FIGURES 1–2 in Tricorythodes tragoedia sp. nov. (Ephemeroptera: Leptohyphidae), a new species from Rio Doce and surrounding areas, southeastern Brazil

FIGURES 1–2. Tricorythodes tragoedia sp. nov., habitus: (1) male imago, paratype, dorsal view; (2) mature nymph, paratype, dorsal view

Checklist of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) from São Mateus River Basin, Espírito Santo, Brazil

ABSTRACTIn order to expand the knowledge on the composition of Ephemeroptera from large rivers, we present, herein, the first survey of mayflies from the São Mateus River Basin, Espírito Santo State. Adults were collected biannually in 2012 and 2013 with the aid of Pennsylvania light trap in eleven points distributed in the main river of the river basin, São Mateus River and its two main tributaries, Cotaxé River (Braço Norte) and Cricaré River (Braço Sul). Thirty-three species were identified (22 nominal and 11 morphospecies) in 24 genera and five families. One genus and one species are reported for the first time from Brazil, three species from Southeastern Region of Brazil, and two species from the state. Five species and one genus not previously described were also found. Moreover, around 20% of the known species of mayfly registered from the state were found. This work reinforces the need to give more attention to research on large rivers due to the high potential for diversity, not only for Ephemeroptera, but also for other aquatic insects

Latineosus sigillatus Molineri 2014, new combination

<i>Latineosus sigillatus</i> (Molineri, 2014), new combination <p>(Figs. 2–4)</p> <p> <i>Alloretochus sigillatus</i> Molineri 2014: 142, Angeli <i>et al.</i> 2015: 200</p> <p> <b>Adults and egg</b>. Adequately described by Molineri (2014).</p> <p> <b>Nymph</b>. <b>Diagnosis.</b> 1) Compound eyes strongly produced dorsally (Figs. 3A, B, C); 2) Anterior margin of compound eyes not extending anterior of base of middle ocellar tubercle (Fig. 3C); 3) Lateral ocellar tubercle with length subequal to basal width, triangulate in lateral view, apex rounded; 4) Labrum trapezoidal with lateral margin nearly straight; 5) Operculate gill ventrally without submarginal microtrichia; 6) Abdominal segment VI with a pair of projections not overlapping medially (Fig. 4B, C); 7) Abdominal segments VII-VIII without projections.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Coloration: General coloration yellowish brown. Head with diffuse dark brown marks on vertex (Fig. 3A); antenna pale. Thorax (Fig. 2B) with pronotum with dark brown mark in medial region; posterior margin of mesonotum dark brown; metanotum shaded with brown; ventrally pale; legs pale. Abdomen (Fig. 2B) dorsally with segments I and II shaded with light brown and with dark brown marks in medial region; segments VII–X with dark brown marks in medial region; ventrally pale; operculate gill with Y-ridge dark brown. Caudal filaments pale with apex shaded with light gray.</p> <p>Lengths (mm): body, 3.9–4.7; caudal filaments, 1.4–2.2; antenna, 0.9–1.1.</p> <p> Head: <i>Occiput</i> relatively densely covered with long setae. <i>Compound eye</i> (Figs. 3A, B, C) strongly produced dorsally; anterior margin not extending anterior of base of middle ocellar tubercle. <i>Lateral ocellar tubercle</i> (Fig. 3C, 4A) length subequal to basal width, triangulate in lateral view, apex rounded. <i>Middle ocellar tubercle</i> (Fig. 3A, B, 4A) tapered-conical in dorsal view; length 0.7 × of basal width, and 0.7 × length of lateral ocellar tubercle; apex rounded. <i>Antenna</i> with pedicel 1.0 × length of scape, with 4 or 5 setae on pedicel. <i>Labrum</i> trapezoidal with lateral margin nearly straight. <i>Hypopharynx</i> with superlingua subovate with lateral margin moderately and convexly produced. <i>Maxilla</i> (Fig. 3D) with galea-lacinia length 2.3 × basal width; palp segment I width 1.6 × width of segment II; segment II 1.4 × length of segment I, with seven long, stout setae along inner margin.</p> <p> Thorax: <i>Pronotum</i> with anterior margin moderately emarginate; lateral margin not forming distinctly convex ridge, without angulate expansion. <i>Propleuron</i> partially visible in dorsal view. <i>Legs</i>. Ratios of lengths of body: foreleg: midleg: hindleg—3.6: 1.0: 1.7: 1.8. Ratios of lengths of forefemur: tibia: tarsus: claw—2.1: 1.0: 1.1: 0.7. Ratios of length of hindfemur: tibia: tarsus: claw—1.7: 1.0: 1.0: 0.5. <i>Foreleg.</i> Femur. Dorsally with few long setae and many short setae; ventrally with sparse row of short setae and many long setae on basal third; length of long setae 0.5–1.5 × width of femur. Tibia. Ventral margin with row of about seven setae as long as, or shorter than, width of tibia; posterior surface with some scattered setae measuring 1.2–1.5 × width of tibia, but not arranged in distinct row. Tarsus. Ventral margin with row of about 12 setae as long as, or shorter than, width of tarsus; anterior and posterior surfaces with some setae as long as 1.8 × width of tarsus, not in distinct rows. <i>Hindleg</i>. Femur length 7.0 × width; outer margin with row of short setae and few setae 1.5 × longer than width of femur; inner margin with short setae. Tibia. Outer margin with long, fine setae measuring in length about 2.8 × width of tibia; inner margin with few fine, simple setae. Tarsus. Outer margin bare; inner margin with row of about 6 fine, simple setae. Tarsal claw length 7.4 × basal width.</p> <p> Abdomen: <i>Terga</i>. Posterolateral projection V length 3.4 × basal width (Fig. 4B, C, D); projection VI with distal half with outer margin posterior to inner margin in dorsal view, and with apex rounded, pair of projections not overlapping medially (Fig. 4B, C); segments VII–IX without projections. <i>Sterna</i>. Sternum IX with posterior margin truncate. <i>Operculate gill</i> (Fig. 4B, C, E). Length 1.2 × width; dorsum with lateral region with some long setae onefifth to one-third length of gill; posteromedial corner with row of long marginal setae measuring up to one-third length of gill; posterolateral corner with marginal setae one-sixth to one-fourth of gill and not longer than posteromedial corner setae; Y-ridge weakly developed, narrow, indistinct; ventral submarginal microtrichia absent.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 8 nymphs, BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Rio Cotaxé, Japira, S 18º34'39.1" / W 40º16'58.0", 18/iv/2013, F.F. Salles, E. Rosário, cols.; 6 male imagos from Pensilvânia light trap, same data as previous, except: 22–23/xi/2012. 18 male imagos from Pennsylvania light trap, BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, Nova Venécia, Rio Cricaré, Santa Rita do Pip Nuck, S 18°39'51.4'' / W 40°30'44.9'', 18–19/iv/2012. 94 male imagos from Pennsylvania light trap, BRAZIL, Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Rio Cotaxé, Sr. Gama farm, S 18°37'41.1" / W 40°6'41.6", 20–21/xi/2013. 35 male imagos, BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Bossoroca, Barra de Angico, Rio Piratinim, 28.vi.2009, S 28o 32' 26" W 54o 57' 30", AMO Pes col.</p>Published as part of <i>Angeli, Kamila Batista, Salles, Frederico Falcão, Paresque, Roberta, Molineri, Carlos & Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, 2016, Stage description, new combination and new records of Neotropical Brachycercinae (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae), pp. 268-278 in Zootaxa 4088 (2)</i> on pages 272-274, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4088.2.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/257531">http://zenodo.org/record/257531</a&gt

