Neutron activation analysis of archeological artifacts using the ISIS pulsed neutron source

Archeological artifacts can be analyzed after neutron irradiation at the pulsed ISIS neutron and muon source, UK, using a newly installed high purity germanium gamma ray spectrometer to perform neutron activation analysis. In this work, the details of the measurement methods and data analysis are presented. In particular, it is explained how Monte Carlo calculations are necessary to evaluate the detection efficiency, taking into account self-shielding effects. The results for two certified bronze standards are presented. The good agreement between expected and measured compositions is promising for the use of this technique for archeological artifacts where the elemental concentration is often unknown. As an example, the analysis of a Chinese sword from the first or second century BC is presented

Investigation of a Monturaqui Impactite by Means of Bi-Modal X-ray and Neutron Tomography

X-ray and neutron tomography are applied as a bi-modal approach for the 3D characterisation of a Monturaqui impactite formed by shock metamorphism during the impact of an iron meteorite with the target rocks in the Monturaqui crater (Chile). The particular impactite exhibits structural heterogeneities on many length scales: its composition is dominated by silicate-based glassy and crystalline materials with voids and Fe/Ni-metal and oxihydroxides particles generally smaller than 1 mm in diameter. The non-destructive investigation allowed us to apply a novel bi-modal imaging approach that provides a more detailed and quantitative understanding of the structural and chemical composition compared to standard single mode imaging methods, as X-ray and neutron interaction with matter results in different attenuation coefficients with a non-linear relation. The X-ray and neutron data sets have been registered, and used for material segmentation, porosity and metallic content characterization. The bimodal data enabled the segmentation of a large number of different materials, their morphology as well as distribution in the specimen including the quantification of volume fractions. The 3D data revealed an evaporite type of material in the impactite not noticed in previous studies. The present study is exemplary in demonstrating the potential for non-destructive characterisation of key features of complex multi-phase objects such as impactites

A Return to Tradition through Innovation

Resumen La investigación y la innovación se consideran los pilares por divulgar ante la comunidad científica, esta es la premisa que debería regir en las comunidades académicas, asociado a la sabiduría ancestral. Esto lleva al estudio y la aplicación de lo que se ha debatido en foros y congresos en relación con temas actuales como las migraciones campo-ciudad, la sostenibilidad y las tecnologías de vanguardia que aportan el más apropiado aprovechamiento de los recursos, aunado al pensamiento en torno al desarrollo del territorio en aras de metabolizar ciudades sostenibles y, a su vez, entretejidas en todos los aspectos con el medio natural. Es allí donde se abren espacios académicos a la comunidad científica en espera de abordar las temáticas en las que se piense y analice el futuro de las ciudades, y se reflexione acerca de los intereses a futuro en cuanto a la tecnología, el medioambiente y la sostenibilidad. Palabras clave: territorio, material compuesto, material contaminante, zona urbana, medio rural.A Return to Tradition through InnovationAbstractResearch and innovation are considered to be the basis for dissemination to the scientific community, this is the premise that should govern academic communities, associated with ancestral wisdom. This leads to the study and implementation of what has been discussed in forums and congresses in relation to current issues, such as rural-to-urban migrations, sustainability, and cutting-edge technologies that provide the most appropriate use of resources, combined with thoughts about territorial development in order to metabolize sustainable cities that are, in turn, interwoven, in all aspects, with the natural environment. This also provides academic spaces, open to the scientific community, to address issues that consider and analyze the future of cities, and reflect on future interests in terms of technology, environment, and sustainability.Keywords: territory, composite material, polluting material, urban area, rural environment.Voltar à tradição mediante a inovaçãoResumoA pesquisa e a inovação são consideradas os pilares para difundir o conhecimento científico ante a comunidade. Este é o princípio que deveria ser seguido nas comunidades acadêmicas, associado com a sabedoria ancestral. Isso leva ao estudo e aplicação do que tem sido debatido em fóruns e congressos sobre temas atuais como as migrações campo-cidade, a sustentabilidade e as tecnologias de vanguarda que contribuem com o aproveitamento mais adequado dos recursos, junto ao pensamento sobre o desenvolvimento do território com o intuito de metabolizar cidades sustentáveis e, por sua vez, entrelaçadas em todos os aspectos com o meio natural. É aí onde se abrem espaços acadêmicos à comunidade científica à espera de abordar as temáticas nas quais se pense e se analise o futuro das cidades, além de refletir acerca dos interesses para o porvir quanto à tecnologia, ao meio ambiente e à sustentabilidade.Palavras-chave: área urbana, material composto, material poluente, meio rural, território.Recibido: agosto 10 / 2017    Evaluado: agosto 18 / 2017    Aceptado: septiembre 08 / 2017</p

