Influence of soil preparation and planting methods on watermelon productivity and quality

The productivity and quality of watermelon fruits can be influenced by several factors, edaphic or associated with cultural management, such as, the type and form of soil preparation and planting methods, which can be by direct sowing or through transplanted seedlings. The objective of this work was to evaluate productive characteristics and quality of watermelon fruits grown under different forms of soil preparation and planting methods. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, organized in a 2x3 factorial scheme, containing three replications, with 24 plants per plot. The evaluated factors were two forms of soil preparation and three forms of cultivation. The fruits were harvested when their tendrils showed visible signs of dryness, when their productive and qualitative characteristics were analyzed. The variables analyzed were the number of fruits per plant, fruit mass, transverse and longitudinal circumference of the fruits, total soluble solids (° Brix), total titratable acidity, maturation index (ratio) and total productivity. The planting methods do not alter the productive characteristics and the quality of the watermelon fruits, which proved to be adequate to the standard demanded by the national market. Conventional tillage, with plowing followed by harrowing, increases the number of fruits per plant and total productivity, reaching 30.7 Mg ha-1, a value 35.08% higher than the average for the state of Rondônia and 28.33 % above the national average

Production of Nephelium lappaceum Seedlings using Different Volumes of Tubes and Cultivation Densities

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) fruit is a potential non-timber forest in tropical countries such as Indonesia due to its high economic potential. However, it is necessary to know the silvicultural aspects of the species in order to produce high-quality seedlings. The volume of the tube used and the spacing between seedlings can influence the quality of the seedlings. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the production of seedlings of N. lappaceum through different densities of seedlings per tray and volumes of tubes. The experiment was installed in the nursery of the Technology Foundation of the state of Acre in Rio Branco. A completely randomized design with two factors (2 × 3) was adopted, considering two volumes of tubes, 110 cm³ and 180 cm³, and three seedling densities per tray, 1/3, 2/3, and 3/3. After 120 days, it was observed that the seedlings produced in tubes with a volume of 180 cm3 had greater aerial length and stem diameter in relation to the density of seedlings per tray, seedlings produced in less dense trays (1/3) had a higher Dickson quality index. Therefore, it is inferred that seedlings of N. lappaceum are favored when tubes with a volume of 180 cm³ and a density per tray of 1/3 are used. Keywords: Dickson quality index, fruitful species, initial growth, non-timber forest product, seedling productio

Nascidos vivos com comunicação interventricular: estudo epidemiológico

Introduction: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of an opening or gap between the two ventricles of the heart, the lower chambers responsible for pumping blood to the body. This opening allows oxygenated blood, which should be pumped to the body, to mix with deoxygenated blood, causing an overload on the lungs and consequently on the heart. Methodology: The exploratory epidemiological study on live births with ventricular septal defect adopted an approach that combined data from the Information System on Live Births (SINASC) of DATASUS and research from academic sources, such as Google Scholar. Results: Analyzing the variable Color/Race, the data reveals a distribution among different ethnic groups. Most cases of congenital heart disease occurred in individuals of white ethnicity, totaling 1,449 cases, representing 58.57% of the total. Next, the brown ethnicity contributed 796 cases, equivalent to 32.17%. Conclusion: Understanding the incidence in different ethnic groups, gestation duration, and types of delivery provides a comprehensive overview, emphasizing the need for public health strategies that consider not only the cardiac condition itself but also associated socioeconomic and clinical factors.Introdução: A comunicação interventricular (CIV) é uma condição médica que se caracteriza pela presença de uma abertura ou abertura entre os dois ventrículos do coração, como câmaras inferiores responsáveis pelo bombeamento do sangue para o corpo. Essa abertura permite que o sangue oxigenado, que deveria ser bombeado para o corpo, se misture com o sangue não oxigenado, causando uma sobrecarga nos pulmões e, por consequência, no coração. Metodologia: O estudo epidemiológico exploratório sobre nascidos vivos com comunicação interventricular adotou uma abordagem que combinou dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) do DATASUS e pesquisa em fontes acadêmicas, como o Google Acadêmico. Resultado: Ao analisar a variável Cor/Raça, os dados revelam uma distribuição entre diferentes grupos étnicos. A maioria dos casos de cardiopatia congênita ocorreu em indivíduos de cor/raça branca, totalizando 1.449 casos, o que representa 58,57% do total. Em seguida, a cor/raça parda contribuiu com 796 casos, equivalente a 32,17%. Conclusão: A compreensão da incidência em diferentes grupos étnicos, duração da gestação e tipos de parto oferece um panorama abrangente, ressaltando a necessidade de estratégias de saúde pública que levem em consideração não apenas a condição cardíaca em si, mas também os fatores socioeconômicos e clínicos associado

