Enhanced production of erythritol and mannitol by Yarrowia lipolytica in media containing surfactants

AbstractVarious chemical compounds, including surfactants, when introduced to culture media may increase the permeability of cellular membranes and thereby affect the quantity of metabolites excreted by cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of detergents including Triton X-100, Span 20 and Tween 80 on erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 in a shake-flask experiment, batch and fed-batch cultures. When Span 20 was added to a fed-batch culture with glycerol as a carbon source (300gL−1), erythritol production increased by 15% compared to the culture without the surfactant where it reached 142gL−1 after 5 days, which corresponded to 0.47gg−1 yield and productivity of 1.1gL−1h−1. Therefore, it was concluded that Span 20 considerably enhanced the production of this polyol from glycerol

Biosinteza limunske kiseline šaržnim uzgojem mutantnog soja Yarrowia lipolytica na podlozi od glicerola

Pure and crude glycerol from biodiesel production have been used as substrates for citric acid production by acetate-negative mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica in fed-batch fermentation. Both the final concentration and the yield of the product were the highest when Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 strain was used in the culture with pure or crude glycerol. With a medium containing 200 g/L of glycerol, production reached a maximum of citric acid of 139 g/L after 120 h. This high yield of the product (up to 0.69 g of citric acid per gram of glycerol consumed) was achieved with both pure and crude glycerol. Lower yield of citric acid in the culture with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1 strain (about 0.45 g/g) resulted from increased erythritol concentrations (up to 40 g/L), accumulated simultaneously with the citric acid. The concentration of isocitric acid, a by-product in this fermentation, was very low, in the range from 2.6 to 4.6 g/L.Čisti i sirovi glicerol, nastali pri proizvodnji biodizela, upotrijebljeni su kao podloga za dobivanje limunske kiseline šaržnim uzgojem acetat-negativnog mutantnog soja kvasca Yarrowia lipolytica. Najveći prinos i najveća konačna koncentracija produkta postignuti su uzgojem soja Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 na podlozi od čistog ili sirovog glicerola. S 200 g/L glicerola u podlozi nakon 120 sati uzgoja dobivena je maksimalna koncentracija limunske kiseline od 139 g/L. Tako visok prinos (do 0,69 grama limunske kiseline po gramu iskorištenoga glicerola) postignut je s obje podloge. Manji prinos limunske kiseline (0,45 g/g) dobiven je s pomoću soja Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1, zbog povećanja koncentracije eritritola (do 40 g/L) koji se nakupljao usporedo s limunskom kiselinom. Prijašnjim je istraživanjem utvrđeno da pri proizvodnji limunske kiseline nastaje i vrlo mala koncentracija izolimunske kiseline (2,6-4,6 g/L)

Waste Conversion into a Sweetener—Development of an Innovative Strategy for Erythritol Production by Yarrowia lipolytica

The study proposed the innovative low-cost strategy for erythritol production by Yarrowia lipolytica through developing a simple medium based on industrial waste by-products and a natural method for culture broth purification. Results obtained proved that corn steep liquor might successfully replace traditional sources of nitrogen and other nutrients without compromising activities of the enzymes responsible for erythritol production and its production level. As a consequence, a production process was performed where Y. lipolytica A-6 was able to produce 108.0 g/L of erythritol, with a production rate of 1.04 g/Lh and a yield of 0.45 g/g of the medium containing exclusively 220 g/L of crude glycerol derived from biodiesel production and 40 g/L of corn steep liquor. Moreover, a comparable concentration of erythritol (108.1 g/L) was obtained when a part of crude glycerol was exchanged for the crude fraction of fatty acids in the two-steps process. Next, the collected post-fermentation broths were used in the culture with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1 for natural purification. The process resulted in a high increase of erythritol selectivity from 72% to 97% and in the production of 22.0 g/L of biomass with 40.4% protein content, which enables its use as an attractive animal feedstuff

Biosinteza limunske kiseline šaržnim uzgojem mutantnog soja Yarrowia lipolytica na podlozi od glicerola

Pure and crude glycerol from biodiesel production have been used as substrates for citric acid production by acetate-negative mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica in fed-batch fermentation. Both the final concentration and the yield of the product were the highest when Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 strain was used in the culture with pure or crude glycerol. With a medium containing 200 g/L of glycerol, production reached a maximum of citric acid of 139 g/L after 120 h. This high yield of the product (up to 0.69 g of citric acid per gram of glycerol consumed) was achieved with both pure and crude glycerol. Lower yield of citric acid in the culture with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1 strain (about 0.45 g/g) resulted from increased erythritol concentrations (up to 40 g/L), accumulated simultaneously with the citric acid. The concentration of isocitric acid, a by-product in this fermentation, was very low, in the range from 2.6 to 4.6 g/L.Čisti i sirovi glicerol, nastali pri proizvodnji biodizela, upotrijebljeni su kao podloga za dobivanje limunske kiseline šaržnim uzgojem acetat-negativnog mutantnog soja kvasca Yarrowia lipolytica. Najveći prinos i najveća konačna koncentracija produkta postignuti su uzgojem soja Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 na podlozi od čistog ili sirovog glicerola. S 200 g/L glicerola u podlozi nakon 120 sati uzgoja dobivena je maksimalna koncentracija limunske kiseline od 139 g/L. Tako visok prinos (do 0,69 grama limunske kiseline po gramu iskorištenoga glicerola) postignut je s obje podloge. Manji prinos limunske kiseline (0,45 g/g) dobiven je s pomoću soja Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1, zbog povećanja koncentracije eritritola (do 40 g/L) koji se nakupljao usporedo s limunskom kiselinom. Prijašnjim je istraživanjem utvrđeno da pri proizvodnji limunske kiseline nastaje i vrlo mala koncentracija izolimunske kiseline (2,6-4,6 g/L)

