335 research outputs found

    The Development of Models to Predict the Stability of Natural Circulation of Heatoolant

    Get PDF
    Concept of safety of nuclear power plants involves in larger quantities the use of passive systems. One of the main passive systems in nuclear power plant – the system of cooling of the reactor core. This system is based on gravitational forces. In this regard, nuclear energy increases the significance of such physical process, as the natural circulation. In addition to the benefits of the system there are drawbacks. There is the instability of the two-phase coolant, pulsation temperature and pressure, rollover and stagnation of circulation.

    Π“Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½Ρ– ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²ΠΈ комплСксування Ρ– сСпарації рідкісномСталСвого, Ρ€Ρ–Π΄ΠΊΡ–ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ зрудСніння Π² ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π±Π»ΠΎΡ†Ρ– Π£ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π°

    Get PDF
    ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ пСрспСктивні ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ–Π½Π½Ρ– комплСксні рідкісномСталСві, Ρ€Ρ–Π΄ΠΊΡ–ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‰Π° Ρ– рудопрояви ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΡƒ Π£Π© ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ ΡƒΠ½Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ зрудСніння: Zr-Hf, Nb, ta, TR, Y, Ce, La, Th Ρ‚Π° Ρ–Π½ΡˆΡ– – Π²ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ пов’язані Π· проникнСнням ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π³Ρ€Ρ–Ρ‚ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠ»ΡŽΠΌΡ–Π² (Π΄Ρ–Π°ΠΏΡ–Ρ€Ρ–Π²) Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΆΠΎΠΊ часу 1,9-1,6 ΠΌΠ»Ρ€Π΄. Ρ€ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΡƒ. Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‰Π° Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π° (Au-Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, W, Mo-Re, Bi, Te) Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– Π² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π·ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ… Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΎΠΊΡƒ. The most promising indigenous complex rare-metal, rare earth deposits and ore Priazovsky geoblock Ukrainian shield have the unique complexity of the mineralization: Zr-Hf, Nb, Ta, TR, Y, Ce, La, Th and others - they are linked to the penetration of superheated mantle plumes (diapirs) in the interval time 1,9-1,6 billion years ago. Deposits of gold (Au-Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, W, Mo-Re, Bi, Te) localized in the tectonic zones geoblock

    Generation of relativistic electron bunches in plasma synchrotron Gyrac-X for hard x-ray production

    No full text
    Experiment performed on plasma synchrotron Gyrac-X operating on synchrotron gyromagnetic autoresonance (SGA) is described. Gyrac-X is a compact plasma x-ray source in which kinetic energy of relativistic electrons obtained under SGA converts into x-ray by falling e-bunches on to a heavy metal target. The plasma synchrotron acts in a regime of a magnetic field pulse packet under constant level of microwave power. Experiments and numerical modeling of the process showed that such a regime allowed obtaining dense short lived relativistic electron bunches with average electron energy of 500 keV – 4.5 MeV. Parameters of the relativistic electron bunch (energy, density and volume) and dynamics of the electron bunches can be controlled by varying the parameters of the SGA process. Possibilities of x-ray intensity increase are also discussed

    Modeling and design of an re-configurable isolated remote for plasma experiments with hard-real-time synchronization

    Get PDF
    The purpose of this paper is to present the design and implementation of a reconfigurable remote control for performing plasma experiments with Hard-Real-Time (HRT) synchronization under jitter less than 1 microsecond. An additional requirement for a multichannel synchronization system is the use of high-speed optical converters to provide galvanic isolation between powerful modules of the setup and remote control in order to exclude any possibility of disruption of the physical experiment control system. Modeling and development of the software part of the maser remote control panel was performed in the LabVIEW application development environment with Real Time and FPGA modules. The hardware part of the control panel is implemented on a real-time controller working in conjunction with the Xilinx FPGA module. To ensure the optical isolation of synchronization signals, boards of electron-optical converters based on LED lasers with fiber-optic terminals were developed and manufactured. The control program is implemented in a two-module architecture with a HOST application and an FPGA application that exchange data over a 1000BASE-T Ethernet network.ЦСль Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ - ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΠ³ΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π° дистанционного управлСния для провСдСния ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… экспСримСнтов с синхронизациСй Π² Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ Тёсткого Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π΄ΠΆΠΈΡ‚Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 1 микросСкунды. Π”ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊ систСмС многоканальной синхронизации являСтся использованиС высокоскоростных оптичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ для обСспСчСния Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ развязки ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΡ‰Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ модулями установки ΠΈ дистанционного управлСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΡŽΠ±ΡƒΡŽ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ систСмы управлСния физичСским экспСримСнтом. ΠœΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ части ΠΏΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π° дистанционного управлСния ΠΌΠ°Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² срСдС Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ LabVIEW с модулями Real Time ΠΈ FPGA. Аппаратная Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΅Π»ΠΈ управлСния Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅Ρ€Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΌ совмСстно с ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Xilinx FPGA. Для обСспСчСния оптичСской развязки сигналов синхронизации Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ элСктронно-оптичСских ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° основС свСтодиодных Π»Π°Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ² с ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π²Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ° управлСния Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ…ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π΅ с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ HOST ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ FPGA, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ сСти 1000BASE-T Ethernet

