Discontinuity relations for the AdS(4)/CFT(3) correspondence

We study in detail the analytic properties of the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz (TBA) equations for the anomalous dimensions of composite operators in the planar limit of the 3D N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons gauge theory and derive functional relations for the jump discontinuities across the branch cuts in the complex rapidity plane. These relations encode the analytic structure of the Y functions and are extremely similar to the ones obtained for the previously-studied AdS(5)/CFT(4) case. Together with the Y-system and more basic analyticity conditions, they are completely equivalent to the TBA equations. We expect these results to be useful to derive alternative nonlinear integral equations for the AdS(4)/CFT(3) spectrum.Comment: 33 pages, 9 figure

A Riemann-Hilbert formulation for the finite temperature Hubbard model

Inspired by recent results in the context of AdS/CFT integrability, we reconsider the Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz equations describing the 1D fermionic Hubbard model at finite temperature. We prove that the infinite set of TBA equations are equivalent to a simple nonlinear Riemann-Hilbert problem for a finite number of unknown functions. The latter can be transformed into a set of three coupled nonlinear integral equations defined over a finite support, which can be easily solved numerically. We discuss the emergence of an exact Bethe Ansatz and the link between the TBA approach and the results by J\"uttner, Kl\"umper and Suzuki based on the Quantum Transfer Matrix method. We also comment on the analytic continuation mechanism leading to excited states and on the mirror equations describing the finite-size Hubbard model with twisted boundary conditions.Comment: 43 pages, 13 figures. v2: References added, typos corrected, minor changes to the text. v3: JHEP published version; typos corrected, references added and text improved in Section

12 loops and triple wrapping in ABJM theory from integrability

Adapting a method recently proposed by C. Marboe and D. Volin for ${\cal N}$=4 super-Yang-Mills, we develop an algorithm for a systematic weak coupling expansion of the spectrum of anomalous dimensions in the $sl(2)$-like sector of planar $\mathcal{N}$=6 super-Chern-Simons. The method relies on the Quantum Spectral Curve formulation of the problem and the expansion is written in terms of the interpolating function $h(\lambda)$, with coefficients expressible as combinations of Euler-Zagier sums with alternating signs. We present explicit results up to 12 loops (six nontrivial orders) for various twist L=1 and L=2 operators, corresponding to triple and double wrapping terms, respectively, which are beyond the reach of the Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz as well as L\"uscher's corrections. The algorithm works for generic values of L and S and in principle can be used to compute arbitrary orders of the weak coupling expansion. For the simplest operator with L=1 and spin S=1, the Pad\'e extrapolation of the 12-loop result nicely agrees with the available Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz data in a relatively wide range of values of the coupling. A Mathematica notebook with a selection of results is attached.Comment: 31 pages, 1 figure. A Mathematica notebook with a selection of results is attached (please download the compressed file "Results.nb" listed under "Other formats"). v2: typos corrected; more precise checks of the results; an earlier incorrect version of the figure was replaced. Published in JHE

The full Quantum Spectral Curve for AdS4/CFT3AdS_4/CFT_3

The spectrum of planar N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons theory, dual to type IIA superstring theory on $AdS_4 \times CP^3$, is accessible at finite coupling using integrability. Starting from the results of [arXiv:1403.1859], we study in depth the basic integrability structure underlying the spectral problem, the Quantum Spectral Curve. The new results presented in this paper open the way to the quantitative study of the spectrum for arbitrary operators at finite coupling. Besides, we show that the Quantum Spectral Curve is embedded into a novel kind of Q-system, which reflects the OSp(4|6) symmetry of the theory and leads to exact Bethe Ansatz equations. The discovery of this algebraic structure, more intricate than the one appearing in the $AdS_5/CFT_4$ case, could be a first step towards the extension of the method to $AdS_3/CFT_2$.Comment: 43 + 27 pages, 7 figures. v4: text improved, more details and App D included. This is the same as the published version JHEP09(2017)140, with small typos corrected in App

MushroomRL: Simplifying Reinforcement Learning Research

MushroomRL is an open-source Python library developed to simplify the process of implementing and running Reinforcement Learning (RL) experiments. Compared to other available libraries, MushroomRL has been created with the purpose of providing a comprehensive and flexible framework to minimize the effort in implementing and testing novel RL methodologies. Indeed, the architecture of MushroomRL is built in such a way that every component of an RL problem is already provided, and most of the time users can only focus on the implementation of their own algorithms and experiments. The result is a library from which RL researchers can significantly benefit in the critical phase of the empirical analysis of their works. MushroomRL stable code, tutorials and documentation can be found at https://github.com/MushroomRL/mushroom-rl.Comment: Under revision to JML

Machine Learning for Cloud Detection of Globally Distributed Sentinel-2 Images

In recent years, a number of different procedures have been proposed for segmentation of remote sensing images, basing on spectral information. Model-based and machine learning strategies have been investigated in several studies. This work presents a comprehensive overview and an unbiased comparison of the most adopted segmentation strategies: Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests, Neural networks, Sen2Cor, FMask and MAJA. We used a training set for learning and two different independent sets for testing. The comparison accounted for 135 images acquired from 54 different worldwide sites. We observed that machine learning segmentations are extremely reliable when the training and test are homogeneous. SVM performed slightly better than other methods. In particular, when using heterogeneous test data, SVM remained the most accurate segmentation method while state-of-the-art model-based methods such as MAJA and FMask obtained better sensitivity and precision, respectively. Therefore, even if each method has its specific advantages and drawbacks, SVM resulted in a competitive option for remote sensing applications

