Performance of Gujarat economy: an analysis of growth and instability

Since the State’s inception, the growth process in Gujarat and its regions has experienced ups and downs in the economic activities. Not much attention is attributed to short term fluctuations in the growth of economic activities as long as the long term growth depicts an upward trend. However, if the short term fluctuations become frequent and adversely affect the long term rate of growth, there is a need for a closer look. Tackling instability acquires importance for improving the lot of small and marginal farmers, who are more affected by spells of bad years. Instability in agricultural production raises risk in farm production, affecting farmers’ incomes and decisions for investments to adopt new technologies. This paper is devoted to looking at the long term macro-economic growth pattern of Gujarat since its inception. It highlights the problem of instability in economic growth – both for the economy and in particular for agricultural sector. The comparative picture of Gujarat in the national economy is presented, together with a discussion on changing structure of Gujarat’s economy from early 1960s to 2008-09. The analysis of instability is also carried out at the sectoral level. Analysis of instability is attempted in terms of structure of the economy. Income is the variable selected for analysis as it is a comprehensive measure of economic activity. For agriculture, the paper opts ‘output’ for the sectoral analysis.Agricultural growth, Instability, Sectoral growth, Gujarat

THE THERAPEUTIC AND TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF CHITRAK (PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA L.)- A REVIEW

Chitraka based Ayurvedic medicines are commonly used by Ayurvedic physicians. Chitraka is toxic in nature even then it is used as a medicine after Shodana (purification) and in therapeutic dose. Shodhana procedure is not only represent a process of purification, but also in addition to a process of detoxification and the ultimate objective of Shodhana is to enhance the biological efficacy of the drug. In therapeutic doses it has capacity to treat many diseases. Traditionally P. zeylanica is used as a stimulant, digestive, expectorant, laxative, abortifacient, antiperiodic and in the treatment of muscular pain, intestinal parasites, anemia, dysentery, fever or malaria and rheumatic diseases. P. zeylanica contains a variety of important chemical compounds. Different parts of the plant possess naphthaquinones, alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, flavanoids, saponins, coumarins, carbohydrates, fixed oil and fats and proteins. Its fruits contains plumbagin, glucopyranoside and sitosterol. There are so many researches has been done on this plant like Anti-carcinogenic activity, Anti-diabetic, wound healing, contraceptive effect, Hepato-protective, Anti-microbial, Anti-inflammatory and Anthelmintic. This review gives us opportunity to understand the toxic effects, medicinal importance, biological activities and pharmacological effects of Plumbago zeylanica. This article gives an overview of medicinal uses and poisonous properties of Chitraka

A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON EFFECT OF VISHANGHAN MAHAKSHAYA ON VISHJANYA ALLERGIC SKIN DISORDERS

As per the Ayurvedic treaties, Visha means the Dravya (substance) which causes Vishaad (sorrow or depression) is known as Visha. Drugs which act against toxic substances are called as Vishghna (Anit-toxic). Charakacharya described Vishghna mahakashaya which includes ten drugs having Anti-toxic action. The main objective of this review article is to discuss the therapeutic uses of Vishghna Mahakashaya and to discuss the different pharmacological properties and therapeutic uses of isolated constituent drugs of Vishghna Mahakashaya in respect to Vishjanya skin disorders. Vishghna Mahakashaya is described by Acharya Charak for the management of various diseases produced due to deterious effect of Vish. It includes Haridra (Curcuma longa), Manjishtha (Rubia cordifolia), Suvahaa (Pluchea lanceolata ), Sookshama elaa (Elettaria cardamomum), Paalindee (Operculina turpethum), chandan (Santalum album), Kataka (Strychnos potatorum), Shireesh (Albizzia lebbeck), Sinduvaara (Vitex negundo), Shleshmaataka (Cordia dichotoma). Drugs like Haridra, Manjistha, Chandan, Shirish, Shleshmaataka have very tremendous properties on various skin disorders like allergy. As per old sages, these drugs are useful in the treatment of all types of poisoning especially snake bite, scorpion bite, spider bite, rat bite, insect bite. Present paper highlights on various pharmacological properties of individual drugs of Vishghna mahakashya especially those properties due to which they can be used in various Vishjanya vikaar.

