Avaliação técnico-econômica do monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras em povoamentos de Eucalyptus spp, na Copener Florestal e Bahia Speciality cellulose

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Romano Timofeiczyk JuniorMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Economia Rural e Extensão, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Gestão FlorestalEste estudo foi realizado com dados coletados nas empresas florestais Copener Florestal e Bahia Specialty Cellulose, localizadas na região Nordeste da Bahia. O trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar de forma técnica e econômica os resultados de duas campanhas de monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras, em florestas de eucalipto sob regime de manutenção, com base em análise de dados históricos de consumo de formicida. Foram monitorados 37.694 ha de florestas, na campanha de 2008/2009 e 42.197 ha em 2009/2010. A metodologia de controle utilizada variou de acordo com diagnóstico de cada talhão. As recomendações de controle provenientes do monitoramento de formigas cortadeiras mostraram-se coerentes com a realidade de campo, em mais de 90% dos talhões. O consumo médio de formicida (sulfluramida 0,3%) observado foi de 0,73 kg.ha-1 na ""-primeira campanha avaliada; e de 0,78 kg.ha-1 na segunda. O monitoramento de formigas cortadeiras permitiu uma economia de R$427 mil em relação ao orçamento da empresa, e possibilitou a diminuição da área controlada em até 30$ 222,70 por hectare versus R$204,50 por hectare, em relação ao mesmo projeto sem o uso da técnica em questão. Sugeriu-se que a Copener/BSC, inicie estudos para obtenção do seu próprio pacote tecnológico em monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras. Isso porque, a regionalização dos parâmetros técnicos, possibilita o alcance de ganhos em maiores escalas.This study happened with data collected in forestry companies Copener Florestal and Bahia Specialty Cellulose, which are located in the northeast region in Bahia State, Brazil. The present research had as its main objective to evaluate in a technical and economical way, the results of two leaf cutting ants monitoring and control campaigns, in eucalyptus forests over one year old, based on analysis of historical data of formicide consumption. The leaf-cutting ant monitoring occurred in 37.694 hectares in 2008/2009, and in 42.197 hectares in 2009/2010. The leaf-cutting ant control methodology utilized varied in according to the diagnosis of each compartment. The recommendations from the monitoring control of ants were shown to be consistent with the field reality, over 90$ 427 thousands, over the budget of the company and allowed the reduction of the area controlled by up to 30% of the total, compared with nonmonitored systems. The net present value (NPV) for the project considered, with monitoring of ants was R$222,70 per hectare versus R$ 204,50 per hectare over the same project without the use of the technique in question. It was suggested that Copener / BSC, start studies for obtaining its own package in technological monitoring and control of ants, because the regionalization of the technical parameters, can enable gains on larger scales

Avaliação técnico-econômica do monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras em povoamentos de Eucalyptus spp, na Copener Florestal e Bahia Speciality cellulose

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Romano Timofeiczyk JuniorMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Economia Rural e Extensão, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Gestão FlorestalEste estudo foi realizado com dados coletados nas empresas florestais Copener Florestal e Bahia Specialty Cellulose, localizadas na região Nordeste da Bahia. O trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar de forma técnica e econômica os resultados de duas campanhas de monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras, em florestas de eucalipto sob regime de manutenção, com base em análise de dados históricos de consumo de formicida. Foram monitorados 37.694 ha de florestas, na campanha de 2008/2009 e 42.197 ha em 2009/2010. A metodologia de controle utilizada variou de acordo com diagnóstico de cada talhão. As recomendações de controle provenientes do monitoramento de formigas cortadeiras mostraram-se coerentes com a realidade de campo, em mais de 90% dos talhões. O consumo médio de formicida (sulfluramida 0,3%) observado foi de 0,73 kg.ha-1 na ""-primeira campanha avaliada; e de 0,78 kg.ha-1 na segunda. O monitoramento de formigas cortadeiras permitiu uma economia de R$427 mil em relação ao orçamento da empresa, e possibilitou a diminuição da área controlada em até 30$ 222,70 por hectare versus R$204,50 por hectare, em relação ao mesmo projeto sem o uso da técnica em questão. Sugeriu-se que a Copener/BSC, inicie estudos para obtenção do seu próprio pacote tecnológico em monitoramento e controle de formigas cortadeiras. Isso porque, a regionalização dos parâmetros técnicos, possibilita o alcance de ganhos em maiores escalas.This study happened with data collected in forestry companies Copener Florestal and Bahia Specialty Cellulose, which are located in the northeast region in Bahia State, Brazil. The present research had as its main objective to evaluate in a technical and economical way, the results of two leaf cutting ants monitoring and control campaigns, in eucalyptus forests over one year old, based on analysis of historical data of formicide consumption. The leaf-cutting ant monitoring occurred in 37.694 hectares in 2008/2009, and in 42.197 hectares in 2009/2010. The leaf-cutting ant control methodology utilized varied in according to the diagnosis of each compartment. The recommendations from the monitoring control of ants were shown to be consistent with the field reality, over 90$ 427 thousands, over the budget of the company and allowed the reduction of the area controlled by up to 30% of the total, compared with nonmonitored systems. The net present value (NPV) for the project considered, with monitoring of ants was R$222,70 per hectare versus R$ 204,50 per hectare over the same project without the use of the technique in question. It was suggested that Copener / BSC, start studies for obtaining its own package in technological monitoring and control of ants, because the regionalization of the technical parameters, can enable gains on larger scales

