Heavy Vector Triplets: Bridging Theory and Data

We introduce a model-independent strategy to study narrow resonances which we apply to a heavy vector triplet of the Standard Model (SM) group for illustration. The method is based on a simplified phenomenological Lagrangian which reproduces a large class of explicit models. Firstly, this allows us to derive robust model-independent phenomenological features and, conversely, to identify the peculiarities of different explicit realizations. Secondly, limits on cross-section times BR can be converted into bounds on a few relevant parameters in a fully analytic way, allowing for an interpretation in any given explicit model. Based on the available 8 TeV LHC analyses, we derive current limits and interpret them for vector triplets arising in weakly coupled (gauge) and strongly coupled (composite) extensions of the SM. We point out that a model-independent limit setting procedure must be based on purely on-shell quantities, like a cross-section times BR. Finite width effects altering the limits can be considerably reduced by focusing on the on-shell signal region. We illustrate this aspect with a study of the invariant mass distribution in di-lepton searches and the transverse mass distribution in lepton-neutrino final states. In addition to this paper we provide a set of online tools available at a dedicated webpage.Comment: 53 pages, 10 figures; references added, typos corrected; published versio

Non-local transport and the hydrodynamic shear viscosity in graphene

Motivated by recent experimental progress in preparing encapsulated graphene sheets with ultra-high mobilities up to room temperature, we present a theoretical study of dc transport in doped graphene in the hydrodynamic regime. By using the continuity and Navier-Stokes equations, we demonstrate analytically that measurements of non-local resistances in multi-terminal Hall bar devices can be used to extract the hydrodynamic shear viscosity of the two-dimensional (2D) electron liquid in graphene. We also discuss how to probe the viscosity-dominated hydrodynamic transport regime by scanning probe potentiometry and magnetometry. Our approach enables measurements of the viscosity of any 2D electron liquid in the hydrodynamic transport regime.Comment: 12 pages, 4 multi-panel figure

Contribució de les dones a la taula periòdica. Una proposta d'activitats d'aprenentatge al Grau de Química

Treballs Finals de Grau de Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Any: 2022, Tutors: Elisabet Fuguet Jordà, Fermin Huarte LarrañagaIn a society where gender inequality is still present, it is crucial to fight for a change in the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). The first step is to give visibility to women who have made exemplary contributions to science. In particular, this project focuses on gender bias in the creation of the periodic table during the eighteenth, nineteenth and twentieth centuries, where women chemists and physicists played a very significant role. In 1869, Dmitri Ivánovich Mendeleev published his version of the periodic table, which remains one of the most prominent representations in the world of chemistry. However, the periodic system was also the result of the collaborative work of many scientists who predicted and classified chemical elements before and after Mendeleev. Others discovered new concepts, such as isotopes, or simply introduced new techniques and proposals for the classification of new elements. The role of many women scientists who made very significant contributions to the study and search for new chemical elements is noteworthy. The two-time Nobel Prize winner Marie Curie is always renowned among female scientists, but unfortunately the history of science has ignored the paper of many other women scientists who made contributions to the periodic system, such as Marie Anne Paulze-Lavoisier, Jane Haldimand Marcet, Julia Vsevolodovna Lermontova, Harriet Brooks, Ellen Gleditsch, Lise Meitner, Stefanie Horovitz, Ida Tacke Noddack, Irène Joliot-Curie or Marguerite Catherine Perey. Giving visibility to women researchers is one of the best ways to teach from an egalitarian point of view. For this reason, a set of educational proposals based on literature search have been created so that university students can reflect from a critical point of view and help to create a real image of the history of science, taking into account the historical and educational contex

Future tests of Higgs compositeness: direct vs indirect

We estimate the reach of the 14 TeV LHC and future hadronic and leptonic colliders in the parameter space of the minimal composite Higgs model, outlining the complementarity of direct resonance searches and indirect information from the measurements of the Higgs boson couplings. The reach on electroweak charged spin-one resonances, taken here as representative direct signatures, is obtained from the current 8 TeV LHC limits by an extrapolation procedure which we outline and validate. The impact of electroweak precision tests, and their possible improvement at future colliders, is also quantified

