A global look at time: a 24-country study of the equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

The Psychometric Validation of the VSI

Pokazano je kako sadržaj testova s vremenom postaje poznat. Kako bi se izbjegao utjecaj poznatosti sadržaja testova, postoji stalna potreba za razvojem novih testova inteligencije. Cilj ovog rada je provesti analizu Verbalne serije inteligencije (VSI), nove baterije testova apstraktnog mišljenja koja se sastoji od 6 različitih subtestova. Baterija je primijenjena na 318 sudionika, učenika srednje škole i studenata psihologije, a primjena je trajala oko sat vremena. Dobivena je pozitivno asimetrična distribucija ukupnih rezultata, a prosječni indeks lakoće (p=.30) govori da je test sudionicima bio dosta težak. Cronbachov koeficijent ukazuje na vrlo visoku pouzdanost baterije (α=.942), a osjetljivost testa, prema Fergusonovom koeficijentu, je visoka (δ=.968). Faktorskom analizom subtestova dobiva se veći broj faktora, no veličine njihovih karakterističnih korijena i inspekcija Scree Plot-a ukazuju na postojanje jednog faktora svakog subtesta. Faktorska analiza ukupnih rezultata u subtestovima daje jedan generalni faktor koji objašnjava 61.2% varijance. Provjerena je kriterijska valjanost baterije, te je utvrđena pozitivna povezanost sa školskim uspjehom, dobi, rezultatom na Problemnom testu te uspjehom na prijemnom ispitu. Preporuča se provjeriti ovdje dobivene rezultate u selekcijskoj situaciji i na reprezentativnom uzorku.Pokazano je kako sadržaj testova s vremenom postaje poznat. Kako bi se izbjegao utjecaj poznatosti sadržaja testova, postoji stalna potreba za razvojem novih testova inteligencije. Cilj ovog rada je provesti analizu Verbalne serije inteligencije (VSI), nove baterije testova apstraktnog mišljenja koja se sastoji od 6 različitih subtestova. Baterija je primijenjena na 318 sudionika, učenika srednje škole i studenata psihologije, a primjena je trajala oko sat vremena. Dobivena je pozitivno asimetrična distribucija ukupnih rezultata, a prosječni indeks lakoće (p=.30) govori da je test sudionicima bio dosta težak. Cronbachov koeficijent ukazuje na vrlo visoku pouzdanost baterije (α=.942), a osjetljivost testa, prema Fergusonovom koeficijentu, je visoka (δ=.968). Faktorskom analizom subtestova dobiva se veći broj faktora, no veličine njihovih karakterističnih korijena i inspekcija Scree Plot-a ukazuju na postojanje jednog faktora svakog subtesta. Faktorska analiza ukupnih rezultata u subtestovima daje jedan generalni faktor koji objašnjava 61.2% varijance. Provjerena je kriterijska valjanost baterije, te je utvrđena pozitivna povezanost sa školskim uspjehom, dobi, rezultatom na Problemnom testu te uspjehom na prijemnom ispitu. Preporuča se provjeriti ovdje dobivene rezultate u selekcijskoj situaciji i na reprezentativnom uzorku

A global look at time: a 24-country study of the equivalence of the Zimbardo time perspective inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

Time perspective profiles of cultures

This chapter summarises some results of the International Time Perspective Research Project, which is a collaborative cross-cultural study of time perspective carried out in 24 countries. The highlights of structural equivalence assessment study are presented, showing the cross-cultural invariance of 36 items of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) scale. The associations between country-level ZTPI scores and other culture-level indicators, including the Human Development Index and Hofstede cultural dimensions, are presented and discussed. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, five distinct profiles of time perspective were found (future-oriented, present-oriented, balanced, moderately fatalistic, and negative), and significant differences in the prevalence of these profiles across cultures were found. Implications and perspectives for future research are discussed

A Global Look at Time

International audienc

A global look at time: a 24-country study of the Equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory

In this article, we assess the structural equivalence of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) across 26 samples from 24 countries (N = 12,200). The ZTPI is proven to be a valid and reliable index of individual differences in time perspective across five temporal categories: Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Fatalistic, Present Hedonistic, and Future. We obtained evidence for invariance of 36 items (out of 56) and also the five-factor structure of ZTPI across 23 countries. The short ZTPI scales are reliable for country-level analysis, whereas we recommend the use of the full scales for individual-level analysis. The short version of ZTPI will further promote integration of research in the time perspective domain in relation to many different psycho-social processes

A Global Look at Time

International audienc