Optimization of antioxidant, mechanical and chemical physical properties of chitosan-sorbitol-gallic acid films by response surface methodology

The interest in the development of biodegradable films is increasing, which is related to the wide availability of resources and methods of synthesis to generate them. For this reason, in this study, the preparation of films containing chitosan, sorbitol and gallic acid this study was proposed. The incorporation of natural antioxidants into films modifies their structure and provides new functionality to them. In order to determine the optimal content of sorbitol and gallic acid in the formulation of the chitosan films to obtain the highest antioxidant capacity and the best mechanical properties, an experimental design based on a two-factor Doehlert model was used. The optimum condition of film synthesis was obtained when a mixture of 1 wt chitosan, 3.62 wt% of sorbitol and 1 wt% of gallic acid was performed. The properties studied were experimentally evaluated at this optimal point and compared with the model predictions, showing good results. It proved to be a promising material to be successfully used as packaging material.Fil: Raspo, Matías Alejandro. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (I). Grupo Vinculado al Plapiqui - Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Cesar Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (I). Grupo Vinculado al Plapiqui - Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Química; Argentin

Solubility of three natural compounds with insecticidal activity in supercritical carbon dioxide: Experimental measurements and predictive modeling with the GC-EoS

In this work, the solubility of thymoquinone, R-(+)-pulegone and 1-octen-3-ol in supercritical CO 2 is determined in a range of conditions typical of supercritical fluid processes such as extraction, fractionation and impregnation. These compounds were selected based in their insecticidal activity which may enable to apply them as biopesticides. Solubility was measured using a semicontinuos method in the temperature range of 45?65 °C and pressure of 8?12 MPa, at a CO 2 flowrate of 0.05?0.10 g/min, which was verified to be low enough to ensure saturation. Solubilities were predicted using the Group Contribution Equation of State (GC-EoS) and compared to the experimental results, with a good agreement. Consistency of the data was tested using the density-based Chrastil equation.Fil: Mazzei, Hernán. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (I). Grupo Vinculado al Plapiqui - Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ortega, Leonardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias y Tecnología de los Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Gañan, Nicolas Alberto. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; Argentin

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bioactive chitosan films

In this work the preparation of chitosan films containing different bioactive compounds (gallic acid or salicylic acid) and plasticizers (sorbitol or Tween 80) was assessed. In addition, the component composition influence on the performance of chitosan based films over antimicrobial and antioxidant activity were researched using the Response Surface Methodology from a Doehlert two-factor model. Both films (A: chitosan/gallic acid/Tween 80 and B: chitosan/ salicylic acid/sorbitol) showed a good antioxidant capacity where a higher bioactive compound content and a low plasticizer concentration led to the best performance. Furthermore, the chitosan/gallic acid/Tween 80 film evidenced antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Chitosan-based films developed from formulation A and B showed a promising performance as bacteriostatic agent, which is sufficient evidence to assess these films as successful materials for food packaging.Fil: Raspo, Matías Alejandro. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vignola, María Belén. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Gomez, Cesar Gerardo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; ArgentinaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ingeniería de Procesos y Química Aplicada; Argentin

Optimization of the Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds from Ocimum basilicum Leaves Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction via a Sonotrode

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds that present therapeutic benefits for human health. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is frequently used to obtain phenolic compounds from plants/herbal sources. However, few works have developed multi-variable studies to find the optimal conditions to extract the maximum amount of compounds, especially when applied to UAE via a sonotrode. The purpose of this work was to perform a multi-variable study by employing a Box–Behnken design to collect the highest active compound content from Ocimum basilicum leaves. The efficacy of the design was endorsed by ANOVA. The studied parameters for UAE via a sonotrode were the ethanol/water ratio, amplitude, and time. The analyzed responses were the rosmarinic acid, the sum of phenolic acids, and the sum of phenolic compounds content. The optimal conditions were found to be 50% ethanol/water, 50% amplitude, and 5 min. Twenty bioactive compounds were identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS when the extract was collected by applying the optimal conditions. Ocimum basilicum may be appreciated as a valuable source of important bioactive substances for pharmaceutical use.Fil: Aloisio, Carolina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Francisco. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica; ArgentinaFil: Razola Díaz, María del Carmen. Universidad de Granada; EspañaFil: Aznar Ramos, María José. Universidad de Granada; EspañaFil: Longhi, Marcela R.. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Francisco. Departamento de Ingeniería Química; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Verardo, Vito. Universidad de Granada; Españ

