Perencanaan Komponen Dies Pipa PVC Jenis SNI-10 dengan Computer Aided Design And Drafting

. In the manufacturing industry, the machine components are not only able to process metallic materials but also other materials such as polymers, ceramics, and composites. Although, the PVC pipe is one of the many common types of polymers. This is because, the PVC pipe has several advantages such as light weight, high corrosion resistance, easy to install, and more economic. The process of creating an application program of machine elements for the manufacture of dies on a PVC pipe, the process parameters need to be planned well. Therefore, the analysis of these calculations is made to be used as an input data in program design elements of the planning application machines for the manufacture of dies on PVC pipe. This program uses a Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD) that use AutoLISP program for the imaging process and planning and also Dialogue Control Language to do the selection process, from materials selection to the calculation until the image as required to be produced. An expected program designing application machine elements for the manufacture of dies on PVC pipe can be applied to improve the previous method which is time consuming and the accuracy of the imaging process.Keywords. Designing, Drawing, Computer Aided Design and Drafting, PVC Pipe, AutoLISP

Analisa Struktur Mikro Dan Sifat Mekanik Pada Copper-iron Melalui Proses Mechanical Milling Dan Continuous Sintering

Mechanical Alloying (MA) / Mechanical Milling (MM) is a process of processing of solid metal powders including the union and re-destruction of powder particles by using high-energy ball mill. The difference depends on whether material transfer is involved or not during processing. The study was conducted by analyzing the effect of the mechanical milling process by comparing the microstructure and mechanical properties of the copper-iron between the ones before milling (sample 1) and after milling for 2 hours (sample 2). The sample was made into a green compact cold pressing process with an emphasis system using mechanical mechanisms and dual emphasis techniques. Sintering process using continuous type machine with conveyor belt mesh and furnace type is muffle. After that cooled with natural water jacket process. Vicker hardness testing and strength testing (tensile strength test) is performed to determine the mechanical properties of copper-iron alloys that occur. The mean value of sample 1 hardness (before milling) was 39.8 HV. The mean value of sample hardness 2 (after milling) was 74.9 HV. The value of the yield strength (σ) of sample 1 is 17.597MPa, and the value of ductility (ε) is 0.119. The value of the yield strength (σ) of sample 2 is 18.547MPa, and the value of ductility (ε) is 0.073. The observation of micro structure was done to know the physiological surface of the alloy formed and to know the distribution of the composition. Observation of sample microstructure 1 shows solid phase formation ε (silver color) is an area of iron element formed with large size. Solid phase γ (orange color) is an area of copper element formed with large size. The visible elements are copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) which have a large percentage formed with large size (> 50 μm), and the pore is also large (> 50 μm). For carbon element (C), it looks gray, with a small amount. For other elements, such as zinc (Zn), phosphorus (P), and Tin (Sn), generally, they are at the grain boundary of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) elements. Observation of sample microstructure 2 shows solid phase formation ε (silver color) showing iron area area formed with smaller size. The solid phase γ (white color) shows the copper element area formed with a smaller size. The elements seen are copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) with a small size (<50 μm), and small pores occur. From the test results and analysis showed that by shrinking the size of metal powder by milling for 2 hours can increase the hardness and yield strength of the product. Although the product becomes more brittle which is indicated by the decreased ductility value

FINAL REPORT POTENCY OF MUSI RIVER AS TOURISM DESTINATION

The Potency of Musi River as Tourism Destination (Anggraini, 2015, 27 pages, 9 chart, 5 picture) This final report discusses about The Potency of Musi River as Tourim Destination. The main purpose of this final report is to know what the potencies of Musi River as Tourism Destination and to know the problem faced in developing water attraction on Musi River. The place of this research is Musi River, Palembang. The Problem of this final report is what is the potency of Musi River as tourism destination and what are the problem faced in developing water attraction on Musi River. The population of this research was the visitors of Kuto Besak Fotress. The number of the sample was 50 respondents. The research methodology of this final report is qualitative Descriptive and technique for collecting data used questionnaire and Interview. The questionnaire used structure questionnaires that open. The Writer conducted interviews with Drs. Ahmad Zazuli as Secretary General of the Department of Culture and Tourism of Palembang City. The method used is in-depth interviews. The result of this report shows that there are some potencies of Musi River as Tourism Destination. The conclusion shows that Musi River has many potencies as Tourism destination such as swimming, canoe, boating, fishing, water bicycle and the kinds of water attraction it can be done in Musi River area that can increase more visitors to come and see how beautiful and attractive this tourism object. Furthermore, the visitor who comes from another region feels no doubt to prove it. The problem faced in developing water attraction on Musi River are disturb economic sector of society and disturb the transport path of ship

