Caracterização de óleos especialmente ricos em ácidos gordos essenciais e ensaio preliminar da sua potencial aplicação em piscicultura

Tese de doutoramento, Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Universidade do Algarve, 2001Os ácidos gordos essenciais (EFA) não podem ser sintetizados pelo organismo e têm de ser obtidos a partir dos alimentos ingeridos. São necessários ao crescimento, reprodução e normal funcionamento do organismo, prevenindo o desenvolvimento de patologias e eventualmente a morte

Criança com intussuscepção e divertículo de Meckel: relato de caso: Child with intussusception and Meckel's diverticulum: case report

O divertículo de Meckel é uma malformação congênita do trato gastrointestinal, sendo a mais frequente delas.Normalmente é assintomático, porém pode causar complicações, especialmente em jovens. Suas principais complicações incluem sangramento gastrointestinal, obstrução intestinal, perfuração e inflamação, podendo se envolver em processos patológicos como a intussuscepção, que resulta do encarceramento do segmento intestinal a montante no segmento a jusante. Esse estudo traz um relato de caso de um paciente pediátrico masculino, com três meses e quatro dias de idade, com diagnóstico pré-operatório de obstrução intestinal, encaminhado para uma laparotomia exploratória. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico foi diagnosticado o divertículo de Meckel associado a uma intussuscepção intestinal, sendo necessária uma colectomia / enterectomia a nível de íleo distal. Em casos como esse, a cirurgia continua sendo o tratamento de escolha, porém quando executada com a técnica adequada e cuidados pós-cirúrgicos eficazes transcorre sem maiores complicações

Avaliação da atividade antibacteriana do MTA e do Cimento Portland sob bactérias cariogênicas

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Influence of saltwater intake on the health of dairy cattle

Water is an element extremely important, essential for life, and necessary to maintain some factors such as intracellular pressure, assist digestive processes, carry nutrients, eliminate toxins through urine and allow the thermal balance of living things. However, it is a scarce element as the national water resources policy in Brazil advocates. In recent years water has become one of the biggest global problems due to lack and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of saline intake on the health of dairy cattle. The actions consisted of periodic visits to a rural property located in the city of Pesqueira, Agreste Pernambucano - Brazil, whose main economic activity is milk production and cheese making. The herd has milk aptitude and consists of 182 animals. Samples of desalination tailings water that were supplied for quench the animals were collected. Blood samples from the cattle were collected and sent for hematological exams. The results showed alterations of some physicochemical parameters of water and high serum levels of chloride and sodium in cattle. The continuous intake of wastewater from the desalination process for the quench of dairy cattle alters the serological and physiological patterns of these animals. Further studies must be conducted on dairy products regarding their quality and health impact

Two Faces of the Same Coin: A Case Report of Antiphospholipid Syndrome Nephropathy

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease which can be primary or secondary to other autoimmune conditions and is defined by the occurrence of arterial or venous thrombosis, or pregnancy morbidity associated with persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA). The kidney may be affected by thrombosis at any level of its vasculature. When small vessels are involved, this results in thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), which can manifest as either acute vaso-occlusive or chronic vascular lesions in glomeruli, arterioles and interlobular arteries. We report the case of 26-year-old man, with a previous medical history suggestive of APS, who was found to have a small elevation in serum creatinine. A kidney biopsy was performed and revealed features of chronic TMA. Anticoagulation was begun and kidney function remained stable. However, one year later, upon suspension of anticoagulation, the patient developed acute kidney injury and a second kidney biopsy showed acute TMA. This case describes different manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome nephropathy (APSN) and highlights the importance of anticoagulation for thrombosis prevention

O assistente social no enfrentamento a violência contra o idoso nas instituições de longa permanência / The social worker in facing violence against elderly in long-staying institutions

O estudo objetiva, mediante discussão bibliográfica, entender a relação do aumento da expectativa de vida no Brasil com o abandono de idosos, investigar os efeitos causados nos idosos em detrimento do abandono e discutir a ação do assistente social no enfrentamento a violência contra o idoso na proteção social especial de alta complexidade do Sistema Único de Assistência Social. São expostos dados recentes das modificações na pirâmide etária, demonstrando o acréscimo lento do número de crianças e adolescentes de modo paralelo ao aumento de cidadãos em idade ativa e idosos. Ademais, apresenta-se o que consta nas legislações no tocante aos maus tratos e abandono de idosos, quais são os problemas frequentes entre os idosos que sofrem essa violência e como o assistente social intervenciona nesses casos. Conclui-se que o abandono não deriva apenas da negligência familiar, mas muitas vezes da falta de suporte do Estado para atender a esse público

Urbanicity and Psychosis: Is there a Connection? A Comparative Study between an Urban and Rural Area in Portugal

