Caracterización del complejo lacustre glaciar de alta montaña de sierra segundera (NO de Zamora)

The study of high mountain wetlands is of great interest in the Iberian Peninsula since they are unique elements inherited from the last glaciation, and they also have very relevant biocenosis in biogeography and conservation due to their isolation, specificity and singularity. In this work, we describe in detail the distribution, morphogenesis and lake typologies present in the Sierra Segundera glacier complex, located mainly at the headwaters of the Tera River (NW of Zamora), upstream of Lake Sanabria. There are 340 aquatic elements catalogued in a drainage network of 258 km over an area of more than 10,600 ha, which drains an annual average of more than 120 hm3 of water. Hydrographic and bathymetric data are included for the 19 largest natural lakes and bogs; located at an altitude of more than 1500 msm. They are inhabited by exceptional biological communities, both micro and macroscopic. Inventories oscillated between 61 and 461 flora and fauna taxa, considered in a wide definition; a minimum of 67% were primary producers. They sketch the global and local pressures in their respective catchments, which in some way compromise their future ecological status within the Natura2000 network, and describe the possible past and current impacts that will negatively affect.El estudio de humedales de alta montaña presenta un gran interés en la Península Ibérica ya que son elementos singulares herencia de la última glaciación, y además albergan biocenosis muy relevantes en biogeografía y conservación por su aislamiento y singularidad. En este trabajo se desarrolla en detalle la distribución, morfogénesis y tipologías lacustres presentes en el complejo glaciar de Sierra Segundera, situado mayoritariamente en la cabecera del río Tera (NO de Zamora), aguas arriba del lago de Sanabria. Se han catalogado 340 elementos acuáticos en una red de drenaje de 258 km sobre una superficie superior a 10.600 ha, que drena un promedio anual de agua superior a 120 hm3. Se incluyen datos hidrográficos y batimétricos de las 19 lagunas y turberas naturales de mayor tamaño, situadas a una altitud superior a 1500 msnm. En ellas habitan singulares comunidades biológicas, micro y macroscópicas. Los inventarios oscilaron entre 61 y 461 taxones de flora y fauna, considerados en sentido amplio; siendo un mínimo de 67% productores primarios. Se esbozan las presiones globales y locales en sus respectivas cuencas, que de alguna manera comprometen en el futuro su estado de conservación dentro de la red Natura2000, y se describen los posibles impactos pasados y actuales que les afectan negativamente

Ecuaciones diferenciales y en diferencias aplicadas a los conceptos económicos y financieros

This paper deals with the use of differential equations and finite difference methods for solving several problems in the field of Economics and Business Administration. Economics usually needs to study the evolution of the values which are taken by a given variable in different moments. If the time variable works in a continuous way, its evolution is studied by differential equations. Otherwise, time is a discrete variable and finite difference methods must be used. In addition, to expound the evolution of the notions of differential and difference equations, the goal of this paper is to show a general view (but not comprehensive) of their many applications for explaining economical and financial phenomena

First isolation and characterization of Chryseobacterium shigense from rainbow trout

BACKGROUND There have been an increasing number of infections in fish associated with different species of Chryseobacterium, being considered potentially emerging pathogens. Nevertheless the knowledge of the diversity of species associated with fish disease is partial due to the problems for a correct identification at the species level based exclusively on phenotypic laboratory methods. RESULTS Chryseobacterium shigense was isolated from the liver, kidney and gills of diseased rainbow trout in different disease episodes that occurred in a fish farm between May 2008 and June 2009. Identity of the isolates was confirmed by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic characterization. Isolates represented a single strain as determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. CONCLUSIONS This is the first description of the recovery of C. shigense from clinical specimens in trout, a very different habitat to fresh lactic acid beverage where it was initially isolated

ABI: Una aplicación móvil para consultar y reportar medidas de bioseguridad por COVID-19 en Panamá

