Registro de Diradops bionica Ugalde y Gauld, 2002 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Banchinae) para México y de otras dos especies para Oaxaca

Diradops is an endemic genus of the family Ichneumonidae in the American Continent; the majority of its species in the Neotropical Region. Seven species are present in Mexico, including a new record for Mexico, D. bionica Ugalde & Gauld, 2002 (previously recorded only from Costa Rica); D. hyphantriae Kasparyan & Pinson, 2007 and D. pulcher Kasparyan, 2007 are new records for the State of Oaxaca

Volteando la tortilla. Género y maíz en la alimentación actual de México.

Ante escenarios complejos, patriarcales y desoladores que dejan ver el neoliberalismo, la globalización agroalimentaria, el calentamiento global y las contaminaciones de granos nativos por la imposición de transgénicos, nos cuestionamos si existen algunas alternativas para preservar el maíz nativo como un recurso multiestratégico (alimentario, económico, cultural, ecológico y tecnológico) tomando en cuenta las condiciones actuales de desigualdades sociales de género, etnia, clases y edad que predominan en el campo mexicano. Para responder a algunos cuestionamientos, este libro presenta algunas alternativas a través de diversas experiencias femeninas y de relaciones de género en torno al maíz y la alimentación. Todas ellas muestran que es posible construir una masa crítica para salvaguardar el maíz nativo bajo esas condiciones desoladoras, pero siempre y cuando se “voltee la tortilla”, metáfora que da pie al inicio de otra realidad humanizada y en sincronía con la naturaleza.Proyecto realizado con financiamiento Conacy

El proceso enseñanza aprendizaje de los problemas verbales aditivos simples en primer grado de educación primaria

Licenciatura en Educació

Is Allelopathic Activity of Ipomoea murucoides Induced by Xylophage Damage?

Herbivory activates the synthesis of allelochemicals that can mediate plant-plant interactions. There is an inverse relationship between the activity of xylophages and the abundance of epiphytes on Ipomoea murucoides. Xylophagy may modify the branch chemical constitution, which also affects the liberation of allelochemicals with defense and allelopathic properties. We evaluated the bark chemical content and the effect of extracts from branches subjected to treatments of exclusion, mechanical damage and the presence/absence of epiphytes, on the seed germination of the epiphyte Tillandsia recurvata. Principal component analysis showed that branches without any treatment separate from branches subjected to treatments; damaged and excluded branches had similar chemical content but we found no evidence to relate intentional damage with allelopathy; however 1-hexadecanol, a defense volatile compound correlated positively with principal component (PC) 1. The chemical constitution of branches subject to exclusion plus damage or plus epiphytes was similar among them. PC2 indicated that palmitic acid (allelopathic compound) and squalene, a triterpene that attracts herbivore enemies, correlated positively with the inhibition of seed germination of T. recurvata. Inhibition of seed germination of T. recurvata was mainly correlated with the increment of palmitic acid and this compound reached higher concentrations in excluded branches treatments. Then, it is likely that the allelopathic response of I. murucoides would increase to the damage (shade, load) that may be caused by a high load of epiphytes than to damage caused by the xylophages

Seasonal diversity of Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) is more complex than thought: evidence from a tropical dry forest of Mexico

Global climate change is expected to affect temperature and precipitation patterns worldwide, which in turn is likely to affect insect phenology, distribution and diversity. To improve our understanding of such processes, it is important to understand how insects may respond to changes in seasonality, and how these affect their activity, patterns of distribution and species richness. The tropical dry forest (TDF) is a highly seasonal ecosystem, for which two seasons are commonly described (rainy and dry) and there is a lack of information on the combined effect of both precipitation and temperature on the insect communities. In order to evaluate the seasonal patterns in the community of Cerambycidae in a TDF, historical climatic variables were obtained, and an annual sampling of the family was carried out, using three collection techniques. We found that the Cerambycidae family showed a more complex response to climate, than simply the rainy and dry season of the year. The relationship between diversity and composition of cerambycids with changes in temperature and precipitation showed four seasonal communities which were synchronized with phenological processes of the TDF. Climate change could reduce biodiversity, causing seasonal patterns to lose complexity, either because the climatic characteristics of a season disappear and/or because the duration of a season expands, these changes will modify the ecological processes of the TDF, since they would generate changes in the flora and fauna associated with the different seasons

New host and distribution records for Buprestidae (Coleoptera) from the state of Morelos, Mexico

Reyes-González, Roberto, Toledo-Hernández, Víctor Hugo, Manjarrez, Ana Gabriela Torres-, Flores-Palacios, Alejandro, Corona-López, Angélica María (2021): New host and distribution records for Buprestidae (Coleoptera) from the state of Morelos, Mexico. Zootaxa 4920 (2): 211-222, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4920.2.

