CHINA'S ENERGY DIPLOMACY TOWARDS RUSSIA IN THE EASTERN SIBERIA PIPELINE DEVELOPMENT DURING PRESIDENT XI JINPING PERIOD

China is a very active country in building energy diplomacy relations towards Russia. Since the end of the Cold War, the intensity of energy relations between the two countries has been increasing, one of which is related to the Eastern Siberian pipeline project. The Eastern Siberian pipeline project is a strategic project for China to maintain the stability of their energy security in the future. This is what makes China under the leadership of Xi Jinping, increasingly seeking to improve their energy diplomacy relations towards Russia in an effort to develop the Eastern Siberian pipeline project which includes two major projects, specifically oil pipeline through the Eastern Siberian Pasific Ocean  (ESPO) and the natural gas pipeline through the Power of Siberia. Using qualitative research methods and literature reviews, the authors sought to provide an in-depth analysis of China's implementation of energy diplomacy against Russia in the development of the Eastern Siberian pipeline. China's energy diplomacy towards Russia is part of efforts to diversify China's energy imports many involving actors of China's national energy companies. This research also proves that energy cooperation relationships are not only built within bilateral frameworks but also in multilateral frameworks as part of China-Russia efforts to accelerate the development of the Eastern Siberian pipeline

Kebijakan Asuransi Kesehatan Taiwan (Taiwan National Health Insurance) dan Pembelajaran Bagi Negara Berkembang

Taiwan mendapat apresiasi dari berbagai negara di dunia berkat kemampuannya dalam mengendalikan penyebaran Covid-19. Kesuksesan Taiwan dalam menangani Covid-19 tidak terlepas dari sistem asuransi nasional satu pintu (NHI) yang telah diterapkan Taiwan sejak tahun 1995. Saat ini NHI Taiwan dianggap sebagai asuransi kesehatan nasional terbaik di dunia. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kebijakan asuransi kesehatan Taiwan, baik proses lahirnya NHI maupun reformasi yang dilakukan NHI dalam kurun waktu 25 tahun terakhir. Diakhir tulisan ini merekomendasikan beberapa pembelajaran yang bisa diambil oleh negara berkembang terkait dengan NHI Taiwan.Taiwan received appreciation from various countries in the world for its ability to control the spread of Covid-19. Taiwan's success in dealing with Covid-19 is inseparable from the one-stop national insurance system (NHI) that has been implemented by Taiwan since 1995. At present, NHI Taiwan is considered as the best national health insurance in the world. Through a qualitative approach that is analytical descriptive in nature, this paper aims to describe Taiwan's health insurance policies, both the process of the birth of the NHI and the reforms carried out by the NHI in the past 25 years. At the end of this article, we recommend some lessons that can be taken by developing countries related to NHI Taiwan

Strategi Manuver Geoekonomi Indonesia dalam Merespons Dukungan Negara-Negara Pasifik Selatan atas Isu Kemerdekaan Papua

The focus of the study in this research is the issue of the right to self-determination of Papua which has the support of countries in the South Pacific region. The Free Papua Movement (OPM) in Papua is motivated by differences in the history of integration, social and economic conditions between Indonesia and Papua. The support given by these countries for Papua has disturbed Indonesia's political sovereignty and national security conditions, so that the Indonesian government has responded with soft power. The response is in the form of an economic approach to Papua (internal) and South Pacific Countries (external). In discussing this research, the author uses a geoeconomic perspective with qualitative research methods, through data collection techniques from literature studies and various sources that are credible and relevant to the research. In addition, this research is also supported by primary data through interviews with parties who have the ability to discuss research problems.Keywords: geo-economics, Papua, self-determinations issues, South Pacific countries

ASEAN Energy Market Integration and Indonesia's Policy to Address Energy Poverty: Convergence or Divergence?

Access to modern energy among Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) member countries has not been evenly distributed and some member countries are still in a status of energy poverty. Therefore, ASEAN has initiated the integration of energy markets. Indonesia is one of the ASEAN countries that still needs to overcome the problem of inequality in access to energy, especially in remote, isolated, underdeveloped, rural and border areas. ASEAN Energy Market Integration (AEMI) is based on the logic that integration of energy markets would allow national governments to address energy policy challenges more effectively and efficiently than they are able to do on their own; it therefore emphasizes interconnectivity through trade and energy investment. This study analyzed the linkage between the points of agreement in AEMI and the implementation of Indonesian policies in the context of harmonization of regulations, development of energy infrastructure, and subsidy policies. Using qualitative research methods, this study sought to rationalize whether the linkage between AEMI and Indonesian policies was convergent or divergent. This study concluded that there was a convergence between the AEMI agreement and the implementation of policies in Indonesia to address energy poverty. Keywords: AEMI, energy poverty, Indonesia, policy, electrification, new and renewable energ

Keberhasilan Bantuan Luar Negeri di Asia Timur Laut: Sebuah Pembelajaran Bagi Negara Berkembang

After the second world war, Northeast Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, China and Taiwan, were recipient countries of foreign aid. Then, the countries changed its status from the recipient countries to the donor countries. This paper aims to explain the factors that led to the success of Northeast Asian countries to change their status from foreign aid recipient to foreign aid providers. This research departs from the tradition of empiricism and is a qualitative research using descriptive-analytical methods. This research shows that good governance, the close relations between donor countries and recipient countries, as well as huge investments in infrastructure and human resources are the key to the success of foreign aid in Northeast Asian countries. This study concludes that the country's enormous role (ownership) in the management of foreign aid is the most influencing factor

Food Security During the COVID-19 Pandemic : Policy Comparison in Five Developing Countries in Asia

This study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted five developing Asian countries in terms of food security policies, particularly in Malaysia, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, Nepal, and Indonesia. These five countries have several differences, such as population, the quantity of main imported foods, food self-sufficiency policies, and natural resource conditions. This research uses a qualitative approach with literature study methods. The study shows that each country's initial policies in response to COVID-19, especially in terms of transportation mobility restriction, has impacted on food distribution. Domestic food stocks, subsidies, and government financial assistance are considered capable of maintaining food security temporarily. Nevertheless, domestic policies alone will not be sufficient to maintain and ensure long-term availability, affordability, and safety of food products. This study concludes that the optimization of local food production and imported food products is essential to maintain the balance of the supply chain of food in the country