Comparative Study of Knowledge Acquisition, Satisfaction, Self-confidence and Perceived Support in Nursing Students Experiencing Simulation Versus Clinical Placement in Perinatal Care

The aim of this study was to compare nursing students experiencing simulations (SIM group) (n=25) versus clinical placement (CPG) (n=55) in perinatal care. Questionnaires on satisfaction, self-confidence and perceived support were completed by both groups. Knowledge acquisition was assessed using standardized course evaluation. The Student’s t-test showed that differences between groups were not statistically significant for knowledge acquisition and satisfaction, while they were statistically significant for self-confidence and perceived support with higher scores in the CPG group. This study contributes to knowledge development since few have compared simulations as a learning method to replace totally clinical placement. Findings support the simulations as an appropriate method for students’ knowledge acquisition and satisfaction in a perinatal care course, but more studies are needed for generalization. Résumé L’objectif de cette étude était de comparer les expériences d’étudiantes en sciences infirmières ayant terminé des activités de simulation (groupe SIM) (n=25) avec celles d’étudiantes ayant effectué un stage en milieu clinique (groupe CPG) (n = 55). Les expériences des deux groupes étaient en soins périnataux. Des questionnaires sur la satisfaction, la confiance en soi et le soutien perçu ont été remplis par les deux groupes. L’acquisition des connaissances a été mesurée à l’aide des modes standardisés d’évaluation dans le cadre du cours. Le test-t de Student a montré que les différences entre les groupes n’étaient pas statistiquement significatives pour l’acquisition de connaissances ni la satisfaction, alors qu’elles l’étaient pour la confiance en soi et le soutien perçu avec des scores plus élevés dans le groupe CPG. Cette étude contribue au corps de connaissances puisque peu ont comparé les activités de simulation comme méthode d’apprentissage pour entièrement remplacer le stage en milieu clinique. Les résultats appuient les activités de simulation comme une méthode appropriée pour l’acquisition de connaissances et la satisfaction des étudiantes dans un cours de soins périnataux, mais d’autres études sont nécessaires avant la généralisation

Élaboration d’une intervention infirmière suivant une approche basée sur la théorie et les données empiriques pour promouvoir les interactions empreintes de sensibilité maternelle à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatals

Introduction: Sensitive mother-infant interactions are important predictors of long-term mother-infant relationship and infant development. Considering preterm infants’ immaturity, mother-infant interactions and maternal sensitivity may not develop optimally. A systematic review showed that current evidence on the effectiveness of parent-infant interventions promoting parental sensitivity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is of low to very low quality. Objective: The objective of this paper is to report the development process of a novel nursing intervention, using a theory and evidence-based approach, to enhance maternal sensitivity and preterm infant neurodevelopment in the NICU. Methods: The Medical Research Council’s guidance to develop and evaluate complex health interventions, that is an evidence and theory-based approach, was used for this study. Thus, based on the MRC framework, three main steps were conducted: 1- Identifying existing empirical evidence; 2- Identifying and developing theory; 3- Modeling processes and outcomes. Results: We developed a guided participation intervention for mothers to participate in their preterm infant’s care and positioning (‘GP_Posit’). ‘GP_Posit’ is based upon the Attachment theory, the Guided Participation theory as well as the Synactive theory of development. Conclusion: This novel intervention is being tested in a pilot randomized controlled trial (NCT03677752).Introduction : La relation mère-enfant, dont les interactions empreintes de sensibilité maternelle en sont l’un des principaux prédicteurs, figure parmi les facteurs pouvant améliorer le développement des nouveau-nés prématurés. En raison de l’immaturité des nouveau-nés prématurés, les interactions mère-enfant précoces et la sensibilité maternelle sont à risque de se développer de façon sous-optimale. Les résultats d’une revue systématique ont montré que les données actuelles sur l’efficacité des interventions parent-enfant favorisant la sensibilité parentale dès l’hospitalisation à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatals (USIN) sont de qualité faible à très faible. Objectif : L’objectif de cet article est de rapporter le processus de développement d’une nouvelle intervention infirmière, en utilisant une approche basée sur la théorie et les données empiriques, pour améliorer la sensibilité maternelle et le développement neurologique des nouveau-nés prématurés à l’USIN. Méthodes : Les lignes directrices du Medical Research Council pour le développement et l’évaluation d’interventions complexes en santé ont été suivies. Ainsi, trois principales étapes ont été suivies : 1- Identification des preuves empiriques existantes ; 2- Identification et développement théorique ; 3- Modélisation des processus et des résultats. Résultats : Nous avons développé une intervention de participation guidée pour que les mères participent aux soins et au positionnement de leur nouveau-né prématuré (‘GP_Posit’). ‘GP_Posit’ est basée sur la théorie de l’attachement, la théorie de la participation guidée ainsi que la théorie synactive du développement. Conclusion : Cette intervention est mise à l’essai dans un essai contrôlé randomisé pilote (NCT03677752)