Biosynthesis of Citric Acid from Glycerol by Acetate Mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica in Fed-Batch Fermentation

Pure and crude glycerol from biodiesel production have been used as substrates for citric acid production by acetate-negative mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica in fed-batch fermentation. Both the final concentration and the yield of the product were the highest when Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7 strain was used in the culture with pure or crude glycerol. With a medium containing 200 g/L of glycerol, production reached a maximum of citric acid of 139 g/L after 120 h. This high yield of the product (up to 0.69 g of citric acid per gram of glycerol consumed) was achieved with both pure and crude glycerol. Lower yield of citric acid in the culture with Y. lipolytica Wratislavia K1 strain (about 0.45 g/g) resulted from increased erythritol concentrations (up to 40 g/L), accumulated simultaneously with the citric acid. The concentration of isocitric acid, a by-product in this fermentation, was very low, in the range from 2.6 to 4.6 g/L

Enhancement of α-Ketoglutaric Acid Production by <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> Grown on Mixed Renewable Carbon Sources through Adjustment of Culture Conditions

α-Ketoglutaric acid (KGA) is a valuable compound with a wide range of applications, e.g., in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries. The present study aimed to enhance the efficiency of KGA production by Yarrowia lipolytica CBS146773 from renewable carbon sources. In the investigation, various factors that may potentially affect KGA biosynthesis were examined in bioreactor cultures performed on a simple medium containing glycerol (20 g/L) and fed with four portions of a substrate mixture (15 + 15 g/L of glycerol and rapeseed oil). It was found that the process may be stimulated by regulation of the medium pH and aeration, application of selected neutralizing agents, supplementation with thiamine and addition of sorbitan monolaurate, whereas presence of biotin and iron ions had no positive effect on KGA biosynthesis. Adjustment of the parameters improved the process efficiency and allowed 82.4 g/L of KGA to be obtained, corresponding to productivity of 0.57 g/L h and yield of 0.59 g/g. In addition, the production of KGA was characterized by a low level (≤6.3 g/L) of by-products, i.e., citric and pyruvic acids. The results confirmed the high potential of renewable carbon sources (glycerol + rapeseed oil) for effective KGA biosynthesis by Yarrowia lipolytica

Sugar Alcohol Sweetener Production by <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> Grown in Media Containing Glycerol

Most of the world’s annual production of mannitol is by chemical means, but, due to increasing demand for natural sweeteners, alternative production methods are being sought. The aim of the study was to screen Yarrowia lipolytica yeast strains and select culture conditions for the efficient and selective biosynthesis of mannitol from glycerol. From 21 strains examined in the shake-flask culture for mannitol biosynthesis from glycerol (100 g/L), three strains were selected—S2, S3, and S4—and further evaluated in batch bioreactor cultures with technical and raw glycerol (150 g/L). The best production parameters were observed for strain S3, which additionally was found to be the most resistant to NaCl concentration. Next, strain S3 was examined in batch culture with regard to the initial glycerol concentration (from 50 to 250 g/L). It was found that the substrate concentrations of 50 and 75 g/L resulted in the highest mannitol selectivity, about 70%. The fed-batch culture system proposed in this paper (performed in two variants in which glycerol was dosed in four portions of about 50 or 75 g/L) resulted in increased mannitol production, up to 78.5 g/L

An Effective Method of Continuous Production of Erythritol from Glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica MK1

This study demonstrates the potential applicability of the UV mutant Yarrowia lipolytica MK1 for the valorisation of glycerol and erythritol production in a chemostat culture. The aim of this research is to investigate the optimal C:N ratio in the feeding medium in order to enhance erythritol production. The highest erythritol concentration, at 113.1 g/L with a volumetric erythritol production rate of 1.1 g/(L·h) and a yield of 0.57 g/g, was obtained in the feeding medium with a C:N ratio of 80:1. Moreover, no residual glycerol was observed in the culture broth during cultivation. The chemical composition of the biomass was analysed. The contents of lysine and threonine in the biomass protein amino acid profile were higher than those required by the FAO/WHO for fodder yeast