Legal effects of multiparentality

Artigo publicado em: Pensar, Fortaleza, v. 21, n. 3, p. 847-873, set./dez. 2016Disponível online em: https://periodicos.unifor.br/rpen/article/view/5824/pdfThe present article examines the legal effects of multiparentality, in the differentes fields of Law, specially in Family Law and Inheritance Law. Although on September, 2016, the Brazilian Supreme Federal Court has recognized the possibility of multiparentality, several legal issues remain unclear, regarding, for example, the division of inheritance in case a son deceases before his multiparents or how does custody and visitation rights apply to multiparents. These and other issues are addressed by the present article, which indicates solutions based on doctrine and jurisprudence, prooving that multiparentality may be not so problematic as it might appear at first glance.O presente artigo examina os efeitos jurídicos da multiparentalidade nos diferentes campos do Direito, especialmente no Direito de Família e no Direito das Sucessões. Embora, em setembro de 2016, o Supremo Tribunal Federal brasileiro tenha reconhecido a possibilidade de multiparentalidade, diversas questões jurídicas permanecem em aberto, como o modo de divisão da herança caso o filho faleça anteriormente aos seus múltiplos pais, ou, ainda, como se aplicam os direitos de guarda e visitação em casos de multiparentalidade. Essas e outras questões são abordadas pelo presente artigo, que propõe soluções baseadas na doutrina e na jurisprudência, demonstrando que a multiparentalidade pode não ser tão problemática quanto aparenta à primeira vista

La constitucionalización del derecho contractual en Brasil

Analysis of the role of the Law of Contracts in the concretization of Brazil’s constitutional values, especially “igualdade substancial” (substantial equality), through normative, deontological and practical perspectives. Under the normative perspective, it can be identified the Brazilian Constitution that transmits values such as the reduction of inequalities, social solidarity and protection of human dignity. From the deontological perspective, the applicability of these values to the Law of Obligations and Contracts in Brazil is pointed out. Finally, an analysis of the practical scenario and the difficulties encountered in applying the constitutional civil methodology to Contract Law in Brazil is carried out.Análisis sobre el papel del derecho contractual en la concretización de los valores constitucionales brasileños, especialmente de la igualdade substancial (igualdad sustancial), a través de las perspectivas normativa, deontológica y práctica. Bajo la perspectiva normativa, son identificadas las normas en la Constitución brasileña que transmiten valores como la reducción de las desigualdades, la solidaridad social y la protección de la dignidad humana. En la perspectiva deontológica, se apunta a la aplicabilidad de estos valores al derecho de las obligaciones y de los contratos en Brasil. Finalmente, se analiza cómo sigue la práctica así como las dificultades encontradas en la aplicación de la metodología civil constitucional al derecho contractual en Brasil

Construindo um dever de renegociar no Direito brasileiro

O presente artigo examina o tema do dever de renegociar o contrato, investigando sua aplicabilidade, seu fundamento jurídico e as consequências do seu reconhecimento em um cenário de desequilíbrio contratual no direito brasileiro contemporâneo. Atenta-se, assim, para a relevância da dimensão comportamental dos contratantes no cenário de desequilíbrio, destacando-se a ausência de regulação do tema pelo legislador brasileiro. Em seguida, analisa-se a experiência jurídica estrangeira, para, finalmente, traçar os contornos do dever de renegociar no ordenamento brasileiro

Exponents of the localization lengths in the bipartite Anderson model with off-diagonal disorder

We investigate the scaling properties of the two-dimensional (2D) Anderson model of localization with purely off-diagonal disorder (random hopping). In particular, we show that for small energies the infinite-size localization lengths as computed from transfer-matrix methods together with finite-size scaling diverge with a power-law behavior. The corresponding exponents seem to depend on the strength and the type of disorder chosen.Comment: 6 pages, 8 EPS-figures, requires phbauth.cl

Twenty Hirsch index variants and other indicators giving more or less preference to highly cited papers

The Hirsch index or h-index is widely used to quantify the impact of an individual's scientific research output, determining the highest number h of a scientist's papers that received at least h citations. Several variants of the index have been proposed in order to give more or less preference to highly cited papers. I analyse the citation records of 26 physicists discussing various suggestions, in particular A, e, f, g, h(2), h_w, h_T, \hbar, m, {\pi}, R, s, t, w, and maxprod. The total number of all and of all cited publications as well as the highest and the average number of citations are also compared. Advantages and disadvantages of these indices and indicators are discussed. Correlation coefficients are determined quantifying which indices and indicators yield similar and which yield more deviating rankings of the 26 datasets. For 6 datasets the determination of the indices and indicators is visualized.Comment: 19 pages, including 6 tables and 3 figures accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik Berli

Non-spiky density of states of an icosahedral quasicrystal

The density of states of the ideal three-dimensional Penrose tiling, a quasicrystalline model, is calculated with a resolution of 10 meV. It is not spiky. This falsifies theoretical predictions so far, that spikes of width 10-20 meV are generic for the density of states of quasicrystals, and it confirms recent experimental findings. The qualitative difference between our results and previous calculations is partly explained by the small number of k points that has usually been included in the evaluation of the density of states of periodic approximants of quasicrystals. It is also shown that both the density of states of a small approximant of the three-dimensional Penrose tiling and the density of states of the ideal two-dimensional Penrose tiling do have spiky features, which also partly explains earlier predictions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Changes in this version: longer introduction, details of figures shown in inset

Multifractal analysis of the metal-insulator transition in anisotropic systems

We study the Anderson model of localization with anisotropic hopping in three dimensions for weakly coupled chains and weakly coupled planes. The eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, as computed by Lanczos diagonalization for systems of sizes up to $48^3$, show multifractal behavior at the metal-insulator transition even for strong anisotropy. The critical disorder strength $W_c$ determined from the system size dependence of the singularity spectra is in a reasonable agreement with a recent study using transfer matrix methods. But the respective spectrum at $W_c$ deviates from the ``characteristic spectrum'' determined for the isotropic system. This indicates a quantitative difference of the multifractal properties of states of the anisotropic as compared to the isotropic system. Further, we calculate the Kubo conductivity for given anisotropies by exact diagonalization. Already for small system sizes of only $12^3$ sites we observe a rapidly decreasing conductivity in the directions with reduced hopping if the coupling becomes weaker.Comment: 25 RevTeX pages with 10 PS-figures include

Comparison of Wide and Compact Fourth Order Formulations of the Navier-Stokes Equations

In this study the numerical performances of wide and compact fourth order formulation of the steady 2-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations will be investigated and compared with each other. The benchmark driven cavity flow problem will be solved using both wide and compact fourth order formulations and the numerical performances of both formulations will be presented and also the advantages and disadvantages of both formulations will be discussed

High Precision Astrometry with MICADO at the European Extremely Large Telescope

In this article we identify and discuss various statistical and systematic effects influencing the astrometric accuracy achievable with MICADO, the near-infrared imaging camera proposed for the 42-metre European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). These effects are instrumental (e.g. geometric distortion), atmospheric (e.g. chromatic differential refraction), and astronomical (reference source selection). We find that there are several phenomena having impact on ~100 micro-arcsec scales, meaning they can be substantially larger than the theoretical statistical astrometric accuracy of an optical/NIR 42m-telescope. Depending on type, these effects need to be controlled via dedicated instrumental design properties or via dedicated calibration procedures. We conclude that if this is done properly, astrometric accuracies of 40 micro-arcsec or better - with 40 micro-arcsec/year in proper motions corresponding to ~20 km/s at 100 kpc distance - can be achieved in one epoch of actual observationsComment: 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted by MNRA