Health science communication strategies used by researchers with the public in the digital and social media ecosystem : a systematic scoping review protocol

Introduction The optimisation of health science communication (HSC) between researchers and the public is crucial. In the last decade, the rise of the digital and social media ecosystem allowed for the disintermediation of HSC. Disintermediation refers to the public’s direct access to information from researchers about health science-related topics through the digital and social media ecosystem, a process that would otherwise require a human mediator, such as a journalist. Therefore, the primary aim of this scoping review is to describe the nature and the extent of the literature regarding HSC strategies involving disintermediation used by researchers with the public in the digital and social media ecosystem. The secondary aim is to describe the HSC strategies used by researchers, and the communication channels associated with these strategies. Methods and analysis We will conduct a scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology and perform a systematic search of six bibliographical databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, IBSS, PubMed, Sociological Abstracts and Web of Science), four trial registries and relevant sources of grey literature. Relevant journals and reference lists of included records will be hand-searched. Data will be managed using the EndNote software and the Rayyan web application. Two review team members will perform independently the screening process as well as the full-text assessment of included records. Descriptive data will be synthesised in a tabular format. Data regarding the nature and the extent of the literature, the HSC strategies and the associated communication channels will be presented narratively. Ethics and dissemination This review does not require institutional review board approval as we will use only collected and published data. Results will allow the mapping of the literature about HSC between researchers and the public in the digital and social media ecosystem, and will be published in a peer-reviewed journal

Communicating science in the digital and social media ecosystem : scoping review and typology of strategies used by health scientists

Background: The public's understanding of science can be influential in a wide range of areas related to public health, including policy making and self-care. Through the digital and social media ecosystem, health scientists play a growing role in public science communication (SC). Objective: This review aimed to (1) synthesize the literature on SC initiated by health scientists targeting the public in the digital and social media ecosystem and (2) describe the SC strategies and communication channels used. Methods: This scoping review was based on the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodological Framework. A systematic search was performed in 6 databases (January 2000 to April 2018). Title and abstract screening, full-text review, data charting, and critical appraisal were performed independently by two review authors. Data regarding included studies and communication channels were synthesized descriptively. A typology of SC strategies was developed using a qualitative and inductive method of data synthesis. Results: Among 960 unique publications identified, 18 met inclusion criteria. A third of publications scored good quality (6/18, 33%), half scored moderate quality (9/18, 50%), and less than a fifth scored low quality (3/18, 16%). Overall, 75 SC strategies used by health scientists were identified. These were grouped into 9 types: content, credibility, engagement, intention, linguistics, planification, presentation, social exchange, and statistics. A total of 5 types of communication channels were identified: social networking platforms (eg, Twitter), content-sharing platforms (eg, YouTube), digital research communities (eg, ResearchGate), personal blogs and websites (eg, WordPress), and social news aggregation and discussion platforms (eg, Reddit). Conclusions: Evidence suggests that multiple types of SC strategies and communication channels are used by health scientists concurrently. Few empirical studies have been conducted on SC by health scientists in the digital and social media ecosystem. Future studies should examine the appropriateness and effectiveness of SC strategies for improving public health-related outcomes and identify the barriers, facilitators, and ethical considerations inherent to the involvement of health scientists in the digital and social media ecosystem

Développement et étude pilote randomisée d’une intervention infirmière de participation guidée au positionnement (GP_Posit) pour mères de nouveau-nés prématurés

