Transbronchial and transesophageal fine-needle aspiration using a single ultrasound bronchoscope in the diagnosis of locoregional recurrence of surgically-treated lung cancer

The present study sought to evaluate the usefulness of EBUS-TBNA in the diagnosis of locoregional recurrence of lung cancer in a cohort of lung cancer patients who were previously treated surgically, and describe our initial experience of EUS-B-FNA in this clinical scenario. We retrospectively studied the clinical records of all patients with a previous surgically-treated lung cancer who were referred to our bronchoscopy unit after suspicion of locoregional recurrence. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and overall accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of locoregional recurrence were evaluated. Seventy-three patients were included. EBUS-TBNA confirmed malignancy in 40 patients: 34 confirmed to have locoregional recurrence, six had metachronous tumours. Of the 33 patients with non-malignant EBUS-TBNA; 2 had specific non-malignant diseases, 26 underwent radiological follow up and 5 patients underwent surgery. Of the 26 patients who had radiological follow up; 18 remained stable, three presented thoracic radiological progression and 5 presented extrathoracic progression. Of the 5 patients who underwent surgery; 3 had metachronous tumours, one confirmed to be a true negative and one presented nodal invasion. Seven patients underwent EUS-B-FNA, four of them confirmed to have recurrence. The sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV and overall accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of locoregional recurrence were 80.9, 100, 69.2, 100 and 86.6% respectively. EBUS-TBNA is an accurate procedure for the diagnosis of locoregional recurrence of surgically-treated lung cancer. EUS-B-FNA combined with EBUS-TBNA broads the diagnostic yield of EBUS-TBNA alone

Propuesta de estadificación ganglionar mediastínica sistemática con punción-aspiración guiada por ecobroncoscopia en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón no célula pequeña

Aquest treball pretèn especificar els determinants necessaris per a l'obtenció de mostres ganglionars del mediastí mitjantçant la ultrasonografia endobronquial amb punció aspirativa, i així obtenir una sensibilitat i un valor predictiu negatiu elevats per a la identificació adequada de metàstasi en el carcinoma pulmonar no cèl·lula petita. Es van incloure 296 pacients amb CPNCP. Es considerà un procediment sistemàtic quan s'accedia com a mínim a un gangli amb mostres satisfactòries de les estacions 4R, 4L i 7. Això s'aconseguí a tres quarts dels pacients estadiats com I/II; amb una sensibilitat i VPN superior al 90%, equiparable a la mediastinoscòpia.Este trabajo pretende determinar los requisitos mínimos de obtención de muestras ganglionares mediastínicas, mediante ultrasonografía endoscópica bronquial con punción aspirativa transbronquial, para obtener una sensibilidad y valor predictivo negativo elevados; indentificando, así, adecuadamente enfermedad metastásica en pacientes con carcinoma pulmonar no célula pequeña. Se incluyeron 296 pacientes diagnosticados de CPNCP. Se consideró un procedimiento sistemático cuando se accedía mínimo a un ganglio de las estaciones 4R, 4L y 7 con muestras satisfactorias; consiguiéndose en tres cuartas partes de los pacientes en estadío I/II tras el procedimiento. Se alcanzó una sensibilidad y un VPN superiores al 90%, equiparándose a la mediastinoscopia

Pleuroparenchymal Fibroelastosis : a New Entity within the Spectrum of Rare Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a rare entity that has been recently included in the official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement in 2013 as a group of rare idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). PPFE is characterized by pleural and subpleural parenchymal thickening due to elastic fiber proliferation, mainly in the upper lobes. The etiology of the disease is unclear, although some cases have been associated as a complication after bone marrow transplantation, lung transplantation (LT), chemotherapy, and recurrent respiratory infections. The patients usually report progressive dyspnea and dry cough and are predisposed to develop spontaneous or iatrogenic pneumothoraces after surgical lung biopsy (SLB) for its diagnosis. That is why better awareness with the clinical and radiologic features can help optimal management by the multidisciplinary team. Novel invasive techniques such as cryobiopsy may become useful tools in these patients as it could spare SLB. We present the first reported cases in Spain

Bronchial Thermoplasty Global Registry (BTGR) : 2-year results

Funding This study was sponsored by Boston Scientific Corporation, Marlborough, MA, USA.Objectives Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a device-based treatment for subjects ≥18 years with severe asthma not well controlled with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists. The Bronchial Thermoplasty Global Registry (BTGR) collected real-world data on subjects undergoing this procedure. Design The BTGR is an all-comer, prospective, open-label, multicentre study enrolling adult subjects indicated for and treated with BT. Setting Eighteen centres in Spain, Italy, Germany, the UK, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, South Africa and Australia Participants One hundred fifty-seven subjects aged 18 years and older who were scheduled to undergo BT treatment for asthma. Subjects diagnosed with other medical conditions which, in the investigator's opinion, made them inappropriate for BT treatment were excluded. Primary and secondary outcome measures Baseline characteristics collected included demographics, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Asthma Control Test (ACT), medication usage, forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity, medical history, comorbidities and 12-month baseline recall data (severe exacerbations (SE) and healthcare utilisation). SE incidence and healthcare utilisation were summarised at 1 and 2 years post-BT. Results Subjects' baseline characteristics were representative of persons with severe asthma. A comparison of the proportion of subjects experiencing events during the 12 months prior to BT to the 2-year follow-up showed a reduction in SE (90.3% vs 56.1%, p<0.0001), emergency room visits (53.8% vs 25.5%, p<0.0001) and hospitalisations (42.9% vs 23.5 %, p=0.0019). Reductions in asthma maintenance medication dosage were also observed. AQLQ and ACT scores improved from 3.26 and 11.18 at baseline to 4.39 and 15.54 at 2 years, respectively (p<0.0001 for both AQLQ and ACT). Conclusions The BTGR demonstrates sustained improvement in clinical outcomes and reduction in asthma medication usage 2 years after BT in a real-world population. This is consistent with results from other BT randomised controlled trials and registries and further supports improvement in asthma control after BT. Trial registration number NCT02104856