Stage description, new combination and new records of Neotropical Brachycercinae (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae)

We present taxonomic contributions and new records for Neotropical Brachycercinae based on material from Brazil. We performed a phylogenetic analysis in order to test the relationship between Alloretochus Sun & McCafferty, 2008 and Latineosus Sun & McCafferty, 2008, and Alloretochus sigillatus was recovered in the Latineosus clade. Therefore, we propose a new combination, Latineosus sigillatus comb. N. The nymph of Latineosus sigillatus is described and is associated with imago through molecular tools. Moreover, Alloretochus peruanicus (Soldán, 1986) is reported for the first time from Brazil.Fil: Angeli, Kamila Batista. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Salles, Federico Falcao. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Paresque, Roberta. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Molineri, Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucuman. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical. Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical; ArgentinaFil: Ramos Costa Lima, Lucas. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasi

Primeiro levantamento da fauna de Ephemeroptera (Insecta) do Espírito Santo, Sudeste do Brasil

A partir de coletas realizadas entre 2008 e 2009 no Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, entre outras áreas do Espírito Santo, apresentamos o primeiro levantamento da fauna de Ephemeroptera do estado. A despeito do seu pequeno tamanho, pois a área do estado representa apenas 0,53% do território nacional, uma surpreendente diversidade de Ephemeroptera foi encontrada. Ao todo foram identificadas 76 espécies, 41 gêneros e nove famílias, que representam aproximadamente 25% das espécies brasileiras, 65% dos gêneros e quase todas as famílias ocorrentes no Brasil. Destes táxons, 17 espécies (a maioria de Baetidae e Leptophlebiidae) são novos para a ciência. Cinco espécies, coletadas apenas no estágio ninfal, não puderam ser identificadas. O presente trabalho demonstra que, como para muitos organismos, a diversidade de Ephemeroptera para o estado é alta e mais pesquisas sobre a composição faunística de insetos aquáticos no Espírito Santo devem ser incentivadas