Performance of Gujarat economy: an analysis of growth and instability

Since the State’s inception, the growth process in Gujarat and its regions has experienced ups and downs in the economic activities. Not much attention is attributed to short term fluctuations in the growth of economic activities as long as the long term growth depicts an upward trend. However, if the short term fluctuations become frequent and adversely affect the long term rate of growth, there is a need for a closer look. Tackling instability acquires importance for improving the lot of small and marginal farmers, who are more affected by spells of bad years. Instability in agricultural production raises risk in farm production, affecting farmers’ incomes and decisions for investments to adopt new technologies. This paper is devoted to looking at the long term macro-economic growth pattern of Gujarat since its inception. It highlights the problem of instability in economic growth – both for the economy and in particular for agricultural sector. The comparative picture of Gujarat in the national economy is presented, together with a discussion on changing structure of Gujarat’s economy from early 1960s to 2008-09. The analysis of instability is also carried out at the sectoral level. Analysis of instability is attempted in terms of structure of the economy. Income is the variable selected for analysis as it is a comprehensive measure of economic activity. For agriculture, the paper opts ‘output’ for the sectoral analysis

AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF ECZEMA (VICHARCHIKA) - A REVIEW

In the Ayurvedic text all skin diseases were included under the Kushtarog. Which is classified in two divisions i.e. Mahakushta and Kshudrakushta. Vicharchika is described under Kshudrakushta. The clinical presentation of Vicharchika similar to Eczema in modern dermatology. Eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) is characterized by dry itchy skin with areas of poorly demarcated erythema and scale. In the acute phase eczema may be vesicular and oozing, in the chronic phase it may become hyperpigmented and lichenified (thickened). Excoriations (scratch marks) are frequently seen. The modern science has greatly advanced, particularly in dermatology but there is no specific medicaments for sure cure of eczema but symptomatic treatments like steroids are used, but they produce serious side effects like nephrotoxicity, osteoporosis, skin cancer etc. Modern pharmacology whole body. It brings a balance of body, mind and spirit. Ayurveda believes that All Dosha in balance is essential for well-being. offers treatment for the symptom of eczema. However, it does not provide treatment for the root. Therefore, recurrence is very common. Ayurveda offers treatment for the root of eczema by cleansing vitiated Dosha and balancing the Dosha and Dhatus

EDUKASI COVID-19 MELALUI PROGRAM KKN DAN MENGOPTIMALKAN UMKM DIDESA IKER-IKER DENGAN MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN PRODUK MELALUI MEDIA ONLINE DIERA NEW NORMAL

Corona virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) diketahui menyebabkan infeksi saluran nafas pada manusia mulai dari batuk pilek. Persebaran virus COVID-19 meningkat semakin cepat melalui tetesan air liur atau keluar dari hidung ketika orang yang terinfeksi batuk atau bersin. Akan tetapi, masih sangat minim pemahaman dan kesadaran masyarakat di RT 02 Rw 01 Desa Iker-iker Kecamatan Cerme Kabupaten Gresik yang mematuhi protokol kesehatan saat beraktivitas di luar rumah. Lokasi tersebut merupakan padat penduduk.  Oleh karena itu, perlunya peningkatan pemahaman COVID-19 dan pentingnya mematuhi protokol kesehatan penanggulangan COVID-19. Berdasakan permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan pengabdian pada masyarakat melalui kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) UMG Era Covid-19. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dengan metode Edukasi COVID-19 Kepada Masyarakat RT 02 RW 01 Desa Kedungwinangun. Pada program KKN ini dilakukan pembuatan handsanitizer, masker, dan disinfektanserta edukasi protokol kesehatan di lingkungan Rt 01 Rw 03 Desa Iker-iker. Telah berhasil dibuat dan disalurkan sebanyak 80 botol handsanitizer, 1 banner edukasi

Perbandingan Jumlah Trombosit Primigravida Dengan Multigravida Pada Kejadian Preeklampsia Di Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina Gresik Periode Tahun 2019 – 2021

Latar belakang: Preeklampsia adalah suatu kondisi dimana ibu hamil dengan masa kehamilan lebih dari 20 minggu memiliki tanda utama hipertensi dan proteinuria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan jumlah trombosit antara primigravida dan multigravida pada kejadian preeklampsia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data menggunakan probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling dengan 61 rekam medik ibu preeklampsia yang diambil sesuai kriteria inklusi di RS Ibnu Sina Gresik yang terdiri dari 14 primigravida dan 47 multigravida dari tahun 2019 sampai dengan 2021. Hasil: Pasien preeklampsia dengan jumlah trombosit terendah adalah 170 kelompok, terendah.000/L dan tertinggi 490.000/μL dengan rerata 282.066/μL. Pada primigravida jumlah trombosit 170.000/L dan tertinggi 342.000/L dengan rata-rata 277.857/μL, sedangkan pada kelompok multigravida memiliki jumlah trombosit terendah 173.000/μL dan tertinggi 490.000/μL dengan rata-rata 283.319/ L. Kedua kelompok dibandingkan dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan bermakna jumlah trombosit antara primigravida dan multigravida (p>0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara jumlah trombosit primigravida dan multigravida pada pasien preeklampsia

The management of childhood drowning in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia: a case report

