PERFIL DO IDOSO COM INSUFICIÊNCIA CARDÍACA INTERNADO EM UM HOSPITAL DE URGÊNCIA

Objetivou-se analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico do idoso com insuficiência cardíaca em um hospital de urgência. Estudo descritivo, quantitativo com amostra por conveniência composta de 83 idosos internados em um hospital de referência em urgência no período de setembro a novembro de 2015. Os resultados mostraram um perfil epidemiológico representado em sua maioria por homens, na faixa etária de 60 a 79 anos, casados, analfabetos, com renda mensal de um a dois salários mínimos. Quanto à etiologia, o tipo hipertensivo apresentou-se como a principal causa, com frequência maior na faixa etária de 60 a 79 anos. Do total de idosos, 54 (65,1%) usam de três a cinco medicamentos diariamente. Entre as doenças crônicas associadas, a hipertensão arterial encontrou-se presente em80 (96,4%) pacientes, seguindo-se da diabetes, diagnosticada em 35 (42,2%) idosos. Constatou-se vulnerabilidade da população em estudo aos fatores de risco cardiovascular, com predomínio da hipertensão arterial e diabetes.The aim of this study was to analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of elderly people with heart failure in an emergency hospital. This is a descriptive, quantitative study with a convenience sample of 83 elderly people hospitalized in an emergency reference hospital from September to November, 2015. The results showed an epidemiological profile represented mostly by men aged 60 to 79 years, who were married, illiterate, with monthly income of one to two minimum wages. Regarding etiology, the hypertensive type was found as the main cause, with greater frequency in the age group of 60 to 79 years. Of the total, 54 elderly people (65.1%) used three to five medications daily. Among the associated chronic diseases, arterial hypertension was present in 80 (96.4%) patients, followed by diabetes, diagnosed in 35 (42.2%) of the elderly. The study population was vulnerable to cardiovascular risk factors, with a predominance of arterial hypertension and diabetes.Se objetivó analizar perfil sociodemográfico y clínico del anciano con insuficiencia cardíaca en hospital de urgencia. Estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, con muestra por conveniencia constituida por 83 ancianos internados en hospital de urgencia de referencia, de setiembre a noviembre de 2015. Los resultados mostraron un perfil epidemiológicamente representado en mayoría por hombres, faja etaria de 60 a 79 años, casados, analfabetos, con ingresos mensuales de uno a dos salarios mínimos. Respecto a la etiología, el tipo hipertensivo se presentó como principal causa, con frecuencia mayor en la faja etaria de 60 a 79 años. Del total de ancianos, 54 (65,1%) utilizan de tres a cinco medicamentos diarios. Entre las enfermedades crónicas asociadas, la hipertensión arterial, se encontró presente en 80 pacientes (96,4%), seguida de diabetes, diagnosticada en 35 ancianos (42,2%). Se constató vulnerabilidad de la población en estudio a los factores de riesgo cardiovascular, con predominio de hipertensión arterial y diabetes

Remoção da citotoxicidade no ensaio de atividade estrogênica (YES) para amostras de sedimento lagunar: Métodos de extração e efeito matriz

A poluição de sistemas aquáticos com contaminantes emergentes é uma crescente preocupação. Dentre estes, os desreguladores endócrinos (DE) são substâncias que podem alterar o sistema endócrino de seres vivos até em baixas concentrações. Suas características físico-químicas indicam afinidade com matéria orgânica, sendo relevante o estudo de sedimentos. A atividade estrogênica pode ser avaliada pelo ensaio in vitro YES, porém matrizes ambientais complexas podem apresentar citotoxicidade e interferir no resultado do ensaio. Este estudo objetivou avaliar métodos de preparo de amostras de sedimento utilizando extração em fase sólida para remoção de compostos citotóxicos no ensaio in vitro YES. O uso isolado de EDTA para remoção de metais não foi eficiente para reduzir a citotoxicidade, enquanto a remoção foi completa com o cartucho SAX. Conclui-se que o uso combinado de cartuchos foi a técnica mais viável para a avaliação da atividade estrogênica de amostras de sedimento com ensaio YES

High levels of immunosuppression are related to unfavourable outcomes in hospitalised patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 : first results of ReumaCoV Brasil registry