Bronchoscopist's perception of the quality of the single-use bronchoscope (Ambu aScope4™) in selected bronchoscopies: a multicenter study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services

Background: The disposable bronchoscope is an excellent alternative to face the problem of SARS-CoV-2 and other cross infections, but the bronchoscopist’s perception of its quality has not been evaluated. Methods: To evaluate the quality of the Ambu-aScope4 disposable bronchoscope, we carried out a cross-sectional study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. We use a standardized questionnaire completed by the bronchoscopists at the end of each bronchoscopy. The variables were described with absolute and relative frequencies, measures of cen‑ tral tendency and dispersion depending on their nature. The existence of learning curves was evaluated by CUSUM analysis. Results: The most frequent indications in 300 included bronchoscopies was bronchial aspiration in 69.3% and the median duration of these was 9.1 min. The route of entry was nasal in 47.2% and oral in 34.1%. The average score for ease of use, image, and aspiration quality was 80/100. All the planned techniques were performed in 94.9% and the bronchoscopist was satisfed in 96.6% of the bronchoscopies. They highlighted the portability and immediacy of the aScope4TM to start the procedure in 99.3%, the possibility of taking and storing images in 99.3%. The CUSUM analysis showed average scores>70/100 from the frst procedure and from the 9th procedure more than 80% of the scores exceeded the 80/100 score

Bronchoscopist's perception of the quality of the single-use bronchoscope (Ambu aScope4™) in selected bronchoscopies : a multicenter study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services

Background: The disposable bronchoscope is an excellent alternative to face the problem of SARS-CoV-2 and other cross infections, but the bronchoscopist's perception of its quality has not been evaluated. Methods: To evaluate the quality of the Ambu-aScope4 disposable bronchoscope, we carried out a cross-sectional study in 21 Spanish pulmonology services. We use a standardized questionnaire completed by the bronchoscopists at the end of each bronchoscopy. The variables were described with absolute and relative frequencies, measures of central tendency and dispersion depending on their nature. The existence of learning curves was evaluated by CUSUM analysis. Results: The most frequent indications in 300 included bronchoscopies was bronchial aspiration in 69.3% and the median duration of these was 9.1 min. The route of entry was nasal in 47.2% and oral in 34.1%. The average score for ease of use, image, and aspiration quality was 80/100. All the planned techniques were performed in 94.9% and the bronchoscopist was satisfied in 96.6% of the bronchoscopies. They highlighted the portability and immediacy of the aScope4TM to start the procedure in 99.3%, the possibility of taking and storing images in 99.3%. The CUSUM analysis showed average scores > 70/100 from the first procedure and from the 9th procedure more than 80% of the scores exceeded the 80/100 score. Conclusions: The aScope4™ scored well for ease of use, imaging, and aspiration. We found a learning curve with excellent scores from the 9th procedure. Bronchoscopists highlighted its portability, immediacy of use and the possibility of taking and storing images

Propuesta de estadificación ganglionar mediastínica sistemática con punción-aspiración guiada por ecobroncoscopia en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón no célula pequeña

Aquest treball pretèn especificar els determinants necessaris per a l'obtenció de mostres ganglionars del mediastí mitjantçant la ultrasonografia endobronquial amb punció aspirativa, i així obtenir una sensibilitat i un valor predictiu negatiu elevats per a la identificació adequada de metàstasi en el carcinoma pulmonar no cèl·lula petita. Es van incloure 296 pacients amb CPNCP. Es considerà un procediment sistemàtic quan s'accedia com a mínim a un gangli amb mostres satisfactòries de les estacions 4R, 4L i 7. Això s'aconseguí a tres quarts dels pacients estadiats com I/II; amb una sensibilitat i VPN superior al 90%, equiparable a la mediastinoscòpia.Este trabajo pretende determinar los requisitos mínimos de obtención de muestras ganglionares mediastínicas, mediante ultrasonografía endoscópica bronquial con punción aspirativa transbronquial, para obtener una sensibilidad y valor predictivo negativo elevados; indentificando, así, adecuadamente enfermedad metastásica en pacientes con carcinoma pulmonar no célula pequeña. Se incluyeron 296 pacientes diagnosticados de CPNCP. Se consideró un procedimiento sistemático cuando se accedía mínimo a un ganglio de las estaciones 4R, 4L y 7 con muestras satisfactorias; consiguiéndose en tres cuartas partes de los pacientes en estadío I/II tras el procedimiento. Se alcanzó una sensibilidad y un VPN superiores al 90%, equiparándose a la mediastinoscopia