Energy helps accuracy: electroweak precision tests at hadron colliders

We show that high energy measurements of Drell-Yan at the LHC can serve as electroweak precision tests. Dimension-6 operators, from the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, modify the high energy behavior of electroweak gauge boson propagators. Existing measurements of the dilepton invariant mass spectrum, from neutral current Drell-Yan at 8 TeV, have comparable sensitivity to LEP. We propose measuring the transverse mass spectrum of charged current Drell-Yan, which can surpass LEP already with 8 TeV data. The 13 TeV LHC will elevate electroweak tests to a new precision frontier.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Added: CEPC reach, projected reach on heavy vector triplet

Creciendo en el país autoritario : La memoria infantil de la dictadura militar argentina, 1976-1983

El presente trabajo es una aproximación del que presentaremos en el marco de la tesis final de Investigación en la Licenciatura en Ciencias Sociales. En mismo intentaremos abordar la problemática de la memoria y su resultante como recuerdos de los que fueron niños en la última dictadura militar. En el proceso de investigación hemos tenido que abordar en primer lugar, la historia reciente en la Argentina, y en ello el tratamiento de la memoria, teniendo como parámetro la problemática de la infancia en aquellos años. Transcurriendo nuestra investigación hasta el momento no hemos podido hallar material que trate el problema en lo específico, pero hemos encontrado trabajos que nos han servido de apoyo para introducir al tema. En algunos se trabaja sobre los recuerdos inmediatos de los niños a poco de terminar la dictadura rescatando una memoria fresca en cuanto a sucesos y en otros hemos encontrado relatos de jóvenes de “hijos de desaparecidos” que cuentan en primera persona sus experiencias personales en forma novelada, e histórica que nos han servido de fuente para hacer una aproximación de lo que estamos buscando.Mesa 12: La dictadura. Memoria, derechos humanos y justiciaFacultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

The reform of the Italian legislation on childhood immunization

Upon the proposal of the Italian government, Law n. 191/2017 has been enacted, meant to considerably raise the number of mandatory vaccinations, while leaving several others merely "recommended" (non-mandatory). Such a reform has proven necessary in light of the latest epidemiologic data reflecting a steady decrease in the rates of immunization coverage in most Italian regions over the past few years, including mandatory vaccinations. Court rulings that held vaccinations may have caused autism, or even a child's death, have probably contributed to decrease in coverage. Early interventions to mandate immunization had been put in place at the regional level, yet the Italian Government and Parliament have opted for a national piece of legislation devised to make mandatory vaccinations a requirement to gain access to the preschool system or day care services. The authors elaborate on the reform's contents and shed a light on the medical, ethical and legal elements underpinning the mandate to immunize children. As a matter of fact, possible risks arising from vaccinations are rare, and largely offset by the benefits to both the children and society at large. On the heels of the reform in question, the doctor-patient relationship is still at the forefront. In fact, citizens need to understand the value and usefulness of non-mandatory, recommended vaccines as well. Therefore, it appears necessary to improve the quality of vaccination counseling practices in childcare, but such activities need to take place within the framework of a broader strategy, centered on the fostering of a culture of prevention, backed by scientific research to the fullest extent possible

Passive smoking indicators in Italy: does the gross domestic product matter?

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation between regional values of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and passive smoking in Italy. METHODS: The outcome measures were smoking ban respect in public places, workplaces and at home, derived from the PASSI surveillance for the period 2011⁻2017. The explanatory variable was GDP per capita. The statistical analysis was carried out using bivariate and linear regression analyses, taking into consideration two different periods, Years 2011⁻2014 and 2014⁻2017. RESULTS: GDP is showed to be positively correlated with smoking ban respect in public places (r = 0.779 p < 0.001; r = 0.723 p < 0.001 in the two periods, respectively), as well as smoking ban respect in the workplace (r = 0.662 p = 0.001; r = 0.603 p = 0.004) and no smoking at home adherence (r = 0.424 p = 0.056; r = 0.362 p = 0.107). In multiple linear regression GDP is significantly associated to smoking ban respect in public places (adjusted β = 0.730 p < 0.001; β = 0.698 p < 0.001 in the two periods, respectively), smoking ban in workplaces (adjusted β = 0.525 p = 0.020; β = 0.570 p = 0.009) and no smoking at home (adjusted β = 0.332 p = 0.070; β = 0.362 p = 0.052). CONCLUSIONS: Smoking ban is more respected in Regions with higher GDP. For a better health promotion, systematic vigilance and sanctions should be maintained and strengthened, particularly in regions with low compliance with smoking bans