Liquid-liquid equilibria in ternary mixtures of methyl oleate + ethanol + glycerol at atmospheric pressure

The knowledge and the ability to describe the phase equilibrium behavior of systems composed of transesterification products are very important in the optimization of biodiesel production and purification process. In this work, liquid-liquid equilibrium data have been measured for the ternary system methyl oleate + ethanol + glycerol, at temperatures between 303 and 333 K. This system has not been explored before. The experimental data measured were compared with analogous ternary systems showing an increasing of the solubility regarding the systems containing methanol. The isothermal experimental data have shown a good linear fit in an Othmer-Tobias plot. The group contribution with association GCA-EoS equation of state and the A-UNIFAC model were applied to represent the phase equilibria of this ternary system. The GCA-EoS model in particular, has shown a good predictive capability.Fil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (I). Grupo Vinculado al Plapiqui - Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Química; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentin

Liquid–Liquid Equilibria in Ternary Mixtures of Methyl Oleate + Ethanol + Glycerol at Atmospheric Pressure

The knowledge and the ability to describe the phase equilibrium behavior of systems composed of transesterification products are very important in the optimization of biodiesel production and purification process. In this work, liquid–liquid equilibrium data have been measured for the ternary system methyl oleate + ethanol + glycerol, at temperatures between 303 and 333 K. This system has not been explored before. The experimental data measured were compared with analogous ternary systems showing an increasing of the solubility regarding the systems containing methanol. The isothermal experimental data have shown a good linear fit in an Othmer–Tobias plot. The group contribution with association GCA–EoS equation of state and the A-UNIFAC model were applied to represent the phase equilibria of this ternary system. The GCA–EoS model in particular, has shown a good predictive capability

Liquid−Liquid Equilibrium in Mixtures Containing Propane-1,2,3-triol and Mixtures Containing Vegetable Oils at Atmospheric Pressure

Mutual solubility of propane-1,2,3-triol with pentane, hexane, heptane, or ethyl acetate and mutual solubility between different vegetable oils (sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, and olive oil) with methanol or ethanol have been reported at temperatures ranging from (298.2 to 348.2) K and atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the binodal curves for ethyl acetate + methanol or ethanol + propane-1,2,3-triol at (303.2, 313.2, and 323.2) K have been explored. A higher solubility has been found in the system containing ethanol than the system containing methanol. The GCA-EoS model has been used to represent these mixtures. The distribution coefficient of alcohol and the selectivity of propane-1,2,3- triol in the ternary mixture of ethyl acetate + methanol or ethanol + propane-1,2,3- triol have been evaluated by GCA-EoS model. These results indicate a more effective use of propane-1,2,3-triol as separation agent by liquid−liquid extraction in the binary mixture of ethyl acetate + methanol than ethyl acetate + ethanol. On the other hand, regarding the mixtures containing vegetable oil, the mutual solubility of alcohol in the phase rich in vegetable oil is bigger than the mutual solubility of vegetable oil in the phase rich in alcohol.Fil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnol.conicet - Bahia Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingenieria Quimica (i). Grupo Vinculado Al Plapiqui - Inv. y Desarrollo En Tecnologia Quimica; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Francisco; ArgentinaFil: Arposio, Andrés . Universidad Tecnologica Nacional. Facultad Reg.san Francisco; Argentin