Las TIC como herramientas en la formación inicial y continuada del profesor de lenguas extranjeras adicionales : la experiencia del Observatorio de lnterlengua

Antes del surgimiento de Internet, el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación dependía de la búsqueda de referencias en bibliotecas físicas, tarea que tardaba mucho, a veces sin éxito. Actualmente, las bases de datos ofrecen la posibilidad de acceder al contenidos publicados mundialmente. Anclados en ese nuevo contexto, se presenta un proyecto desarrollado en la Uniuersidade Estadual de Londrina, un 'Programa de Formación Complementaria en la Enseñanza de Graduación' titulado: 'Observatorio de Interligua". El programa está dirigido hacia la formación inicial y continuada del profesor de lenguas extranjeras adicionales, y también, tiene por reto compilar referencias de trabajos resultantes de investigaciones dedicadas a la interlengua de brasileños aprendices de español que se realizan bajo el soporte teórico-metodológico de la Lingüística Contrastiva y sus interfaces.ES

Produção de mudas de Euterpe precatoria Mart. em resposta a diferentes dosagens de nitrogênio e potássio

The success of açaí establishment as a monoculture is associated with the care regarding seedling quality and health. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of nitrogen and potassium to produce seedlings of Euterpe precatoria Mart. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design in a 5x5 factorial arrangement, with the first factor corresponding to nitrogen levels (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg dm-3 of N) and the second factor consisting of the potassium levels (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 mg dm-3 of K), aplit into 20, 40, and 40% of the total dosage. The following were evaluated 300 days after harvesting: seedling height, stem diameter, number of active leaves, dry root, shoot, and total mass, and the Dickson Quality Index. The data were subjected to univariate analysis and then to regression analysis. A significant effect was observed only for the N levels, with a positive linear response on all variables analyzed. Thus, the nitrogen levels influenced the growth and quality of E. precatoria seedlings 300 days after transplanting. Potassium fertilization for E. precatoria seedlings during the nursery phase was not responsive to any variable. In addition, there was no effect of the interaction between the N and K levels on the growth ofE. precatoria seedlings 300 days after transplanting, and seedlings subjected to increasing nitrogen levels wereresponsive, showing good morphological attributes.O sucesso para a implementação de açaizeiro solteiro em forma de monocultivo está atrelado ao cuidado referente a qualidade e sanidade da muda. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar a influência de nitrogênio e potássio para a produção de mudas de Euterpe precatoria Mart. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5x5, sendo o primeiro fator as doses de nitrogênio (0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 mg dm-3 de N) e o segundo de potássio (0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 mg dm-3 de K), ambos aplicados de forma parcelada, 20, 40 e 40%. Aos 300 dias após a repicagem foram avaliados: altura da muda, diâmetro do coleto, número de folhas ativas, massa seca da raiz, da parte aérea e total e, posteriormente o índice de qualidade de Dickson. Os dados foram submetidos a análise univariada e posterior análise de regressão. Observou-se efeito significativo apenas para as dosagens de N, com resposta linear positiva para todas as variáveis analisadas. Desta forma, as doses de nitrogênio influenciam no crescimento e na qualidade de mudas de E. precatoria aos 300 dias após repicagem; a adubação potássica para mudas de E. precatoria na fase de viveiro não se mostrou responsiva para nenhuma variável; além disso, não se verificou interação entre as doses de N e K no crescimento de mudas de E. precatoria aos 300 dias após repicagem e mudas submetidas a doses crescentes de nitrogênio são responsivas, possuindo bons atributos morfológicos