Experimental study on the performance of multi-layered bulletproof vest

A bulletproof vest should have high strength and durability to resist a bullet as vital war equipment. However, the cost of creating good quality bulletproof vest is expensive. Therefore, research about an alternative bulletproof vest with affordable cost and competitive quality is needed. This research aims to review and compare two alternative vest types with one commercial type IV vest. Both alternative vests have similar components, except the second one has an additional Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) component. The ballistic test shows that alternative vests are still not enough to resist a 5.56 mm bullet, but it has the potency to handle a 9 mm bullet. Furthermore, the influence of UHMWPE to resist 9 mm bullets is shown in this research

Nanolithography on the Electron Beam Resist using the Scanning Probe Microscope Cantilever

This research demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating nanoscale resist patterns on a silicon (Si) substrate using a scanning probe microscope (SPM). In order to utilize scanning probe nanolithography (SPNL) with the other micro-machining techniques such as dry etching, plating and lift-off process, nanoscale resist patterns should be created on an Si substrate with high accuracy in SPNL. We have, so far, established the negative type of SPNL using the negative-tone electron beam (EB) resist named SAL601. The primary objective of this research is to find out appropriate process conditions for establishing the positive type of SPNL using the positive EB resist "³ZEP520A"³. This paper describes the variations of experimentally created nano-patterns depending on the process conditions, and determines the appropriate process conditions from the variations obtained. In addition, we analyzed the electric field in the EB resist by a finite element method (FEM), for estimating the line width of the nano-pattern created by SPNL

Pemodelan dan Analisa Struktur Mekanika pada Kontrol Sistem Adaptif End Effector dengan Dynamixel Ax-18a Motor Servo

The main objective of this project is to make a descriptive contribution to the understanding of adaptive end-effector design combined with servo motors. The simulation and design of this tool is located at the end of the robotic arm, which is one of the most researched topics in the world of robotics and the automation industry. End-effector is a design system in an automation process that must take into account the many possibilities of statics and mechanical responses in the development of facing intense competition in the industrial world. To determine the enhancements on a robot, the end-effector will be designed taking into account the various possibilities that occur in various variations on the workpiece response, so that it can simulate various levels of friction and pressure as well as the effects of end-effector contacts with various objects. This thesis introduces an integrated design process for the design of two-finger Gripper using simulation. To facilitate the integrated design of the Gripper, the author uses Matlab R2015a software/ Simulink (SimMechanics) and Inventor as a 3D Cad Model. The Servo motor that will be used here is a type of Dynamixel AX-18A servo motor which has a speed of 97RPM and Torque of 1.8 N.m with a 12Volt voltage. To deal with the industrial revolution 4.0, design and design such as this tool will help in the process of improvisation as technology is growing rapidly in the hope of minimizing excessive costs when making improvements. From this thesis can be seen the power response, torque, speed, power in, power out, efficiency and current. When a case requires certain specifications, then with this calculation it can easily solve the problem simply by replacing the motors that are in accordance with the desired specifications

Finite Element Analysis With Static And Dynamic Conditions Of Spare Wheel Carrier For Oh 1526 Fabricated By Saph 440 Hot Rolled Steel

Spare Wheel Carrier is a component that must exists in a heavy duty vehicle. The function of this part is to store additional wheel in order to deal with punctures that might happen to the tire. This part is usually placed in the middle of the vehicle in order to maintain the position of center of gravity of the vehicle. The purpose of this research is to analyze the strength of SAPH 440 as the manufacturing material of the Spare Wheel Carrier from one automotive company. The Spare Wheel Carrier will endure a load of a replacement tire for its entire cyclic load. The load itself will generate stresses and strains in the part, especially in the welding joint. Therefore, the analysis is to be done to provide the automotive company with the result to determine improvement that should be made. The method that is used in this research is using CATIA software to create the three dimensional model of the part. Later, we import the model to ANSYS software to analyze the equivalent stress, equivalent elastic strain, directional deformation, and cyclic load for steady load, live load, and shock load. The calculation shows that the part can endure the force from steady load, with the estimated cyclic load of 70,723 cycles. But for live load, the stress and strain will be happening around the yield strength and offset yield strength and the estimated cyclic load declining significantly to 6,358.6 cycles. Furthermore, the shock load result stated that the stress and the strain are exceeding the yield strength and reduces the estimated cyclic load to 1,843.9 cycles. In conclusion, the material is proven to be safe for USAge as the Spare Wheel Carrier manufacturing material.Keywords. spare wheel carrier, SAPH 440, stress, strain, deformation, cyclic loa