Spatio-temporal variation of Cerambycidae-host tree interaction networks.

Despite its high ecological importance, the commensal interactions at community level are poorly studied. In tropical dry forests (TDF) there is a great diversity of species adapted to the high seasonality that characterizes them; however, little is known regarding how the spatial and temporal availability of resources generates changes in the pattern of commensal interactions. We experimentally studied changes in the diversity, composition, and pattern of interactions in spatio-temporal associations between the saproxylophagous beetles and their host trees in a TDF in Morelos, Mexico. A total of 65 host tree species were selected, from which 16 wood sections were obtained per species. These sections were exposed in the field to allow oviposition by the cerambycids under four different (spatio-temporal) treatments. We analyzed the network structure and generated indices at species level (i.e., specialization, species strength, and effective partners) and those related to physical characteristics of the wood (hardness and degradation rate) and the cerambycids (body size). In total, 1,323 individuals of 57 species of cerambycids emerged. Our results showed that, independently of the space and time, the network presented a nested and modular structure, with a high specialization degree and a high turnover of cerambycid species and their interactions. In general, we found that the cerambycids are mostly associated with softwood species with a lower decomposition rate of wood, as well as with the most abundant host species. The commensalistic interactions between the cerambycids and their host trees are highly specialized but are not spatio-temporally static. The high turnover in the interactions is caused by the emergence patterns of cerambycids, which seem to restrict their use to certain species. The knowledge of the spatio-temporal variation in Cerambycidae-host tree interactions allows us to predict how environmental and structural changes in the habitat can modify the species ensemble, and therefore its interactions

Branch mortality influences phorophyte quality for vascular epiphytes

Trees generate resources for other guilds (e.g. lianas), including the production of supporting branches for the establishment of epiphytes. In a tropical dry forest of central Mexico, we studied whether branch mortality is associated with phorophyte quality. During a year, we monitored the survival of branches with and without vascular epiphytes in tree species with high (Bursera copallifera, B. glabrifolia) and low (B. fagaroides, Conzattia multiflora, Ipomoea pauciflora, Sapium macrocarpum) epiphyte loads. The lowest (Conzattia multiflora) and highest (Ipomoea pauciflora) branch mortalities occurred in phorophytes with low epiphyte loads, while branch mortality in Sapium macrocarpum was 60%, and all of Bursera species hadThe accepted manuscript in pdf format is listed with the files at the bottom of this page. The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the manuscript may differ slightly between what is listed on this page and what is listed in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript; that in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript is what was submitted by the author

Mean (± SE) of the variables measured in branches of the tree <i>Ipomoea murucoides</i> subjected to three main treatments (factors): exclusion (excluded <i>vs</i>. non-excluded branches), intentional damage (branches with intentional damage <i>vs</i>. branches without intentional damage) and with the presence/absence of <i>T</i>. <i>recurvata</i> (N = 28).

<p>No single variable showed statistical differences between factor levels (P > 0.05). F _1,48 values of the variables within each factor were in italics and in parenthesis.</p

Mean (± SE) of the percentage of inhibition of the germination of <i>T</i>. <i>recurvata</i> seeds in response to the application of dichloromethane extracts obtained from branches of <i>I</i>. <i>murucoides</i>.

<p>The data refer the interaction between pairs of the main factors of the experiment: exclusion (excluded <i>vs</i>. non-excluded branches), intentional damage (branches with intentional damage <i>vs</i>. branches without intentional damage) and with the presence/absence of <i>T</i>. <i>recurvata</i> (N = 48). Within each section of the table, different letters indicate statistical differences between the interaction of the pairs of treatments (Tukey test P < 0.05).</p