Les nouveau-nés prématurés sont à risque de développer des séquelles neurodéveloppementales pouvant se manifester de la petite enfance jusqu’à l’âge adulte. La relation mère-enfant précoce figure parmi les facteurs pouvant améliorer leur neurodéveloppement. La principale composante de cette relation est la sensibilité maternelle, soit la capacité de détecter, d’interpréter et de répondre rapidement aux besoins du nouveau-né. Cependant, en raison de l’immaturité des nouveau-nés prématurés ainsi que du stress et de l’anxiété vécus par les mères pendant l’hospitalisation, celles-ci sont à risque de développer une sensibilité maternelle sous-optimale. De par leurs compétences, leurs valeurs et leurs activités réservées, les infirmières à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatals (USIN) jouent un rôle de premier plan pour favoriser la sensibilité maternelle dès l’hospitalisation des nouveau-nés prématurés. Les données scientifiques actuelles ne sont suffisantes ni en quantité ni en qualité afin d’orienter les interventions que pourraient concrètement réaliser les infirmières auprès de la dyade mère-nouveau-né prématuré afin de favoriser de façon très précoce, soit dès l’hospitalisation, la sensibilité maternelle. Le but de la thèse comportait deux volets : 1- développer une intervention infirmière très précoce selon une approche combinant la théorie et les données empiriques pour favoriser la sensibilité maternelle et le neurodéveloppement des nouveau-nés prématurés à l’USIN; et 2- mettre à l’essai et évaluer la faisabilité, l’acceptabilité et estimer les effets préliminaires de l’intervention infirmière sur la sensibilité maternelle et le neurodéveloppement des nouveau-nés prématurés à l’USIN. Une intervention infirmière novatrice multifactorielle nommée GP_Posit a été développée. GP_Posit est une intervention individuelle hebdomadaire durant laquelle l’infirmière crée une relation de participation guidée avec la mère, dans un contexte de participation aux soins et au positionnement du nouveau-né prématuré. Basée sur la Théorie de l’Attachement, la Théorie de la Participation Guidée et la Théorie Synactive du Développement, GP_Posit est principalement conçue afin de favoriser la sensibilité maternelle et le neurodéveloppement du nouveau-né prématuré. Ensuite, une étude pilote randomisée à deux groupes a été menée dans une USIN de niveau III d’un centre hospitalier universitaire mère-enfant. Au total, 20 dyades composées de mères et de leur nouveau-né prématuré ont été recrutées et randomisées au groupe expérimental (GP_Posit; n=10) ou au groupe contrôle (soins standards; n=10). Les résultats montrent que GP_Posit est faisable et acceptable pour les mères de nouveau-nés prématurés ainsi que pour l’équipe de recherche. Toutefois, au niveau de la faisabilité et l’acceptabilité du devis relatif à l’essai clinique randomisé, des difficultés ont été rencontrées au niveau du recrutement et la collecte de données au post-test. Les effets préliminaires estimés montrent une tendance vers un effet large indiquant une augmentation de la sensibilité maternelle chez les mères du groupe expérimental. Quant à l’effet préliminaire sur le neurodéveloppement, les nouveau-nés prématurés du groupe contrôle étaient légèrement favorisés. Une seconde étude pilote permettrait de mettre à l’essai des procédures modifiées de recrutement et collecte de données au post-test. Éventuellement, un essai contrôlé randomisé multicentrique à grande échelle permettra d’apprécier davantage les effets de GP_Posit sur la sensibilité maternelle et le neurodéveloppement des nouveau-nés prématurés.Preterm infants are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments which can manifest from infancy through adulthood. The early mother-infant relationship is one of the factors that can improve their neurodevelopment. The main component of this relationship is maternal sensitivity, that is the mother’s ability detect, interpret and respond in an appropriate and timely manner to her infant’s needs. However, due to the immaturity of preterm infants as well as the stress and anxiety experienced by mothers during hospitalization, they are at risk of developing suboptimal maternal sensitivity. Neonatal nurses play a key role and have the necessary skills to promote maternal sensitivity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). However, the current evidence is neither sufficient nor of sufficiently good quality to guide the interventions that could be implemented by neonatal nurses to promote maternal sensitivity in the NICU. The aim of the thesis was twofold: 1- develop an innovative very early nursing intervention using an approach combining theory and empirical data to promote maternal sensitivity and neurodevelopment of preterm infants in the NICU; and 2- to implement and assess the feasibility, acceptability and estimate of the preliminary effects of this nursing intervention on maternal sensitivity and neurodevelopment of preterm infants in the NICU. A very early multifaceted nursing intervention named GP_Posit was developed. GP_Posit is a weekly individual intervention where nurses create a guided participation relationship with mothers, in a context of participation in care and positioning of the preterm infant. Based on Attachment Theory, Guided Participation Theory and Synactive Theory of Development, GP_Posit is primarily designed to promote maternal sensitivity and neurodevelopment of the preterm infant. A two-group randomized pilot study was conducted in a level III NICU of a mother-infant teaching hospital. A total of 20 dyads composed of mothers and preterm infants were recruited and randomized to the experimental group (GP_Posit; n = 10) or control group (standard care; n = 10). Results show that GP_Posit is feasible and acceptable for mothers of preterm infants as well as for the research team. Regarding the feasibility and acceptability of the randomized controlled trial study design, challenges were encountered in the recruitment and post-test data collection procedures. The preliminary effects showed a trend towards a large effect in increasing maternal sensitivity in experimental group mothers. As for the preliminary effect on neurodevelopment, preterm infants in the control group had an advantage. A second pilot study would be the opportunity to test modified recruitment and post-test data collection procedures. Eventually, a large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trial would allow a better understanding of the effectiveness of GP_Posit on maternal sensitivity and preterm infant neurodevelopment