LiDAR metrics selection and neural network estimation performance

Neural Networks (NN) hold the potential for improving a variety of tasks in remote sensing and image processing. They represent a different approach to problems, as they do not rely on statistical relationships. Instead, neural networks adaptively estimate continuous functions from data without specifying mathematically how outputs depend on inputs. This paper evaluates the effect of metrics selection in NN volume estimation performance on LiDAR metrics. The LiDAR data were acquired from a six-year-old Eucalyptus grandis plantation, in April 2009, under maximum leaf area index. The dependent variable volume was collected from 23 rectangular plots, with 400 m² each , in July, 2009. The neural networks were designed with 10 neurons on the hidden layer. Input and hidden nodes compute logistic function and the output nodes linear one. The first NN received all the metrics extracted from LiDAR data set: sixty six metrics from all returns and other sixty six from first returns. For the second NN the data set was pruned, removing count and weak metrics. To the third NN were presented metrics selected by correlation rank. The RMSE analysis indicated NN adjusted based on the top 20 metrics as the best fitted neural network, followed by the NN adjusted based on pruned data and by NN adjusted to all metrics as input. Prune metrics increases the NN estimation capacity and the tolerance to unstable metrics as well. However, very intensive prunes, e.g. like performed in top 20 metrics selection, can result in overfitting, deteriorating the NN estimation capacity.Pages: 2958-296

Assessing biomass based on canopy height profiles using airborne laser scanning data in eucalypt plantations

This study aimed to map the stem biomass of an even-aged eucalyptus plantation in southeastern Brazil based on canopy height profile (CHPs) statistics using wall-to-wall discrete return airborne laser scanning (ALS), and compare the results with alternative maps generated by ordinary kriging interpolation from field-derived measurements. The assessment of stem biomass with ALS data was carried out using regression analysis methods. Initially, CHPs were determined to express the distribution of laser point heights in the ALS cloud for each sample plot. The probability density function (pdf) used was the Weibull distribution, with two parameters that in a secondary task, were used as explanatory variables to model stem biomass. ALS metrics such as height percentiles, dispersion of heights, and proportion of points were also investigated. A simple linear regression model of stem biomass as a function of the Weibull scale parameter showed high correlation (adj.R2 = 0.89). The alternative model considering the 30th percentile and the Weibull shape parameter slightly improved the quality of the estimation (adj.R2 = 0.93). Stem biomass maps based on the Weibull scale parameter doubled the accuracy of the ordinary kriging approach (relative root mean square error = 6 % and 13 %, respectively)

Stand volume models based on stable metrics as from multiple ALS acquisitions in Eucalyptus plantations

International audienceAbstractKey messageThe selection of stable metrics can generate reliable models between different data sets. The height metrics provide the greatest stability, specifically the higher percentiles and the mode. Height metrics transfer more predictive power than density metrics.ContextIn forestry, there is an increasing development of aerial laser scanning (ALS). The flight missions that permit to record ALS point clouds are not yet standardized. Therefore, there is a need to identify the metrics that permit to infer robust forest stand estimates from the different point cloud acquisitions.AimsThe aim of this study is to identify stable metrics derived from different ALS data sets to be used as independent variable in stand volume models.MethodsThree different ALS data sets were taken from the same Eucalyptus plantation on the same day, each differing from the others in terms of flight altitude, laser power, and pulse frequency rate. Two sets of best predictive models were obtained for each data set based on two approaches: a basic approach using noncollinear metrics and an exhaustive search, and a second approach that added a pairwise Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to select stable metrics.ResultsHeight metrics proved more stable, especially higher percentiles (>50 %) and the mode. Models developed with stable metrics had similar performance compared to the basic approach.ConclusionPercentiles higher than 50 % and the mode proved stable for that 6-year-old Eucalyptus plantation with a very homogeneous vertical structure. Further research widening the scope in terms of age and heterogeneity of vertical profiles is needed