KONTRIBUSI PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN KERINCI DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANAU KERINCI

Danau adalah sumber daya alam strategis bagi kehidupan karena danau menyumbang fungsi yang multidimensi bagi kelangsungan hidup, termasuk manusia. Namun sejauh ini pemanfaatannya oleh manusia sebagai sumber daya alam common pool goods melupakan keberlanjutan fungsi danau. Agar Multiguna ekosistem danau terwujud, diperlukan sistem pengelolaan danau yang memenuhi kaidah tata ruang yang benar, regulasi dan kelembagaan yang jelas, serta kelestarian ekosistemnya yang terus terjaga. Penelitian ini tentang Kontribusi Pemerintah Kabupaten Kerinci Dalam Pengelolaan Danau Kerinci. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dimana dalam pendekatan kualitatif pengumpulan data dan penganalisisannya dengan mengelolah kata-kata baik lisan maupun tulisan, serta menginterpretasikan perbuatan manusia. Penelitian Kualitatif tidak berusaha menghitung atau mengkuantifikasikan data yang telah diperoleh dan dengan demikian tidak mengalisis angka-angka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kewenangan pengelolaan danau di tingkat kabupaten ditangan beberapa instansi pemerintahan diantaranya Dinas Lingkungan Hidup, Dinas Pariwisata dan Kebudayaan, Dinas Perikanan dan Ketahanan Pangan, Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura, Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, sesuai tupoksi masing-masin

Analysis of Welding Procedure Specifications for steel line pipe material

This study proposes the welding process steel line pipe material of API5L Grade X52 diameter Ø8 inch SCH80 type, subjected to the good quality of the product by following the Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS). The purpose of welding using WPS is to ensure that the welding process follows the correct stages because the steps are proper. The weld results will be free from defects and safe for line pipes. In order to confirm the WPS quality, the characterisations of macrostructure, microstructure, and mechanical properties were analysed. The welding process results by following the procedure specifications, from macrostructure shown no porosity, and sample without following the welding procedure specifications shown porosity at weld metal position. The tensile test sample following the welding procedure specifications showed high strength and ductility compared with the samples without welding procedure specifications. This phenomenon occurs due to the grain size of the martensitic structure and a little bit of growth compared with a sample without following the welding procedure specifications. Furthermore, the bending test result shows that both samples have no crack at the weld metal position.

Penurunan Ukuran Butir Serbuk Besi dengan Ball Milling 744 Rpm dan Ball To Powder Weight Ratio 1:5

Creating a magnet with powder metallurgy technology, the materials to be processed must be available in powder form with a relatively very fine size, in micrometers (μm). In the magnetism of materials, grinding the material to obtain a very fine powder size is intended to obtain a magnetic material powder having a single domain. One tool commonly used to reduce the size of the powder to reach the size of a micrometer (μm) is a ball milling machine. This tool works by using hard balls in a drum. The balls are clashing each other with ground powder until the powder size becomes very small. Ball milling is using a strong material SS400, so it is expected to last long. While the special drum uses a base material of metal that is non-magnetic based Austenitic Manganese Steel. Ball uses a Ni-Hard ball. The AC motor measured with a stroboscope while carrying the load is 744 rpm. The process of smoothing that occurs inside the tube when the machine is run is the occurrence of collisions between Ni-Hard balls with the best grind sand is 83.3 grams with the number of Ni-Hard ball 101 fruit with a diameter of 10 mm and 75 pieces with a diameter of 11 mm, with using a 1:5 ratio. The process of shooting using Keyence optical microscope VHX 5000 with 200x bundle. Significant size changes occur with grinding with 10 mm diameter Ni-Hard ball from 15 minutes to 45 minutes. Then by using a Ni-Hard ball diameter of 11 mm also changed although not too significant