The World Health Organization (WHO) stated that drowning becomes the third leading cause of death from unintentional injury. Furthermore it was reported more than 372,000 cases of death annually among children due to drowning accident. Inappropriate of resuscitation attempt, delay in early management, inappropriate monitoring and evaluation lead to drowning complications riks even death. However, studies concerning the management of childhood drowning in Indonesia is limited. Here, we reported a case of childhood drowning in Sanglah General Hospital in Denpasar, Bali. An 8 years old girl arrived at the hospital with deterioration of consciousness after found drowning in the swimming pool. The management of the case was performed according to the recent literature guidelines. The first attempt was performed by resuscitation, followed by pharmacological interventions using corticosteroids, non-invasive ventilation and series of laboratory examination. With regular follow up, patient showed good recovery and prognosis

The Role of Multiparametric MRI and MRI-targeted Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Radiorecurrent Prostate Cancer: An Analysis from the FORECAST Trial

BACKGROUND: The role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate MRI and MRI-targeted biopsies for detecting intraprostatic cancer recurrence and planning for salvage focal ablation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: FOcal RECurrent Assessment and Salvage Treatment (FORECAST; NCT01883128) was a prospective cohort diagnostic study that recruited 181 patients with suspected radiorecurrence at six UK centres (2014 to 2018); 144 were included here. INTERVENTION: All patients underwent MRI with 5 mm transperineal template mapping biopsies; 84 had additional MRI-targeted biopsies. MRI scans with Likert scores of 3 to 5 were deemed suspicious. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: First, the diagnostic accuracy of MRI was calculated. Second, the pathological characteristics of MRI-detected and MRI-undetected tumours were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and chi-square test for trend. Third, four biopsy strategies involving an MRI-targeted biopsy alone and with systematic biopsies of one to two other quadrants were studied. Fisher's exact test was used to compare MRI-targeted biopsy alone with the best other strategy for the number of patients with missed cancer and the number of patients with cancer harbouring additional tumours in unsampled quadrants. Analyses focused primarily on detecting cancer of any grade or length. Last, eligibility for focal therapy was evaluated for men with localised (≤T3bN0M0) radiorecurrent disease. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Of 144 patients, 111 (77%) had cancer detected on biopsy. MRI sensitivity and specificity at the patient level were 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.92 to 0.99) and 0.21 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.35), respectively. At the prostate quadrant level, 258/576 (45%) quadrants had cancer detected on biopsy. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.66 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.73) and 0.54 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.62), respectively. At the quadrant level, compared with MRI-undetected tumours, MRI-detected tumours had longer maximum cancer core length (median difference 3 mm [7 vs 4 mm]; 95% CI 1 to 4 mm, p < 0.001) and a higher grade group (p = 0.002). Of the 84 men who also underwent an MRI-targeted biopsy, 73 (87%) had recurrent cancer diagnosed. Performing an MRI-targeted biopsy alone missed cancer in 5/73 patients (7%; 95% CI 3 to 15%); with additional systematic sampling of the other ipsilateral and contralateral posterior quadrants (strategy 4), 2/73 patients (3%; 95% CI 0 to 10%) would have had cancer missed (difference 4%; 95% CI -3 to 11%, p = 0.4). If an MRI-targeted biopsy alone was performed, 43/73 (59%; 95% CI 47 to 69%) patients with cancer would have harboured undetected additional tumours in unsampled quadrants. This reduced but only to 7/73 patients (10%; 95% CI 4 to 19%) with strategy 4 (difference 49%; 95% CI 36 to 62%, p < 0.0001). Of 73 patients, 43 (59%; 95% CI 47 to 69%) had localised radiorecurrent cancer suitable for a form of focal ablation. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with recurrent prostate cancer after radiotherapy, MRI and MRI-targeted biopsy, with or without perilesional sampling, will diagnose cancer in the majority where present. MRI-undetected cancers, defined as Likert scores of 1 to 2, were found to be smaller and of lower grade. However, if salvage focal ablation is planned, an MRI-targeted biopsy alone is insufficient for prostate mapping; approximately three of five patients with recurrent cancer found on an MRI-targeted biopsy alone harboured further tumours in unsampled quadrants. Systematic sampling of the whole gland should be considered in addition to an MRI-targeted biopsy to capture both MRI-detected and MRI-undetected disease. PATIENT SUMMARY: After radiotherapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is accurate for detecting recurrent prostate cancer, with missed cancer being smaller and of lower grade. Targeting a biopsy to suspicious areas on MRI results in a diagnosis of cancer in most patients. However, for every five men who have recurrent cancer, this targeted approach would miss cancers elsewhere in the prostate in three of these men. If further focal treatment of the prostate is planned, random biopsies covering the whole prostate in addition to targeted biopsies should be considered so that tumours are not missed