Volver a la tradición mediante la innovación

La investigación y la innovación se consideran los pilares por divulgar ante la comunidad cientí fica, esta es la premisa que debería regir en las comunidades académicas, asociado a la sabidu ría ancestral. Esto lleva al estudio y la aplicación de lo que se ha debatido en foros y congresos en relación con temas actuales como las migraciones campo-ciudad, la sostenibilidad y las tecnologías de vanguardia que aportan el más apropiado aprovechamiento de los recursos, aunado al pensamiento en torno al desarrollo del territorio en aras de metabolizar ciudades sostenibles y, a su vez, entretejidas en todos los aspectos con el medio natural. Es allí donde se abren espacios académicos a la comunidad científica en espera de abordar las temáticas en las que se piense y analice el futuro de las ciudades, y se reflexione acerca de los intereses a futuro en cuanto a la tecnología, el medioambiente y la sostenibilidad

Revelando la diversidad de la investigación en los campos creativos a través de la Revista de Arquitectura (Bogotá)

The inquiry begins with the question about the role of research in design projects, starting with the identification of nuances that allow for the differentiation of investigative forms that arise within the framework of these processes. To achieve this, a review was conducted of the articles included in the editions from 2018 to 2023 of the Revista de Arquitectura (Bogotá), which correspond to the latest ten issues of the publication. The objective was to determine what types of research were included in each of these articles. Following an initial inquiry into what constitutes research in architecture, the articles were categorized into four groups: reflective research, case studies, experimental developments, and design research, highlighting the Revista de Arquitectura (Bogotá) as an important source of information for educators and researchers interested in the field.Se tiene como propósito indagar por el lugar de la investigación en los proyectos de diseño, desde la identificación de matices que permitan singularizar las formas investigativas que surgen en el marco de dichos procesos. Para esto se realizó una revisión de los artículos incluidos en los números publicados entre el 2018 y el 2023 de la Revista de Arquitectura (Bogotá), que corresponden a los últimos diez números de la publicación, con el objetivo de determinar qué tipos de investigación se incluyeron en cada uno. Tras un análisis inicial acerca de lo que es investigar en arquitectura, los artículos recolectados se agruparon en cuatro categorías: investigación reflexiva, estudios de caso, desarrollos experimentales e investigación proyectual. Además, se señaló a la Revista de Arquitectura (Bogotá) como una fuente de información importante para docentes e investigadores interesados en el campo

VSI@ESS: Case study for a vibrational spectroscopy instrument at the european spallation source

Neutron Vibrational Spectroscopy is a well-established experimental technique where elementary excitations at relatively high frequency are detected via inelastic neutron scattering. This technique attracts a high interest in a large fraction of the scientific community in the fields of chemistry, materials science, physics, and biology, since one of its main applications exploits the large incoherent scattering cross section of the proton with respect to all the other elements, whose dynamics can be spectroscopically detected, even if dissolved in very low concentration in materials composed of much heavier atoms. We have proposed a feasibility study for a Vibrational Spectroscopy Instrument (VSI) at the European Spallation Source ESS. Here, we will summarize the preliminary design calculations and the corresponding McStas simulation results for a possible ToF, Inverted Geometry, VSI beamline

VSI@ESS: Case study for a vibrational spectroscopy instrument at the european spallation source

Neutron Vibrational Spectroscopy is a well-established experimental technique where elementary excitations at relatively high frequency are detected via inelastic neutron scattering. This technique attracts a high interest in a large fraction of the scientific community in the fields of chemistry, materials science, physics, and biology, since one of its main applications exploits the large incoherent scattering cross section of the proton with respect to all the other elements, whose dynamics can be spectroscopically detected, even if dissolved in very low concentration in materials composed of much heavier atoms. We have proposed a feasibility study for a Vibrational Spectroscopy Instrument (VSI) at the European Spallation Source ESS. Here, we will summarize the preliminary design calculations and the corresponding McStas simulation results for a possible ToF, Inverted Geometry, VSI beamline