Universal design approach to analysis of physical environment for users with multiple sclerosis

The concept of Universal Design aims for the utilization of every product and environment for every individual without the need for further adaptation. The frequent occurrence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in societies has necessitated a more innovative and exploratory approach to the field of design. Many of the products and built environments encountered by individuals with MS in their daily lives fall short in terms of meeting safety and accessibility needs. It is essential to establish the correct design approach so that users with MS can meet their needs easily and safely without depending on others. In this research, the problems encountered by users with MS in their residences were evaluated within the framework of Universal Design principles, and design recommendations were stated using a sample case in Turkey. Throughout the study, accessibility challenges, mobility, fatigue and balance problems, vision and lighting conditions, climatization and noise sensitivity, and psychological issues were primarily considered. The residence of the sample user with MS was examined in detail, and an in-depth interview was conducted during the research. The difficulties and life routines of the user with MS were observed and identified. Home design solutions associated with Universal Design principles were represented so that the users with MS have safe and accessible housing regarding their physiological and psychological conditions. The highlighted proposals may contribute to architectural design to make modifications for comfortable and safe housing in related cases having similar symptoms with MS. Future research can benefit from these findings and proposals to provide innovative approaches, develop policies, and conduct interdisciplinary studies on related design issues.Peer Reviewe

Masculinity as a construction process: the case of Yozgat

Türkiye alan yazınına baktığımızda, erkeklik çalışmaları ve erkeklik incelemeleri, hakkında konuşulan ama akademik olarak hakkında çok fazla çalışma yapılmamış konular olarak karşımıza çıkar. Uluslararası alan yazında erkeklik çalışmaları 1970’li yıllarda tartışılmaya başlansa da Türkiye’de üzerine çalışmalar yapılması 2000’li yılları bulmaktadır. İlgili literatürü incelediğimizde, toplum içerisinde değişen söylemlere göre şekillenen farklı erkeklik kültürleri olduğu görülür. Bu minvalde, erkeklikten değil erkekliklerden bahsedilir. Toplumların farklı sosyoekonomik ve kültürel yapılarına göre farklı erkeklikler ortaya çıkar. Aynı toplum içinde bile bölgelerin farklı kültürel yapılarına göre farklı erkeklik modellerinden bahsedilebilir. Buna rağmen aynı toplum içerisinde diğer erkekliklerin kendini ona göre kurguladığı hegemonik erkeklik unsurlarından söz edilebilir. Türkiye’deki erkeklik incelendiğinde geleneksel bir hegemonik erkeklik algısı olmasına rağmen “Trabzon erkekliği, İstanbul erkekliği vb.” gibi farklı erkeklik söylemleri karşımıza çıkar. Bu anlamda bu çalışmada Yozgat’ta erkeklik incelemesi yapılmıştır. Yozgat’ta yaşayan 20- 65 yaş arası 25 erkekle ile yapılandırılmış açık uçlu görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bu görüşmeler sonucunda Yozgat’ta erkeklik kültürel unsurlar taşısa da Türkiye’de var olan hegemonik erkeklik anlayışını sünnet, askerlik, iş bulma ve evlilik pratikleri üzerinden yeniden üretmektedir.In Turkey, masculinity studies and masculinity reviews left barely studied in the academic literature although have been frequently talked about. Discussions on masculinity studies commenced in 1970s in the international literature but it was not until 2000s that the topic became a research subject in Turkey. Examination of the relevant literature reveals the existence of different masculinity cultures which take shape depending on the discourses within the society. In this regard, it is masculinities not the masculinity that has been addressed. Different forms of masculinities emerge from different socioeconomic and cultural structures of societies. Even within the same society, cultural structures that vary by region result in different models of masculinity. Nevertheless, there are elements of hegemonic masculinity prevalent in each society, based on which other masculinities within the same society are constructed. In Turkey, despite the presence of a traditional perception of hegemonic masculinity, we can still observe different discourses such as Trabzon masculinity, Istanbul masculinity, and so on. This study examines masculinity in Yozgat, in which structured open-ended interviews were made with 25 men aged 20-65 who live in Yozgat. Based on the interviews, it can be said that although masculinity in Yozgat has some cultural elements to it, it reproduces the understanding of hegemonic masculinity through the practices of circumcision, military service, finding a job and marriage

Evaluation of Alveolo-arterial Oxygen Gradient and Mortality in Different Respiratory Support Methods in Severe COVID-19 Patients Followed in the Intensive Care Unit

Objective:Severe pneumonia is an important cause of mortality in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection. This study evaluated pulmonary gas exchange and mortality according to nasal cannula, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive positive pressure ventilation and invasive mechanical ventilation used for treating hypoxemic respiratory failure in severe COVID-19 patients.Materials and Methods:Hundred and forty severe COVID-19 patients who were treated in Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care Unit of Pamukkale University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Arterial blood gas results on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days of admission were recorded.Results:The alveolo-arterial oxygen gradient of the patients receiving oxygen via nasal cannula was significantly lower than the patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation. When the other groups were compared, no significant difference was observed between the alveolo-arterial oxygen gradients of the patients who received high-flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation support. We observed that the mortality of the patients who were admitted as intubated was significantly higher than the other groups.Conclusion:Invasive and non-invasive oxygen support resulted in similar alveolo-arterial oxygen gradients in severe COVID-19 patients at admission and at 3-week follow-up, but mortality was higher in intubated patients

Eating patterns of Turkish adolescents: a cross-sectional survey

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adolescence is a crucial period for development of dietary behaviors that continue into adulthood and influence the risk of chronic diseases later in life. The aim of this study was to determine the eating patterns of adolescents' and their compliance with the Food Guide Pyramid.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>625 students, aged between 11-15 years, from an elementary school in Istanbul, Turkey were enrolled in this cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire of eating patterns (QEP) was administered to all participants. QEP is consisted of questions assessing the knowledge and behaviors on healthy eating, factors affecting food choice, physical activity status and demographical variables. Height and weight of all participants were measured. Physical activity status was determined by questioning about participation in regular sport activities, how much time spent watching TV, playing computer games or doing homework.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of the participants was 12.15 ± 1.15 and 50.5% were female. According to body mass index (BMI) percentiles, 8.3% (52) were obese and 10.2% were overweight. 51% had breakfast every day and only 1.9% met all the recommendations of the Food Guide Pyramid. Among the participants, 31% have fast food at least once every day and 60.8% skip meals. When participants were asked to rate the factors effecting their food choice according to a 10 point Likert scale, the highest mean scores (high impact on food choice) were for the factors; family, health, body perception, teachers and friends; 7.5 ± 3.1, 7.4 ± 3.1, 6.1 ± 3.2, 4.8 ± 3.3 and 4.2 ± 3.0 respectively. Total mean time spent on all passive activities (TV, computer, reading homework etc) per day was 9.8 ± 4.7 hours.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>In this study we have demonstrated that, adolescents do not have healthy eating patterns. Educational interventions should be planned to decrease the health risks attributable to their eating behaviors.</p

Characteristics of food allergy in children: National multicenter study

Conference: Congress of the European-Academy-of-Allergy-and-Clinical-Immunology (EAACI) Location: Lisbon, PORTUGAL Date: JUN 01-05, 2019Background : Food allergies impose a significant burden on the life of the child and the family. In this study, to determine the demographic characteristics of food allergies, we investigated the characteristics of patients with food allergies in different regions of Pediatric Allergy- Immunology departments in Turkey. Method : Turkey ' s National Study of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Society has conducted a Study Group on Food Allergies. 25 centers participated in this multicenter, cross- sectional and descriptive study.European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunolog

Parkinson hastaları için ev egzersiz programı

Bu kitapçıkta gösterilen gösterilen egzersizler, Parkinsonlu hastalarla ilgili randomize bir çalışmada kullandığımız ev programını oluşturan egzersizlerdir. Çalışmamızda ev egzersizi programını uygulayan hastalarımızda olumlu değişiklikler gözlemledik ve hastalarımızın bu egzersizlerde çok yararlandığını gördük. Gerek bu alanda çalışan fizyoterapistlerden gerekse hastalardan gelen yoğun talep üzerine çalışmamızda kullandığımız ev egzersiz programını basılı bir kitapçık haline getirmeyi düşündük.İçindekiler 1. Yatağa yatma egzersizleri 2. Yataktan kalkma egzersizleri 3. Gevşeme egzersizleri 4. Solunum egzersizleri 5. Göğüs kafesini hareketlendirerek soluk almayı kolaylaştırıcı egzersizler 6. Germe egzersizleri 7. Vücudun hareket yeteğeni geliştirmeye yönelik hareketler 8. Bedenin eğilme, gerilme ve dönme hareketleri ile bacakların hareketlerini artırıcı egzersizler 9. Ayağa kalkmayı kolaylaştırıcı egzersizler 10. Sandalyeye oturma 11. Ayakta yapılacak egzersizler 12. Yürüme egzersizleri 13. El egzersizleri 14. Nefes almayı kolaylaştırıcı ve Yüz kasları egzersizler

Clinicopathologic characteristics of BRAF V600K mutant malignant melanoma

Background &amp; objectives: BRAF V600K mutation, the second mostcommon mutation in malignant melanoma with a rate of 10-30%, isrelated to worse response to treatment and adverse prognosis. However,data for comparing V600K/V600E groups for the histopathologic andprognostic features are limited.Methods: A total of 23 malignant melanoma cases with BRAFV600E or BRAF V600K mutations detected by pyrosequencingin our department were retrospectively analysed. The associationsbetween the type of BRAF mutations and histopathologic, clinicaland prognostic characteristics were statistically investigated.Results: Of the 23 cases, 7 (30.4%) had V600K and 16 (69.6%)had V600E mutation. Although there was no statistical significancebetween two groups, most of the cases with V600K mutation weremale (85.7%). In BRAF V600K mutant cases, histologic type wasmostly superficial spreading melanoma (85.7%), tumour localizationwas mostly head and neck (57.1%); ulceration and regressionwere slightly higher. In BRAF V600E mutant group, the numberof mitosis (&gt;10/HPF) was higher (81.3%). V600E mutant groupwas generally more advanced (pT4) at the time of diagnosis (75%).In survival analysis, the estimated survival time was shorter inpatients with V600K mutation than those with V600E mutation(17.9 vs 33.2 months).Conclusion: Although it’s a preliminary study and no statisticalsignificance was detected due to the low number of cases, ourresults emphasize that overall survival time is almost half asshort in V600K mutant cases than those with V600E mutation.Considering the prognostic differences, since the double nucleotidechange seen in the V600K mutation(GTG to AAG) includes thesingle nucleotide change seen in the V600E mutation(GTG toGAG), it’s important to be careful in the evaluation to distinguishthese two mutations.</p