Introduction: Studies about urbanicity and psychosis show contradictory results. In northern European countries and China there is a positive relationship; in southern European and underdeveloped countries, a significant difference between rural and urban rates of psychosis has not been found. Methods: We carried out a 5‐year retrospective observational study, with patients admitted to two inpatient units for first‐episode psychosis (FEP), in a rural area (Évora) and an urban area (Lisbon). We excluded affective or organic psychosis. Socio‐demographic and clinical data were extracted and analyzed. Results: The prevalence of FEP was the same for both areas (42/100 000 inhabitants), with a predominance of unemployed (63%) and lonesome individuals (81% in Évora versus 72% in Lisbon). The mean age was similar (Évora 43.4 years old; Lisbon 41.4 years old). Lisbon had a greater diversity of nationalities (16.3% vs 4.6%) and a higher rate of psychotic disturbance due to substance use (26.5% vs 21.6%). The most prevalent diagnosis in the Lisbon was unspecified psychotic disorder (UPD) (34.7%), while in Évora it was delusional disorder (DD) (21.5%) and acute andtransient psychotic disorder (21.5%). DD was a prevalent diagnosis in both areas, affecting mainly women and those with a higher median age. Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) of less than 1 month was higher in Lisbon (24.5% vs 4.5%), but there was a high prevalence of DUP of more than 2 years in both samples (20.4% vs 23.1%). Discussion: The mean age of FEP was higher than in other studies, which may translate a significant prevalence of DD or reflect a higher DUP. A reduced DUP of less than 1 month in the rural area can be explained by greater isolation of the population, lower health literacy or better integration of patients in the community. The prevalence of UPD was higher in the urban area, possibly due to different forms of registration or a lower DUP. Conclusion: Our results are in line with studies reported in southern European countries, where no association was found between psychosis and urbanicity, and further studies are needed to elucidate this issue

Design e fabricação digital de produtos flexíveis para a saúde pública com uso de TPU: aspectos de sustentabilidade social e econômica

Este artigo apresenta, descreve e analisa, sob a ótica da sustentabilidade social e econômica, o desenvolvimento e fabricação de dois produtos para uso em um hospital público com uso de impressão 3D tendo como material principal um polímero de poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) na forma de filamento. As aplicações foram para o setor de fisioterapia do hospital, com foco em urologia e ginecologia/obstetrícia. O método de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, do tipo experimental e exploratório e com base em Design, envolveu quatro etapas principais: 1) imersão no problema por meio de conversa com uma especialista, pesquisa de similares e busca de artigos científicos relativos ao tema; 2) ideação com uso de esboços manuais e discussão em equipe; 3) experimentação, por meio de modelagem 3D digital e impressão 3D de protótipos, e 4) Teste dos protótipos com os pacientes pela especialista que solicitou os produtos. A necessidade de um material flexível foi um dos pontos em comum entre os produtos, e um dos principais resultados apontou o TPU como um material adequado para produção dos protótipos por meio de impressão 3D, com implicações tanto econômicas quanto sociais, as quais são analisadas ao final do artigo

Effect of low-level laser therapy on pain, quality of life and sleep in patients with fibromyalgia: study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been widely used as adjuvant strategy for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The light-tissue interaction (photobiostimulation) promotes analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and improves tissue healing, which could justify the recommendation of this therapy for patients with fibromyalgia, leading to an improvement in pain and possibly minimizing social impact related to this disease. The present study proposes to evaluate the effect of LLLT on tender points in patients with fibromyalgia, correlating this outcome with quality of life and sleep. METHODS/DESIGN: One hundred and twenty patients with fibromyalgia will be treated at the Integrated Health Center and the Sleep Laboratory of the Post Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences of the Nove de Julho University located in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. After fulfilling the eligibility criteria, a clinical evaluation and assessments of pain and sleep quality will be carried out and self-administered quality of life questionnaires will be applied. The 120 volunteers will be randomly allocated to an intervention group (LLLT, n = 60) or control group (CLLLT, n = 60). Patients from both groups will be treated three times per week for four weeks, totaling twelve sessions. However, only the LLLT group will receive an energy dose of 6 J per tender point. A standardized 50-minute exercise program will be performed after the laser application. The patients will be evaluated regarding the primary outcome (pain) using the following instruments: visual analog scale, McGill Pain Questionnaire and pressure algometry. The secondary outcome (quality of life and sleep) will be assessed with the following instruments: Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Berlin Questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and polysomnography. ANOVA test with repeated measurements for the time factor will be performed to test between-groups differences (followed by the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test), and a paired t test will be performed to test within-group differences. The level of significance for the statistical analysis will be set at 5% (P ≤0.05). TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol for this study is registered with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials – ReBEC (RBR-42gkzt

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and immunostimulant properties of saline extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz (Fabaceae) leaves

281-289Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz is a species that originates in India and Central America and is widely distributed in the world. This plant presents important biological properties, due to the presence of some secondary medicinal metabolites, such as tannins, glycosides, flavonoids and diterpenes. In folk medicine, C. pulcherrima is used in different diseases as bronchitis, asthma, infections, wounds and eye irritations. The aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical screening and evaluate which biological properties the saline extract of leaves from C. pulcherrima have against microorganisms and animal cells. Results showed that 15 majority compounds could be found in saline extract distributed among phenol, coumarin and quercetin groups.Saline extract of leaves from C. pulcherrima also showed good results in antioxidant test and showed significant antifungal property against Candida strains. Moreover, the saline extract did not showed cytotoxicity against mice splenocytes and promoted proliferation in these cells. These results may be predictive for future studies using the saline extract from C. pulcherrima leaves as cell stimulant agent in a pharmaceutical phytotherapic formulation used in cicatricial and in vitro immunostimulant assays