Olfactive stimulation interventions for managing procedural pain in preterm and full-term neonates: a systematic review protocol

Abstract Background While hospitalized in the NICU, preterm neonates undergo many painful procedures. This may be the same for full-term neonates when longer hospitalization is required. Untreated and repeated pain has short-term as well as long-term consequences for these neonates. Pharmacological pain management methods have many limitations in their applications for both preterm and full-term neonates. A combination of different non-pharmacological methods is recommended for pain management. The effect of olfactive stimulation as a non-pharmacological pain management method was investigated by a few studies in the past years with premature and term neonates, but no systematic review has been conducted. The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the effect of olfactive stimulation intervention on the pain response of preterm and full-term neonates during painful procedures. Methods An electronic search will be conducted in various databases such as PubMed (1946 to date), MEDLINE (1946 to date), CINAHL (1981 to date), Embase (1947 to date), PsycINFO (1806 to date), Web of Science (1945 to date), CENTRAL and Scopus (1960 to date), and Proquest, without restriction for the year of publication. Only studies published in English or French will be included. The search will be conducted using the following three concepts: pain, odors, and neonates. Selection of articles, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias will be conducted by two independent researchers. A third researcher will intervene in case of disagreement. According to the availability of studies and data homogeneity, the results will be combined to perform a meta-analysis, or they will be described by a narrative synthesis. Discussion This systematic review will provide light on the current state of knowledge on the effectiveness of olfactive stimulation interventions for managing pain in preterm and full-term neonates. This review will guide clinical practice as well as research to improve preterm and full-term neonates’ pain management and prevent short-term and long-term complications caused by pain. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD4201705802

Effectiveness of interventions during NICU hospitalization on the neurodevelopment of preterm infants: a systematic review protocol

Abstract Background Previous systematic reviews have examined preterm infants’ long-term neurodevelopment after neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge, although none have explored the effectiveness of interventions on preterm infants’ neurodevelopment during NICU hospitalization. The aim of this review is to evaluate whether interventions, i.e., sensory stimulation, parental involvement, and control of environment, improve preterm infants’ neurodevelopment during their NICU hospitalization. Methods Experimental studies such as randomized controlled/clinical trials (RCTs) and cluster RCT will be included in this systematic review. Selected studies will be published in English or in French, in the past 15 years from 2002 to 2017. The following electronic databases will be searched to locate relevant studies: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE (OVID), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Web of Science. For all steps in selecting studies, agreement will be reached between two experts in neonatology. Data extraction will be performed independently by the two same experts and will then be compared. The Cochrane assessment tool will be used to screen the studies for risk of bias. A meta-analysis will be performed if the included studies are sufficiently homogeneous. Results will be analyzed using a standardized mean difference (with a 95% confidence interval). Statistical heterogeneity will be evaluated using the χ 2 test at the significance level of 0.1 and the I 2 with the classification suggested by PRISMA-P. If possible, subgroup analyses will be carried out considering preterm infants’ gestational age, length of NICU hospitalization, and the characteristics of the intervention such as who delivered it, the type, the dose, the frequency, and the duration. Data synthesis will be performed using the RevMan 5.1 software. Publication bias and selection of variables in publication will be examined using the graphical method of funnel plot and with the statistical test of Egger. Quality of the evidence of all outcomes will be assessed using the Grades of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Working Group. Discussion The results of this systematic review will highlight which interventions are effective for promoting preterm infants’ neurodevelopment during NICU hospitalization and will contribute to the body of knowledge in neonatal care by providing guidance for NICU clinical practice and research. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD4201704707

Additional file 1: of Olfactive stimulation interventions for managing procedural pain in preterm and full-term neonates: a systematic review protocol

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