Adubação orgânica e águas de diferentes níveis salinos no cultivo do algodoeiro de fibra colorida

In the semiarid the occurrence of long periods of drought has made irrigation an indispensable practice for agricultural exploration. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth and yield of cotton cv. BRS Jady irrigated with waters of different levels of salinities and doses of organic matter. The experiment was conducted using a sandy loam texture Eutrophic Neolithic in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba. A randomized complete block design was used in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications, the treatments of which were the result of the combination of four levels of electrical conductivity (Ecw) (1.7, 3.4, 5.1 And 6.8 dS m-1) and four doses of organic matter (0, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% on the basis of soil volume). Irrigation with EC saline water from 1.7 dS m-1 negatively affected the growth and yield of cotton cv. BRS Jady, causing reductions in stem diameter, plant height, leaf area, total dry matter, feathered cotton mass, total seed mass and fiber yield. Organic fertilization with increasing doses promoted increase in plant height, leaf area and total seed mass of cotton cv. BRS Jady. There was interaction between saltwater factors and organic matter doses for shoot diameter, total dry matter and cotton mass in feathers, the highest values being obtained in the 3.5 and 4.5% organic matter doses.No semiárido a ocorrência de longos períodos de estiagem vem tornado a irrigação uma pratica indispensável para exploração agrícola. Desta forma objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, avaliar o crescimento e a produção de do algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady irrigado com águas de distintos níveis de salinidades e doses de matéria orgânica. O experimento foi conduzido utilizando-se um Neossolo Regolítico Eutrófico de textura franco arenosa no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Adotouse o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com três repetições, cujos os tratamentos resultaram da combinação de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água (CEa) (1,7; 3,4; 5,1 e 6,8 dS m-1) e quatro doses de matéria orgânica (0; 2,5; 3,5 e 4,5% em base do volume do solo). A irrigação com água salina de CE a partir 1,7 dS m-1 afetou negativamente o crescimento e a produção do algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady, provocando reduções no diâmetro de caule, altura de planta, área foliar, fitomassa seca total, massa de algodão em pluma, massa total de sementes e rendimento de fibra. A adubação orgânica com doses crescentes promoveu aumento na altura de plantas, área foliar e massa total de sementes do algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady. Houve interação entre os fatores aguas salinas e doses de matéria orgânica para diâmetro caulinar, fitomassa seca total e massa de algodão em pluma, sendo os maiores valores obtidos na das doses de 3,5 e 4,5% de matéria orgânica

Fitomassa e produção de algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady cultivado com águas salinas e doses de esterco bovino

The production of naturally colored fiber cotton in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, where water is not always of good quality, is dependent on the use of techniques that make it possible to manage soil and water with high salt content. In view of the above, the objective was to evaluate phytomass and cotton production cv. BRS Jady subjected to increasing levels of salinity of irrigation water and doses of bovine manure. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in a sandy-texture Eutrophic Regeneration Neosol in the municipality of Campina Grande, Paraíba. A randomized complete block design was used in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications, and the treatments were composed of four levels of electrical conductivity of water (ECw, 1.7, 3.4, 5.1 and 6.8 dS m-1) and four doses of bovine manure (0; 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5% on a soil bulk basis). Increasing levels of salinity of irrigation water with ECa greater than 1.7 dS m-1 reduced the formation of dry leaf biomass, however, the increase in the doses of bovine manure promoted increases in this variable. Fertilization with bovine manure promotes an increase in the production of total number of seeds and mass of one hundred seeds. There was interaction between the factors levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water and doses of cattle manure for dry phytomass and stem and root of cotton cv. 'BRS Jady'.A produção de algodoeiro de fibra naturalmente colorido, na região semiárida do nordeste brasileiro, onde as águas nem sempre são de boa qualidade, está na dependência do uso de técnicas que viabilizem o manejo do solo e da água com teor elevado de sais. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar fitomassa e produção do algodoeiro cv. BRS Jady submetido a níveis crescentes de salinidade da água de irrigação e doses de esterco bovino. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido em um Neossolo Regolítico Eutrófico de textura franco-arenosa no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Usou-se o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 4, com três repetições, sendo os tratamentos compostos de quatro níveis de condutividade elétrica da água (CEa) (1,7; 3,4; 5,1 e 6,8 dS m-1) e quatro doses de esterco bovino (0; 2,5; 3,5 e 4,5% em base do volume do solo). Níveis crescentes de salinidade da água de irrigação com CEa superior a 1,7 dS m-1 reduziu a formação de fitomassa seca de folha, entretanto o aumento nas doses de esterco bovino promoveu acréscimos nesta variável. A adubação com esterco bovino promove incremento na produção de número de sementes totais e massa de cem sementes. Houve interação entre os fatores níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação e doses de esterco bovino para fitomassa seca e caule e raiz do algodoeiro cv. „BRS Jady‟