Applications of PDEs inpainting to magnetic particle imaging and corneal topography

In this work we propose a novel application of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) inpainting techniques to two medical contexts. The first one concerning recovering of concentration maps for superparamagnetic nanoparticles, used as tracers in the framework of Magnetic Particle Imaging. The analysis is carried out by two set of simulations, with and without adding a source of noise, to show that the inpainted images preserve the main properties of the original ones. The second medical application is related to recovering data of corneal elevation maps in ophthalmology. A new procedure consisting in applying the PDEs inpainting techniques to the radial curvature image is proposed. The images of the anterior corneal surface are properly recovered to obtain an approximation error of the required precision. We compare inpainting methods based on second, third and fourth-order PDEs with standard approximation and interpolation techniques

Ensemble using different Planetary Boundary Layer schemes in WRF model for wind speed and direction prediction over Apulia region

Abstract. The Weather Research and Forecasting mesoscale model (WRF) was used to simulate hourly 10 m wind speed and direction over the city of Taranto, Apulia region (south-eastern Italy). This area is characterized by a large industrial complex including the largest European steel plant and is subject to a Regional Air Quality Recovery Plan. This plan constrains industries in the area to reduce by 10 % the mean daily emissions by diffuse and point sources during specific meteorological conditions named wind days. According to the Recovery Plan, the Regional Environmental Agency ARPA-PUGLIA is responsible for forecasting these specific meteorological conditions with 72 h in advance and possibly issue the early warning. In particular, an accurate wind simulation is required. Unfortunately, numerical weather prediction models suffer from errors, especially for what concerns near-surface fields. These errors depend primarily on uncertainties in the initial and boundary conditions provided by global models and secondly on the model formulation, in particular the physical parametrizations used to represent processes such as turbulence, radiation exchange, cumulus and microphysics. In our work, we tried to compensate for the latter limitation by using different Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) parameterization schemes. Five combinations of PBL and Surface Layer (SL) schemes were considered. Simulations are implemented in a real-time configuration since our intention is to analyze the same configuration implemented by ARPA-PUGLIA for operational runs; the validation is focused over a time range extending from 49 to 72 h with hourly time resolution. The assessment of the performance was computed by comparing the WRF model output with ground data measured at a weather monitoring station in Taranto, near the steel plant. After the analysis of the simulations performed with different PBL schemes, both simple (e.g. average) and more complex post-processing methods (e.g. weighted average, linear and nonlinear regression, and artificial neural network) are adopted to improve the performances with respect to the output of each single setup. The neural network approach comes out as the most promising method

Tumor growth rate to assess therapy response to immune-based combinations for metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Background: Radiological response assessment is becoming challenging with novel immune-based combinations for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). RECIST criteria appear not exhaustively adequate to capture the kinetics of treatment response, which is better reflected by tumor growth rate (TGR). We explored TGR changes during first-line treatments and its association with clinical outcomes in mRCC. Research design and methods: We retrospectively evaluated TGR in untreated patients undergoing pembrolizumab/axitinib (P/A) or tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI). TGR was calculated at the first (TGR1, after 3 months) and the second (TGR2, after 6 months) evaluation, thus assessing the TGR2-TGR1 difference. Results: Thirty-three patients were included (P/A n = 15, TKIs n = 18). Volumes firstly decreased more rapidly with TKIs, and then more slowly. Volumes initially remained stable with P/A, quickly decreasing until the second evaluation. TGR1 was related to progression-free survival (PFS; p = 0.023) and overall survival (p = 0.046) with P/A. TGR2 was correlated with PFS in all patients (p = 0.025). Patients with higher velocity volume reduction appeared to have improved survival benefits than patients with lower velocity considering both treatments, but especially with P/A. Conclusion: Combining immunotherapy with TKIs has an important role in enhancing the rapidity of tumor shrinkage. A rapid disease volume reduction correlates with better OS and PFS

Volatile organic compounds, oxidative and sensory patterns of vacuum aged foal meat

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of 14-day vacuum aging on the volatile compounds (VOC) profile, oxidative profile, antioxidant enzymes activity, and sensory evaluation in the Longissimusthoracis muscle of foal meat under vacuum aging. Longissimusthoracis (LT) was sampled in 20 mm thick slices, vacuum packed, and stored at 4 °C. Samples were randomly assigned to different aging times (1, 6, 9, 14 days after slaughtering). VOCs, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were analyzed, and a sensory test was performed. A nested one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for aging time as an independent variable. Significance was set at p 0.05), instead, protein carbonyls showed higher values at the 14th day (p < 0.01). Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase showed increasing values during aging time (p < 0.01). Vacuum aging slowed down lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation was shown to be present. However, the best vacuum aging duration is in the range of 6–9 days from slaughtering, with an improvement of sensory evaluation.CYTED | Ref. 119RT0568AxenciaGalega de Innovación | Ref. IN607A2019/01Department of Veterinary Medicine of Bari | Ref. DR 3681Italian Ministry of Education | Ref. 183989