    Effect of Ion Irradiation on the Structural State of the Vacuum-Arc Nitride Coatings

    Get PDF
    The effect of irradiation with ions Ar+ (energy of 1 MeV and 1.8 MeV) and He (energy of 0.6 MeV) on the structure and mechanical properties of the vacuum-arc nitride coatings. It is shown that the level of exposure to radiation materials can be divided into 3 classes: a) β€œthe most persistent” - significant changes occur only on the substructure level (as an example - multi-element system Ti-Zr-V-Hf-Nb-Ta-N), b) β€œthe medium resistance β€œ- significant changes occur in the macro stress-strained state (as an example - the system Ti-N), c) β€œstructural variable” – significant changes in the macro-level and phase composition (as an example, the system Mo-N). When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3513

    Spin superradiance versus atomic superradiance

    Full text link
    A comparative analysis is given of spin superradiance and atomic superradiance. Their similarities and distinctions are emphasized. It is shown that, despite a close analogy, these phenomena are fundamentally different. In atomic systems, superradiance is a self-organized process, in which both the initial cause, being spontaneous emission, as well as the collectivizing mechanism of their interactions through the common radiation field, are of the same physical nature. Contrary to this, in actual spin systems with dipole interactions, the latter are the major reason for spin motion. Electromagnetic spin interactions through radiation are negligible and can never produce collective effects. The possibility of realizing superradiance in molecular magnets by coupling them to a resonant circuit is discussed.Comment: Latex file, 12 pages, no figure

    ЧислСнноС восстановлСниС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ распрСдСлСния ΠΏΠΎ энСргии элСктронов Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ спСктру излучСния

    Get PDF
    The results of the numerical solution of the integral equation of the first kind occurred under the operation of distribution function recovery on electrons energy through the spectrum of radiation are presented. The Tikhonov functional with the stabilizers of the first and the second order is used.ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ числСнного Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ уравнСния ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ восстановлСния Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ распрСдСлСния ΠΏΠΎ энСргии элСктронов (Π€Π Π­Π­) ΠΏΠΎ спСктру Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ излучСния. Использован Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π» Π’ΠΈΡ…ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° со стабилизаторами ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ порядка

    Andreev conductance of a domain wall

    Get PDF
    At low temperatures, the transport through a superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel interface is due to tunneling of electrons in pairs. Exchange field of a monodomain ferromagnet aligns electron spins and suppresses the two electron tunneling. The presence of the domain walls at the SF interface strongly enhances the subgap current. The Andreev conductance is proven to be proportional to the total length of domain walls at the SF interface.Comment: 4 pages and 1 figur

    Full Counting Statistics of Charge Transfer in Coulomb Blockade Systems

    Full text link
    Full counting statistics (FCS) of charge transfer in mesoscopic systems has recently become a subject of significant interest, since it proves to reveal an important information about the system which can be hardly assessed by other means. While the previous research mostly addressed the FCS of non- interacting systems, the present paper deals with the FCS in the limit of strong interaction. In this Coulomb blockade limit the electron dynamics is known to be governed by a master equation. We develop a general scheme to evaluate the FCS in such case, this being the main result of the work presented. We illustrate the scheme, by applying it to concrete systems. For generic case of a single resonant level we establish the equivalence of scattering and master equation approach to FCS. Further we study a single Coulomb blockade island with two and three leads attached and compare the FCS in this case with our recent results concerning an open dot either with two and three terminals. We demonstrate that Coulomb interaction suppresses the relative probabilities of large current fluctuations.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figure

    ЀизичСская элСктроника ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ соврСмСнныС прилоТСния: ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ пособиС

    Get PDF
    Π’ пособии ΠΈΠ·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС Ρ€Π°Π·Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ соврСмСнной физичСской элСктроники. Книга носит мСТдисциплинарный Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΈ находится Π½Π° стыкС Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… областСй соврСмСнной Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ пособия Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ студСнтами Π³Π»ΡƒΠ±ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈ соврСмСнных Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎ закономСрностях элСктронного строСния вСщСства ΠΈ рассмотрСниС Π½Π° этой основС Π΅Π³ΠΎ элСктромагнитных характСристик, Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² эмиссионной ΠΈ Π²Π°ΠΊΡƒΡƒΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ элСктроники, Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ускоритСлСй, Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ усилСния элСктромагнитных ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ для студСнтов ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π° обучСния Π² магистратурС, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… знаниями ΠΏΠΎ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π² объСмС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π±Π°ΠΊΠ°Π»Π°Π²Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Ρ‚Π° Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π° Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-матСматичСских Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊ РУДН, ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ стандарту. Ρ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ пособиС Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Российского унивСрситСта Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ «КомплСкс экспортоориСнтированных ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ направлСниям Π½Π°ΡƒΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉΒ», ΠΈ Π²Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ Π² состав ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΎ-мСтодичСского комплСкса, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ описаниС курса, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ элСктронный ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΈΠΊ
    • …
    corecore