Jerarquización de las decisiones ambientales: el modelo de esferas concéntricas.

Sin resume

Evaluación de un modelo Blend-learning de educación para el desarrollo rural adaptado a la realidad colombiana

Se presenta una evaluación de la aplicación y metodología del curso piloto en Desarrollo rural y ordenación del territorio mediante enseñanza combinada (Blend-learning) mostrado en el ejemplar 41 (3) de la Revista Iberoamericana de Educación. Para saber la percepción y la aceptación por parte de todos los participantes —alumnos, profesores y tutores— de este sistema de aprendizaje, se realizaron visitas a la zona de estudio que incluyeron las instalaciones de la entidad que prestó el servicio, la zona de residencia y trabajo de los participantes. Por último se llevaron a cabo entrevistas con los participantes del proceso educativo. Los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación y diseño del método Blend-learning para la capacitación en desarrollo rural y ordenación del territorio muestran la viabilidad de la aplicación de este método de enseñanza, favoreciendo así mismo la formación de un numero considerable de personas sin los costes e inconve­nientes que conlleva el desplazamiento del personal experto, permitiendo que este tipo de formación sea accesible a los habitantes de las comunidades rurales. La aplicación desarrollada permite combinar las ventajas del método presencial con el e-learning adaptado a las dificultades del mundo rural

Escarabajos y mariposas: El mundo es algo más que un problema a resolver

In the 1970s, while the environmental crisis began to become evident, the crisis of the family also began. Since then, biases and prejudices in some social and scientific circles have led to a radicalisation of positions that make dialogue difficult between the disciplines that make up the environmental problem. The proposal of the Magisterium of the Church in the concepts of human ecology and integral ecology need to be developed avoiding abstraction or reductionism in order to shed light on interdisciplinary dialogue. Amazement, understood as the beginning of the knowledge of the interiority of man and of reality, becomes the unifying path to understand the transcendence of creation and thus to understand the relationship between the two crises, in the family and environmental.En los años 70, a la vez que se empezaba a evidenciar la crisis ambiental, también comenzaba la crisis de la familia. Desde entonces los sesgos y prejuicios en algunos entornos sociales y científicos han desembocado en una radicalización de posturas que hacen difícil el diálogo entre las disciplinas que conforman el problema ambiental. La propuesta del Magisterio de la Iglesia, en los conceptos de ecología humana y ecología integral, necesitan desarrollarse evitando la abstracción o el reduccionismo para dar luz al dialogo interdisciplinar. El asombro, entendido como el inicio del conocimiento de la interioridad del hombre y de la realidad, se convierte en el camino unificador de entender la trascendencia de lo creado y entender así la relación entre las dos crisis, familiar y ambiental

Structure-Based Design of an RNase Chimera for Antimicrobial Therapy

Altres ajuts: Fundació La Marató de TV3/TV3-201803-10Bacterial resistance to antibiotics urges the development of alternative therapies. Based on the structure-function of antimicrobial members of the RNase A superfamily, we have developed a hybrid enzyme. Within this family, RNase 1 exhibits the highest catalytic activity and the lowest cytotoxicity; in contrast, RNase 3 shows the highest bactericidal action, alas with a reduced catalytic activity. Starting from both parental proteins, we designed a first RNase 3/1-v1 chimera. The construct had a catalytic activity much higher than RNase 3, unfortunately without reaching an equivalent antimicrobial activity. Thus, two new versions were created with improved antimicrobial properties. Both of these versions (RNase 3/1-v2 and -v3) incorporated an antimicrobial loop characteristic of RNase 3, while a flexible RNase 1-specific loop was removed in the latest construct. RNase 3/1-v3 acquired both higher antimicrobial and catalytic activities than previous versions, while retaining the structural determinants for interaction with the RNase inhibitor and displaying non-significant cytotoxicity. Following, we tested the constructs' ability to eradicate macrophage intracellular infection and observed an enhanced ability in both RNase 3/1-v2 and v3. Interestingly, the inhibition of intracellular infection correlates with the variants' capacity to induce autophagy. We propose RNase 3/1-v3 chimera as a promising lead for applied therapeutics

Optical analysis of CH3NH3SnxPb1–xI3 absorbers: a roadmap for perovskite-on-perovskite tandem solar cells

Organic–inorganic perovskite structures in which lead is substituted by tin are exceptional candidates for broadband light absorption. Herein we present a thorough analysis of the optical properties of CH3NH3SnxPb1–xI3 films, providing the field with definitive insights about the possibilities of these materials for perovskite solar cells of superior efficiency. We report a user's guide based on the first set of optical constants obtained for a series of tin/lead perovskite films, which was only possible to measure due to the preparation of optical quality thin layers. According to the Shockley–Queisser theory, CH3NH3SnxPb1–xI3 compounds promise a substantial enhancement of both short circuit photocurrent and power conversion efficiency in single junction solar cells. Moreover, we propose a novel tandem architecture design in which both top and bottom cells are made of perovskite absorbers. Our calculations indicate that such perovskite-on-perovskite tandem devices could reach efficiencies over 35%. Our analysis serves to establish the first roadmap for this type of cells based on actual optical characterization data. We foresee that this study will encourage the research on novel near-infrared perovskite materials for photovoltaic applications, which may have implications in the rapidly emerging field of tandem devices.Unión Europea Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 307081 (POLIGHT)España, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AT2014-54852- R

Optical Flow in a Smart Sensor Based on Hybrid Analog-Digital Architecture

The purpose of this study is to develop a motion sensor (delivering optical flow estimations) using a platform that includes the sensor itself, focal plane processing resources, and co-processing resources on a general purpose embedded processor. All this is implemented on a single device as a SoC (System-on-a-Chip). Optical flow is the 2-D projection into the camera plane of the 3-D motion information presented at the world scenario. This motion representation is widespread well-known and applied in the science community to solve a wide variety of problems. Most applications based on motion estimation require work in real-time; hence, this restriction must be taken into account. In this paper, we show an efficient approach to estimate the motion velocity vectors with an architecture based on a focal plane processor combined on-chip with a 32 bits NIOS II processor. Our approach relies on the simplification of the original optical flow model and its efficient implementation in a platform that combines an analog (focal-plane) and digital (NIOS II) processor. The system is fully functional and is organized in different stages where the early processing (focal plane) stage is mainly focus to pre-process the input image stream to reduce the computational cost in the post-processing (NIOS II) stage. We present the employed co-design techniques and analyze this novel architecture. We evaluate the system’s performance and accuracy with respect to the different proposed approaches described in the literature. We also discuss the advantages of the proposed approach as well as the degree of efficiency which can be obtained from the focal plane processing capabilities of the system. The final outcome is a low cost smart sensor for optical flow computation with real-time performance and reduced power consumption that can be used for very diverse application domains