Integrated Paired Literacy Model Problem-Based Learning to Improve Biology Learning Outcomes

The application of PBL learning can improve students' literacy skills because the learning activities require students to actively engage in literacy to find solutions to a given problem. Literacy skills are very important for students to have in learning biology; through these skills, students can improve their learning outcomes. Health literacy skills to support student learning outcomes are supported by the application of paired literacy techniques. Through the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with a cyclical research model over 5 weeks, it is expected to be able to improve the learning outcomes of class XI Science. Data collection was carried out by testing techniques with quantitative data types. Therefore, it can be concluded that paired literacy activities in the PBL model can improve biology learning outcomes in the reproductive system material of class XI Science  students with a classical completion percentage of 61.11%

The potential of Eleutherine bulbosa in inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle in breast cancer: A network pharmacology approach and in vitro experiments

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential and mechanisms of phytochemicals in Eleutherine bulbosa (EBE) in inducing apoptosis and inhibiting the cell cycle in breast cancer through a network pharmacology approach and in vitro validation. Methods: This research employed a literature review approach to identify active anti-cancer compounds and utilized a network pharmacology approach to predict the mechanisms of action of EBE compounds in breast cancer. In addition, in vitro experiments were conducted using MTT method to evaluate the effects of EBE on the cytotoxicity of T47D cells, and the flow cytometry method was employed to determine the impact of EBE on apoptosis and the cell cycle. Results: The network pharmacology analysis revealed that EBE had an impact on 42 genes involved in breast cancer, including 23 important target genes implicated in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Pathway analysis using the KEGG database showed a close association between EBE and crucial signaling pathways in breast cancer, including P53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, apoptosis and cell cycle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that EBE exhibited moderate anti-cancer activity. Furthermore, EBE demonstrated significant potential in inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells, with a percentage of apoptotic cells reaching 93.6%. Additionally, EBE was observed to disrupt the cell cycle, leading to a significant increase in the sub G1 and S phases, and a significant decrease in the G2-M and G1 phases. Conclusion: EBE has the potential to be an anti-cancer agent through various mechanisms, including apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition in breast cancer cells. These findings provide new insights into the potential of EBE as an alternative treatment for breast cancer

Penyaluran Bantuan Produktif Usaha Mikro sebagai Upaya Mempertahan-kan Usaha Mikro di Masa Pandemi

Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) telah menjadi salah satu sektor strategis dalam mendukung perkembangan perekonomian domestik di Indonesia. Pandemi COVID-19 telah memberikan dampak yang sangat signifikan bagi perekonomian Indonesia, terutama bagi para pelaku usaha mikro. Menurunnya pendapatan para pelaku usaha mikro karena berbagai masalah keuangan dan masalah non-keuangan yang muncul akibat pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak langsung pada penurunan PDB dan tingkat perekonomian di Indonesia. Untuk menanggulangi permasalahan yang dihadapi para pelaku usaha mikro, pemerintah Indonesia melalui Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM mengeluarkan program Bantuan Produktif Usaha Mikro (BPUM). BPUM telah dilaksanakan dua kali yaitu, di tahun 2020 dan di tahun 2021. Berdasarkan efektivitas dari penggunaan dana BPUM dinilai telah efektif baik dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya maupun wawancara mendalam yang dilakukan. Meskipun demikian, penyaluran program BPUM masih memiliki beberapa masalah dikarenakan implementasi BPUM pada 2020 berorientasi pada kecepatan penyaluran, sehingga sangat mungkin terjadi ketidatepatan sasaran. Oleh karena itu, penelitian berikut bertujuan untuk mempelajari permasalahan penyaluran program BPUM serta memberikan alternatif terbaik berupa desain strategi dalam proses penyaluran BPUM. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode analisis Analytic Network Process (ANP). Melalui penelitian berikut, ditemukan beberapa permasalahan dalam proses penyaluran program BPUM diantaranya; penyaluran dana yang belum tepat sasaran, proses verifikasi data yang belum memadai, alur komunikasi satu arah, serta belum terintegrasinya informasi terkait program BPUM. Di sisi lain, penerima bantuan program BPUM juga belum mendapatkan pendampingan serta monitoring yang memadai. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembobotan yang telah dilakukan, pemerintah daerah menjadi alternatif terbaik dalam penyaluran BPUM