Groundwater Quality Assessment in Central Argentine Provinces

In order to assess groundwater quality in the Northeast of Córdoba and Northwest of Santa Fe, both of them Argentine provinces, representative samples of groundwater used for animal consumption, irrigation and, to a lesser extent, human consumption were taken at various locations and depths, and identified with their GPS coordinates. The knowledge of the groundwater quality is of vital importance for the people who use it. In all, 50 samples were analyzed in duplicate for color, turbidity, hydrogen potential, conductivity, hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulfate and total dissolved solids. Nitrates, nitrites, ammonium, arsenic, iron and fluoride concentrations were also determined according standard references. The chemical oxygen demand assay was performed on 50% of the samples. The results were subjected to a statistical analysis in order to establish the concentration of certain components in water and the influence of the geographic location. A strong positive relationship was found between hardness, chloride and sulfate, and no dependence was found between the total alkalinity and the remaining parameters. Different kind of positive relationship has been found between the research parameters: strong, between nitrites, fluoride and ammonium; moderately between arsenic and COD; and finally soft for nitrates with nitrites. In addition, no relationship nitrates and iron has been found. It was determined that none of the samples, taken between May and November 2013, complied with the Argentine Food Code requirements for drinking water and therefore, to animal and human feed consumption, their acceptability is excluded.Fil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Garnero, Susana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; ArgentinaFil: Garnero, Jorge. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional San Francisco; Argentin

Modeling phase equilibria in mixtures of mono- and di-carboxylic acids with hydrocarbons

In this work, a group contribution equation of state that specifically takes into account association effects (GCA-EOS) is extended to model mono- and di-carboxylic acids and their mixtures with alkanes, alkenes, and cycloalkanes. Given the predominant effect of association on the behavior of these mixtures, the acid monomer fractions in the liquid and vapor phases are set as a restriction in the parameterization of the model. The parameters are correlated with a databank comprising 1800 experimental data on phase equilibria and infinite dilution activity coefficients data, which encompass a temperature and pressure range of 236-524 K and 0.001-60 bar, respectively. The new set of GCA-EOS parameters allows a good prediction of vapor-liquid, liquid-liquid, and solid-liquid equilibrium conditions, as well as infinite dilution activity coefficients of binary and ternary mixtures containing monocarboxylic acids and hydrocarbons. We also show that this parameterization allows a qualitative and, in some cases, quantitative prediction of pure dicarboxylic acids and its mixtures with other acids and hydrocarbons.Fil: Sánchez, Francisco Adrián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; ArgentinaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pereda, Selva. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química; Argentin

Optimization of reactive extraction of C1–C4 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids from aqueous solutions: modeling solvation effect with extended-LSER, A-UNIFAC and SPR

This paper studies reactive extraction of formic (FA), acetic (AA), propionic (PA) and butyric (BA) acids from aqueous solutions by tri-n-butyl amine/diluent, with particular focus on proper optimization and modeling of extraction equilibria. The uptake capacities of amine/diluent and diluent alone approximate the following order: oleyl alcohol > octyl acetate > diisobutyl ketone and BA > PA > AA ≈ FA. An intrinsic optimization structure has been applied to the description of optimum extraction field of relevant systems, based on analyzing the variation profiles of separation ratio R and synergistic enhancement SE factors through the derivative variation method. We present new solvation molecular models extended-linear solvation energy relation (e-LSER), SPR1 and SPR2 (solvation probability relation), and an extension to group-contribution approach A-UNIFAC (Association-UNIFAC). A-UNIFAC predicts phase equilibria using new group interaction parameters regressed from vapor-liquid equilibrium data. The e-LSER model involves eight descriptors used for expressing solvent effects. By performing SPR1 and SPR2, we are able to scale up the probability range and activation energy of solvation effect. The strength of acid-amine association is calculated with chemodel. e-LSER, A-UNIFAC, SPR and chemodel simulate accurately the observed performance with average deviations inferior to 4.8%, 24.1%, 0.8% and 16.2%, respectively.Fil: Senol, Aynur. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Çehreli, Süheyla. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Özparlak, Nur. Istanbul University; TurquíaFil: Andreatta, Alfonsina Ester. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Bahía Blanca. Planta Piloto de Ingeniería Química (I). Grupo Vinculado al Plapiqui - Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Química; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentin