, stellt das Angebot der nasalen Gastroskopie dar. Von September 2016 bis März 2017 führten wir die prospektive klinische Studie „Besteht die Notwendigkeit der Verfügbarkeit nasaler Gastroskopie in der Routinediagnostik“ in der interdisziplinären zentralen Endoskopie am UKL durch. Konkret hatte diese Studie das Ziel, Aufschluss über den möglichen Patientenwunsch einer Wahloption der nasalen Methode unter den ambulanten Patienten des UKLs zu geben. Darüber hinaus sollte mit der Studie ermittelt werden, welche Gründe die Patienten für ihre Entscheidung angeben, ob bereits Vorerfahrungen bestehen, wie sich ggf. bestehende Vorerfahrungen auf die Entscheidung auswirken und ob die dann durchgeführte Untersuchung die Präferenz für eine zukünftige Untersuchung verändern würde. Die nasale Gastroskopie hat sich in der durchgeführten Untersuchung als eine sichere und von Patienten gut tolerierte Alternative zur oralen Gastroskopie herausgestellt. Mit der Möglichkeit der Verminderung sedierungsassoziierter Risiken, der Senkung der anfallenden Kosten sowie der Ermöglichung einer gastroskopischen Untersuchung bei Patienten, bei denen die Durchführung der oralen Gastroskopie nicht möglich ist, könnte die nasale Gastroskopie einen großen Gewinn für die Endoskopie darstellen.:Inhaltsverzeichnis I Abkürzungsverzeichnis 1 Bibliographische Beschreibung . 2 Einleitung 2.1 Hintergrund 2.2 Historische Entwicklung und Erscheinungsformen der Gastroskopie 2.2.1 Orale Gastroskopie 2.2.2 Nasale Gastroskopie 2.2.3 Sedierung während der Gastroskopie 2.2.4 Aktuelle Studienlage 2.3 Fragestellung der Studie 3 Publikation 4 Zusammenfassung der Arbeit 5 Literaturverzeichnis 6 Anlage 1 – Fragebogen an die Patienten und Patientinnen 7 Anlage 2 – Fragebogen an die behandelnden Ärzte II Darstellung des eigenen Beitrags III Erklärung über die Eigenständigkeit der Arbeit IV Verzeichnis der wissenschaftlichen Veröffentlichungen und Vorträg

Waring Library Society Newsletter, Fall 2023

In the Fall 2023 issue of the Waring Library Society Newsletter, Waring Library Society President Dr. Jacob Steere-Williams discusses R.A. Kinloch’s contributions to the 19th century surgical revolution; JoAnn Zeise gives a welcome message at the beginning of her tenure as the Waring Historical Library’s new curator; Anna Marie Schuldt shares the recently released online exhibits ahead of MUSC’s bicentennial; she additionally reviews the successful events held by the Waring in Fall 2023; and guest writer Lahnice Hollister shares a story of Moses Camplin’s struggle to practice medicine in Charleston as a Black practitioner post-Civil War.https://medica-musc.researchcommons.org/wls-newsletters/1006/thumbnail.jp

Waring Library Society Newsletter, Winter 2024

The Winter 2024 issue of the Waring Library Society Newsletter is available now. In this issue, Waring Library Society President Dr. Jacob Steere-Williams discusses Dr. Francis Bonneau Johnson’s contributions to studying filariasis in Charleston; JoAnn Zeise highlights the tableaus used as part of MUSC\u27s centennial celebration; Tabitha Samuel announces the completion of the MUSC Bicentennial Resources guide; and Anna Marie Schuldt shares Waring\u27s recent events in celebration of Black History Month.https://medica-musc.researchcommons.org/wls-newsletters/1007/thumbnail.jp

Twenty-seventh Annual Bibliography, 2013 (Contemporary German Literature Collection)

Bibliography of contemporary German literature volumes added the previous year to Washington University Libraries\u27 Contemporary German Literature Collection. These acquisitions generally include novels, poetry, short story collections, essays, autobiographical works, and literary and cultural periodicals from publishers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. This Collection serves as the research arm for the Department of Germanic Languages and Literature\u27s Max Kade Center for Contemporary German Literature. This bibliography is compiled by Washington University\u27s Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures in cooperation with the University Libraries. See also Contemporary German Literature Collection and Max Kade Center for Contemporary German Literature

Streamlined Lensed Quasar Identification in Multiband Images via Ensemble Networks

Quasars experiencing strong lensing offer unique viewpoints on subjects related to the cosmic expansion rate, the dark matter profile within the foreground deflectors, and the quasar host galaxies. Unfortunately, identifying them in astronomical images is challenging since they are overwhelmed by the abundance of non-lenses. To address this, we have developed a novel approach by ensembling cutting-edge convolutional networks (CNNs) -- for instance, ResNet, Inception, NASNet, MobileNet, EfficientNet, and RegNet -- along with vision transformers (ViTs) trained on realistic galaxy-quasar lens simulations based on the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) multiband images. While the individual model exhibits remarkable performance when evaluated against the test dataset, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of $>$97.3% and a median false positive rate of 3.6%, it struggles to generalize in real data, indicated by numerous spurious sources picked by each classifier. A significant improvement is achieved by averaging these CNNs and ViTs, resulting in the impurities being downsized by factors up to 50. Subsequently, combining the HSC images with the UKIRT, VISTA, and unWISE data, we retrieve approximately 60 million sources as parent samples and reduce this to 892,609 after employing a photometry preselection to discover $z>1.5$ lensed quasars with Einstein radii of $\theta_\mathrm{E}<5$ arcsec. Afterward, the ensemble classifier indicates 3080 sources with a high probability of being lenses, for which we visually inspect, yielding 210 prevailing candidates awaiting spectroscopic confirmation. These outcomes suggest that automated deep learning pipelines hold great potential in effectively detecting strong lenses in vast datasets with minimal manual visual inspection involved.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astronomy & Astrophysics journal. 28 pages, 11 figures, and 3 tables. We welcome comments from the reade

Ambient and substrate energy influence decomposer diversity differentially across trophic levels

The species-energy hypothesis predicts increasing biodiversity with increasing energy in ecosystems. Proxies for energy availability are often grouped into ambient energy (i.e., solar radiation) and substrate energy (i.e., non-structural carbohydrates or nutritional content). The relative importance of substrate energy is thought to decrease with increasing trophic level from primary consumers to predators, with reciprocal effects of ambient energy. Yet, empirical tests are lacking. We compiled data on 332,557 deadwood-inhabiting beetles of 901 species reared from wood of 49 tree species across Europe. Using host-phylogeny-controlled models, we show that the relative importance of substrate energy versus ambient energy decreases with increasing trophic levels: the diversity of zoophagous and mycetophagous beetles was determined by ambient energy, while non-structural carbohydrate content in woody tissues determined that of xylophagous beetles. Our study thus overall supports the species-energy hypothesis and specifies that the relative importance of ambient temperature increases with increasing trophic level with opposite effects for substrate energy

Ambient and substrate energy influence decomposer diversity differentially across trophic levels.

The species-energy hypothesis predicts increasing biodiversity with increasing energy in ecosystems. Proxies for energy availability are often grouped into ambient energy (i.e., solar radiation) and substrate energy (i.e., non-structural carbohydrates or nutritional content). The relative importance of substrate energy is thought to decrease with increasing trophic level from primary consumers to predators, with reciprocal effects of ambient energy. Yet, empirical tests are lacking. We compiled data on 332,557 deadwood-inhabiting beetles of 901 species reared from wood of 49 tree species across Europe. Using host-phylogeny-controlled models, we show that the relative importance of substrate energy versus ambient energy decreases with increasing trophic levels: the diversity of zoophagous and mycetophagous beetles was determined by ambient energy, while non-structural carbohydrate content in woody tissues determined that of xylophagous beetles. Our study thus overall supports the species-energy hypothesis and specifies that the relative importance of ambient temperature increases with increasing trophic level with opposite effects for substrate energy