Objectives To evaluate risk factors associated with unfavourable outcomes: emergency care, hospitalisation, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation and death in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic disease (IMRD) and COVID-19. Methods Analysis of the first 8 weeks of observational multicentre prospective cohort study (ReumaCoV Brasil register). Patients with IMRD and COVID-19 according to the Ministry of Health criteria were classified as eligible for the study. Results 334 participants were enrolled, a majority of them women, with a median age of 45 years; systemic lupus erythematosus (32.9%) was the most frequent IMRD. Emergency care was required in 160 patients, 33.0% were hospitalised, 15.0% were admitted to the ICU and 10.5% underwent mechanical ventilation; 28 patients (8.4%) died. In the multivariate adjustment model for emergency care, diabetes (prevalence ratio, PR 1.38; 95% CI 1.11 to 1.73; p=0.004), kidney disease (PR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.77; p=0.020), oral glucocorticoids (GC) (PR 1.49; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.85; p50 years (PR 1.89; 95% CI 1.26 to 2.85; p=0.002), no use of tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) (PR 2.51;95% CI 1.16 to 5.45; p=0.004) and methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PR 2.50; 95% CI 1.59 to 3.92; p<0.001); for ICU admission, oral GC (PR 2.24; 95% CI 1.36 to 3.71; p<0.001) and pulse therapy with methylprednisolone (PR 1.65; 95% CI 1.00 to 2.68; p<0.043); the two variables associated with death were pulse therapy with methylprednisolone or cyclophosphamide (PR 2.86; 95% CI 1.59 to 5.14; p<0.018). Conclusions Age >50 years and immunosuppression with GC and cyclophosphamide were associated with unfavourable outcomes of COVID-19. Treatment with TNFi may have been protective, perhaps leading to the COVID-19 inflammatory process

Zika Brazilian Cohorts (ZBC) Consortium: Protocol for an Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Congenital Zika Syndrome after Maternal Exposure during Pregnancy.

Despite great advances in our knowledge of the consequences of Zika virus to human health, many questions remain unanswered, and results are often inconsistent. The small sample size of individual studies has limited inference about the spectrum of congenital Zika manifestations and the prognosis of affected children. The Brazilian Zika Cohorts Consortium addresses these limitations by bringing together and harmonizing epidemiological data from a series of prospective cohort studies of pregnant women with rash and of children with microcephaly and/or other manifestations of congenital Zika. The objective is to estimate the absolute risk of congenital Zika manifestations and to characterize the full spectrum and natural history of the manifestations of congenital Zika in children with and without microcephaly. This protocol describes the assembly of the Consortium and protocol for the Individual Participant Data Meta-analyses (IPD Meta-analyses). The findings will address knowledge gaps and inform public policies related to Zika virus. The large harmonized dataset and joint analyses will facilitate more precise estimates of the absolute risk of congenital Zika manifestations among Zika virus-infected pregnancies and more complete descriptions of its full spectrum, including rare manifestations. It will enable sensitivity analyses using different definitions of exposure and outcomes, and the investigation of the sources of heterogeneity between studies and regions

Determinação de atividade estrogênica e detecção de micropoluentes em sedimentos de fundo na Baía de Guanabara