The emergence of the current COVID-19 Pandemic; due to the spread of the virus SARS-CoV-2, has led most countries throughout the world, including Panama, to establish mandatory biosecurity approaches to reduce the number of infections from this virus. In our country, the reopening of establishments, businesses, recreational areas, and other places with massive attendance and the continuance of their operations are directly conditioned to the fulfillment of the mandatory biosecurity guidelines established previously by health authorities and the national government. However, for the citizens, it is difficult to know whether these establishments are following the biosecurity guidelines and to determine if it is safe to attend these places. For these reasons, throughout this paper, we proposed the development of ABI, a mobile application that will let users check and report in real-time how different establishments are following biosecurity measures. Hence, with the diffusion of valuable information to citizens, the level of trust will increase when they decide to leave their households. Furthermore, the user-centered design framework was used to develop the prototype of the application. During the validation phase, it was determined that the application would contribute to increasing the amount of trust of the users when leaving their houses. Moreover, an important level of satisfaction from the prototype was expressed by the users, this indicates that the application is efficient, easy to use, and that they will recommend it to others. For these reasons, we can infer that the application would have an important level of acceptance within the Panamanian population.A raíz de la pandemia actual por Covid-19, generada por el virus SARS-CoV-2, la mayoría de los países del mundo, incluyendo a Panamá, han implementado diferentes medidas de bioseguridad como estrategia para disminuir la tasa de contagios por este virus. En nuestro país, la reapertura de los diferentes comercios, empresas, sitios de recreación y demás lugares de asistencia colectiva, y su continuo funcionamiento, están directamente condicionados al cumplimiento de las medidas de bioseguridad establecidas como obligatorias por parte de las autoridades de salud y el gobierno nacional. Sin embargo, para la población en general resulta difícil conocer de manera directa y específica si estos lugares están cumpliendo con las medidas y poder determinar si es seguro asistir a ellos. Por tal motivo, a través de este trabajo proponemos el desarrollo de ABI, una aplicación móvil que permite consultar y reportar, en tiempo real, el grado de cumplimiento de las diferentes medidas de bioseguridad en el país, aportando así con la difusión de información importante para la población. Se emplea la metodología de diseño centrado en el usuario para el desarrollo del prototipo de la aplicación. Durante la validación se determina que la aplicación contribuiría en aumentar el nivel de confianza de los usuarios para salir de sus hogares en pandemia; también se obtiene un nivel de satisfacción alto en el uso del prototipo por parte de los usuarios quienes indican que es eficaz, fácil de usar y que la recomendarían a otras personas, lo que nos lleva a concluir que la aplicación tendría un alto nivel de aceptación en la población en general

Lethal and Sublethal Effects on Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an Ectoparasitoid of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae), of Three Insecticides Used on Solanaceous Crops

Lethal and sublethal effects of refined soybean oil, imidacloprid, and abamectin on Tamarixia triozae (Burks;Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were assessed after exposure of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of this parasitoid to three concentrations of these active substances: the LC50 for fourth-instar Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.; Hemiptera: Triozidae)and 50% and 100% of the minimum field-registered concentration (MiFRC). Soybean oil caused 26?61% mortality in T. triozae eggs and 6?19% in larvae; mortality in both eggs and larvae was ≤19% for imidacloprid and 4?100% for abamectin. All three compounds caused <18% mortality of T. triozae pupae, with the exception of the abamectin 50% (47%) and 100% (72%) MiFRC. The mortality of larvae and pupae derived from treated eggs was ≤39% for all three insecticides, and that of pupae derived from treated larvae was ≤10%. In general, emergence of adults developed from treated eggs, larvae, and pupae was affected more by abamectin than by the other treatments. The proportion of females derived from all three development stages was not affected by treatment with the compounds, except when the parasitoid was treated as larvae with the soybean oil 100 and 50% MiFRC (66 and 68%, respectively) or when treated as pupae with the imidacloprid LC50 and 100% MiFRC (~60%). Female longevity was generally higher than that of males. The use of imidacloprid, soybean oil, and abamectin in combination with T. triozae for pest control may be effective when the parasitoid is in the pupal stage because this stage is less susceptible than other immature stages.Fil: Morales Sinue I. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Martinez, Ana Mabel. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Viñuela, Elisa. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos de Madrid; EspañaFil: Chavarrieta, Juan M. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; MéxicoFil: Figueroa, Jorge Isaac. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales; MéxicoFil: Schneider, Marcela Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Tamayo, Fernando. Centro de Sanidad Vegetal de Guanajuato; MéxicoFil: Pineda, Samuel. Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestale; Méxic

Lethal and Sublethal Effects on Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an Ectoparasitoid of <i>Bactericera cockerelli</i> (Hemiptera: Triozidae), of Three Insecticides Used on Solanaceous Crops