Lethal and sub-lethal effects of nitrofurantoin on zebrafish early-life stages

Antibiotics are among the most extensively used pharmaceuticals worldwide. They are natural or synthetic drugs with the capacity to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Several antibiotics have been detected in aquatic environments, but little is known about their effects on non-target organisms, especially fish. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the antibiotic nitrofurantoin (NTF) using zebrafish embryos as model organisms. To assess mortality and development effects, the embryos were exposed to 0, 4, 9, 44, 100, 223 and 500 mg/L of NTF. A sub-lethal range of concentrations (0, 0.001, 0.02, 0.32, 5.62 and 100 mg/L) was used for biomarker analyses, namely cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase and catalase. The results indicated low toxicity of NTF to zebrafish, with a 168 h-LC50 value of 129.2 mg/L. The main effect on development was the loss of equilibrium related to the uninflated swim bladder (168 h-EC50 = 96.72 mg/L). Biomarker activity was induced in concentrations as low as 0.02 mg/L (cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase). Exposure to NTF induced no significant effects on zebrafish larvae behaviour. In summary, short-term exposure of zebrafish embryos to NTF induced developmental alterations only at high concentrations. However, biochemical changes occurred at lower levels of exposure, suggesting long-term effects on fish populations2312CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPFUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO DISTRITO FEDERAL - FAPDFSem informaçãoSem informação2018/03108-0edital da água—05/201

Ecological Aspects of Phlebotomine Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) from a Cave of the Speleological Province of Bambuí, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-21T17:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) gustavo_carvalho_etal_IOC_2013.pdf: 428060 bytes, checksum: 91ac21fb95ec9849e3bc94828c85461c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Fisiologia e Bioquímica de Insetos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Grupo de Estudos em Leishmanioses. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Phlebotomines are invertebrate hosts of Leishmania genus species which are etiological agents of leishmaniases in humans and other mammals. Sandflies are often collected in entomological studies of caves both in the inner area and the adjacent environments. Caves are ecotypes clearly different from the external environment. Several caves have been opened to public visitation before any studies were performed and the places do not have scientific monitoring of the fauna, flora, geological and geographical characteristics. These events can lead to the loss of geological and biological information. Considering these aspects, this study aimed to describe the sand fly fauna, including the ecological features, in a limestone cave at the Speleological Province of Bambuí (Minas Gerais State, Brazil). A total of 8,354 specimens of sandflies belonging to 29 species were analyzed: Lutzomyia cavernicola (20%), Nyssomyia intermedia (15%), Martinsmyia oliveirai (13%), Evandromyia spelunca (12%), Evandromyia sallesi (11%), Migonemyia migonei (9%), Nyssomyia whitmani (9%), Sciopemyia sordellii (4%) and Lutzomyia longipalpis (2%). The others species represent 5% of the total. This manuscript presents data found on richness, diversity, evenness and seasonality, comparing the sand fly fauna trapped in the cave and its surroundings