A Baía de Guanabara é um dos ambientes mais poluídos do litoral brasileiro recebendo grandes quantidades de efluentes sanitários, resíduos industriais, urbanos e agrícolas, fármacos, entre outros. A presença de poluentes em corpos hídricos se agrava por questões de saneamento e ineficiência dos processos de tratamentos convencionais das estações de tratamento de água (ETA) e de esgoto (ETE). A necessidade de quantificar, detectar e entender a ação de micropoluentes mesmo em baixas concentrações é na atualidade uma preocupação da comunidade científica à nível mundial. Entre os riscos da presença de compostos desreguladores endócrinos para humanos estão: ovários policísticos, infertilidade e vários tipos de cânceres entre outros. Em animais: masculinização, feminilização, condição de intersex, diminuição na eclosão de ovos e em alguns casos até a extinção da espécie. Logo, o desenvolvimento de metodologias e ensaios que avaliam os riscos ambientais acerca dos DEs é um desafio permanente. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em investigar a presença de desreguladores endócrinos nos sedimentos de fundo da Baía Guanabara. Foram realizados ensaios in vitro Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES); cromatografia por CLAE/FLU; cromatografia GC/MS e ensaios de toxicidade aguda com a bactéria Aliivibrio fischeri. A bactéria Aliivibrio fischeri o CE50 entre 0% a 45,21%, com classificação tóxica. No ensaio YES a maioria das amostras apresentaram citotoxidade entre 2% e 95%. Os valores de EQE2 quantificados nas amostras mais diluídas foi de 3,125% a 1,56%. Foram identificados os fármacos (naproxeno, ibuprofeno, genfibrozila e diclofenaco); os hormônios naturais e sintéticos estriol (E3), 17β-estradiol (E2), estrona (E1) e o 17α-etinilestradiol (EE2); entre os fenóis (bisfenol A, 4- nonilfenol e 4-octilfenol). Nas amostras da Baía de Guanabara, Jurujuba e nas praias Adão e Eva, as concentrações dos fármacos foi entre 0.04 ng/g e 22.80ng/g. Os resultados obtidos apontam para uma concentração significativa de micropoluentes e para a importância de maior monitoramento dos sedimentos nas áreas estudadas.CAPESThe Guanabara Bay is one of the most polluted environments in the Brazilian coast, receiving large amounts of sanitary effluents, industrial, urban and agricultural waste, drugs, among others. The presence of pollutants in water bodies is aggravated by sanitation and inefficiency of the conventional treatment processes of water treatment plants (ETA) and sewage (ETE). The need to quantify, detect and understand the action of micropollutants even at low concentrations is currently a concern of the scientific community worldwide. Among the risks of the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds for humans are: polycystic ovaries, infertility and various types of cancers among others. In animals: masculinization, feminization, intersex condition, decrease in egg hatching and in some cases until extinction of the species. Therefore, the development of methodologies and tests that assess environmental risks related to DE is a permanent challenge. The objective of this work was to investigate the presence of endocrine disrupters in the bottom sediments of Guanabara Bay. In the methodology were performed in vitro Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES); HPLC / FLU chromatography; GC / MS chromatography and acute toxicity tests with the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri. In the results with the bacterium Aliivibrio fischeri the EC50 was between 6.4% and 45.21%, with toxic classification. In the YES test, most of the samples presented cytotoxicity between 2% and 95%. The quantified EQE2 values in the most diluted samples were 3.125% to 1.56%. Drugs were identified (naproxen, ibuprofen, genfibrozil and diclofenac); the natural and synthetic hormones estriol (E3), 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone (E1) and 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2); between phenols (bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol and 4-octylphenol). In samples from Guanabara Bay, Jurujuba and on the beaches Adam and Eve, values were between 0.04 ng / g and 22.80ng / g. The results obtained point to a significant concentration of micropollutants and to the importance of greater sediment monitoring in the studied areas9

Aspectos sócio-políticos da implantação da Central de Transplantes do Piauí Aspectos socio-políticos de la implantación de la Central de Trasplantes de Piauí Socio-political aspects of the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí

Estudo qualitativo objetivando compreender os aspectos sócio-políticos que mediaram a implantação da central de transplante do Piauí, identificar os sujeitos sociais envolvidos nessa implantação e analisar a participação da sociedade civil organizada. Fizeram parte do estudo dez sujeitos diretamente relacionados com a implantação da central, sendo delimitados por meio da técnica de "bola-de-neve". Utilizou-se a entrevista semi-estruturada, gravada, transcrita e submetida à análise temática. Concluiu-se que, a implantação da central de transplante no Piauí, foi fruto de um complexo jogo de negociações e interesses entre Estado e sociedade civil organizada, já que não havia um projeto político para ações na área dos transplantes. Esse distanciamento da responsabilidade da Gestão Pública caracteriza a importância que foi dada a essa implantação.El presente documento es un Estudio cualitativo objetivando comprender los aspectos sociopolíticos que mediaron en la implantación de la Central de Trasplante de Piauí, se propone identificar los sujetos sociales involucrados en esa implantación y analizar la participación de la sociedad civil organizada. Hicieron parte del estudio diez sujetos directamente relacionados con la implantación de la central de trasplante, siendo delimitados a través de la técnica de "bola-de-nieve". Se utilizó la entrevista semi-estructurada, grabada, transcrita y sometida al análisis temático. Se concluyó que la implantación de la central de trasplante en Piauí, fue fruto de un complejo juego de negociaciones e intereses entre el Estado y la sociedad civil organizada, ya que no había un proyecto político para acciones en el área de los trasplantes. Ese distanciamiento de la responsabilidad de la Gestión Pública caracteriza la importancia que fue dada a esa implantación.A qualitative study aiming at understanding the socio-political aspects that mediate the implantation of the Transplant Center of Piauí, identify the social topics involved in this implantation and analyze the participation of the organized civil society. Ten people directly related to the implantation of the transplant center were involved in the study, selected through the "snowball" technique. A loosely structured interview, taped, transcribed and submitted for thematic analysis was used. It was concluded that the implantation of the transplant center in Piauí was the fruit of a complex series of negotiations and interests among the State and organized civil society, as there was no political project for action in the area of transplants. This distancing from the responsibility of the public sector characterizes the importance that was given to this implantation

Atividades ludicas e digitais na superação da defasagem de aprendizagem – PIBID matemática - Ilha Solteira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Rare earth elements as sediment contamination tracers in a coastal lagoon in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the environmental quality of Padre Lagoon, an urban coastal lagoon in Southeastern Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, employing rare earth elements (REEs) as tracers. Aim: The present study aimed to quantify REEs contents from Padre Lagoon to better ascertain the antropogenic environmental impact Methods: Surface sediments and one sediment core were investigated using a mass spectrometer. 14C radiocarbon dating was performed in the sediment core. Particle size analysis were made in the sediment core and the surface sediments. The Igeo index was used to isolates anthropogenic pollution. All statistical analyses were performed using the R program. Results: Sediments varied between coarse sand at different amounts. All analyzed samples contained detectable REEs, with a higher accumulation observed at the sediment core from 60 cm depth below the surface (roughly 320 cal yr BP) and, more significantly, in the upper 10 cm depth. The geoaccumulation index determined in both in the sediment core and in the surface samples indicated the presence of anthropogenic activity in the studied area. The statistical analysis showed a integration between rare earth elements and sandy mud lithology. Conclusion: The determined elements presented Igeo values indicative of slight environmental contamination. No industrial development complex is present in the study area, indicating that the main REE source to this environment may be industries located in the city of Rio de Janeiro through intensified atmospheric transport, carrying particles over long distances, potentially leading to significant biota and human health impacts in coastal environments

Estrogenic Activity and Endocrine Disruptor Compounds Determined in Guanabara Bay (Brazil) by Yeast Estrogen Screen Assays and Chemical Analyses

Studies assessing the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in marine environments have increased in the last decades. In Brazil, the combination of poor sanitation conditions and low investment in sewage treatment plants leads to significant contamination of receiving waters. The risks of these micropollutants in the aquatic biota include biochemical and histopathological alterations of the liver, gonads, and kidneys, as well as, reproductive process and development modifications, and behavioral changes, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the surface and deep waters of Guanabara Bay, southeastern Brazil, regarding the presence of estrogenic substances. Acute toxicity assays were also conducted employing Vibrio fischeri. The estrogenic activity of the water samples was determined by Yeast Estrogen Screen assay and the quantification of the Bisphenol A, estriol, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinylestradiol by high-performance liquid chromatography, using fluorescence and diode array detectors. Estrogenic activity ranged from 9 to 77 ng L-1 of estradiol equivalents. The highest micropollutants concentrations were detected for bisphenol A (298.5 and 465.5 ng L-1), followed by 17α-ethinylestradiol (248 and 256.9 ng L-1), estriol (70.7 and 179.6 ng L-1), and 17β-estradiol (167 and 174.8 ng L-1) for surface and deep waters, respectively. The findings indicate significant risks for the Guanabara Bay ecosystem. No acute toxicity effects were observed in the V. fisheri assay. These data reflect the current environmental degradation situation of the bay’s waters and highlight the need for the systematic monitoring of this important estuary.