Lethal and sublethal effects of refined soybean oil, imidacloprid, and abamectin on Tamarixia triozae (Burks; Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were assessed after exposure of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of this parasitoid to three concentrations of these active substances: the LC50 for fourth-instar Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.; Hemiptera: Triozidae)and 50% and 100% of the minimum field-registered concentration (MiFRC). Soybean oil caused 26-61% mortality in T. triozae eggs and 6-19% in larvae; mortality in both eggs and larvae was ≤19% for imidacloprid and 4-100% for abamectin. All three compounds caused T. triozae pupae, with the exception of the abamectin 50% (47%) and 100% (72%) MiFRC. The mortality of larvae and pupae derived from treated eggs was ≤39% for all three insecticides, and that of pupae derived from treated larvae was ≤10%. In general, emergence of adults developed from treated eggs, larvae, and pupae was affected more by abamectin than by the other treatments. The proportion of females derived from all three development stages was not affected by treatment with the compounds, except when the parasitoid was treated as larvae with the soybean oil 100 and 50% MiFRC (66 and 68%, respectively) or when treated as pupae with the imidacloprid LC50 and 100% MiFRC (~60%). Female longevity was generally higher than that of males. The use of imidacloprid, soybean oil, and abamectin in combination with T. triozae for pest control may be effective when the parasitoid is in the pupal stage because this stage is less susceptible than other immature stages.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Lethal and Sublethal Effects on Tamarixia triozae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an Ectoparasitoid of <i>Bactericera cockerelli</i> (Hemiptera: Triozidae), of Three Insecticides Used on Solanaceous Crops

Lethal and sublethal effects of refined soybean oil, imidacloprid, and abamectin on Tamarixia triozae (Burks; Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were assessed after exposure of the eggs, larvae, and pupae of this parasitoid to three concentrations of these active substances: the LC50 for fourth-instar Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc.; Hemiptera: Triozidae)and 50% and 100% of the minimum field-registered concentration (MiFRC). Soybean oil caused 26-61% mortality in T. triozae eggs and 6-19% in larvae; mortality in both eggs and larvae was ≤19% for imidacloprid and 4-100% for abamectin. All three compounds caused T. triozae pupae, with the exception of the abamectin 50% (47%) and 100% (72%) MiFRC. The mortality of larvae and pupae derived from treated eggs was ≤39% for all three insecticides, and that of pupae derived from treated larvae was ≤10%. In general, emergence of adults developed from treated eggs, larvae, and pupae was affected more by abamectin than by the other treatments. The proportion of females derived from all three development stages was not affected by treatment with the compounds, except when the parasitoid was treated as larvae with the soybean oil 100 and 50% MiFRC (66 and 68%, respectively) or when treated as pupae with the imidacloprid LC50 and 100% MiFRC (~60%). Female longevity was generally higher than that of males. The use of imidacloprid, soybean oil, and abamectin in combination with T. triozae for pest control may be effective when the parasitoid is in the pupal stage because this stage is less susceptible than other immature stages.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Tuning surface interactions on MgFe2O4 nanoparticles to induce interfacial hyperactivation in Candida rugosa lipase immobilization

Lipase adsorption on solid supports can be mediated by a precise balance of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. A suitable fine-tuning could allow the immobilized enzyme to display high catalytic activity. The objective of this work was to investigate how pH and ionic strength fluctuations affected protein-support interactions during immobilization via physical adsorption of a Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) on MgFe2O5. The highest amount of immobilized protein (IP) was measured at pH 4, and an ionic strength of 90 mM. However, these immobilization conditions did not register the highest hydrolytic activity (HA) in the biocatalyst (CRLa@MgFe2O4), finding the best values also at acidic pH but with a slight shift towards higher values of ionic strength around 110 mM. These findings were confirmed when the adsorption isotherms were examined under different immobilization conditions so that the maximum measurements of IP did not coincide with that of HA. Furthermore, when the recovered activity was examined, a strong interfacial hyperactivation of the lipase was detected towards acidic pH and highly charged surrounding environments. Spectroscopic studies, as well as in silico molecular docking analyses, revealed a considerable involvement of surface hydrophobic protein-carrier interactions, with aromatic aminoacids, especially phenylalanine residues, playing an important role. In light of these findings, this study significantly contributes to the body of knowledge and a better understanding of the factors that influence the lipase immobilization process on magnetic inorganic oxide nanoparticle surfaces.Fil: Morales, Andrés Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Hero, Johan Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Ana Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, María C.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorganica. Cátedra de Química Inorganica; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, María I.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorganica. Cátedra de Química Inorganica; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Cintia Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentin