865 research outputs found
High-probability tasks and task completion rates of students with emotional and behavioral disorders.
This dissertation is an investigation into the effects of high-probability tasks on the task completion rates of three students diagnosed with an emotional and behavioral disorder. It begins with a close look into best practices verses common practices, examines students supports currently available in schools, and highlights gaps present in todayâs educational system for students who exhibit significant challenging behaviors. The dissertation reviews literature available on the topic of high-probability tasks as a logical solution to combating gaps in behavior support and describes methodology used to investigate the strategy and its effects. It closes by presenting data, conclusions, implications, and gaps. The dissertation is divided into five chapters which explore current practices, gaps, available literature, methodology, data analysis, and conclusions. Chapter one focuses on current practices in schools and the impacts the practices have on the most behaviorally challenged populations. Chapter two explores thirteen studies which previously investigated high-probability tasks. Chapter three explains a methodology used in the current investigation to determine if high-probability tasks are effective at increasing task completion rates of students with emotional behavior disorders, compares two types of high-probability tasks to determine if there are differential task completion rates associated (easy math tasks and preferred conversation questions), and reveals student and teacher perceptions and preferences after participation in the study. Chapter four presents the resulting data for each of the student participants. Chapter five discuses conclusions, implications, and limitations associated with the study
Cytotoxicity of Poly(Phenolic)Sulfonates and Their Sodium Salts in L1210 Lymphoid Leukemia Cells
Poly(phenolic)-sulfonates demonstrated very good cytotoxicity against the growth of tumor cell lines
(L1210, Tmolt-3, HeLa-S3) and are comparable in potency with typical clinically used anticancer drugs.
Four of the most active compounds, i.e. GL-2021, GL-2029, GL-2041 and GL-2063, were selected for a
mode of action study in L1210 lymphoid leukemia cells at concentration of 25ÎŒM to 100ÎŒM for 60 min.
The agents did not alkylate bases of ct-DNA, cause intercalation between base pairs, produce cross linking
of ct-DNA strands or generate free radicals although L1210 DNA fragmentation was observed after 24 hr
incubation. L1210 DNA synthesis was preferentially inhibited which was achieved by (1) suppressing DNA
polymerase α activity which reduced the synthesis of new strands of DNA, (2) reducing of de novo purine
synthesis at the regulatory enzyme PRPP amido transferase which reduced d(GMP) levels, and (3)
inhibiting of nucleoside kinase activities which further reduced DNA synthesis. DNA template activity was
altered by the poly(phenolic)sulfonates since they reduced DNA polymerase α and m-RNA and t-RNA
polymerase activities. The kinetic studies at 50 ÎŒM over 2 hr demonstrated that the agentsâ effect on
PRPP-amido transferase activity is probably a major target of the compounds
Sparrows can't sing : East End kith and kinship in the 1960s
Sparrows Canât Sing (1963) was the only feature film directed by
the late and much lamented Joan Littlewood. Set and filmed in
the East End, where she worked for many years, the film deserves
more attention than it has hitherto received. Littlewoodâs career
spanned documentary (radio recordings made with Ewan MacColl
in the North of England in the 1930s) to directing for the stage
and the running of the Theatre Royal in Londonâs Stratford East,
often selecting material which aroused memories in local audiences
(Leach 2006: 142). Many of the actors trained in her Theatre
Workshop subsequently became better known for their appearances
on film and television. Littlewood herself directed hardly any material
for the screen: Sparrows Canât Sing and a 1964 series of television
commercials for the British Egg Marketing Board, starring Theatre
Workshopâs Avis Bunnage, were rare excursions into an area of practice
which she found constraining and unamenable (Gable 1980: 32).
The hybridity and singularity of Littlewoodâs feature may answer,
in some degree, for its subsequent neglect. However, Sparrows Canât
Sing makes a significant contribution to a group of films made in
Britain in the 1960s which comment generally on changes in the
urban and social fabric. It is especially worthy of consideration,
I shall argue, for the use which Littlewood made of a particular
communityâs attitudes â sentimental and critical â to such changes and
for its amalgamation of an attachment to documentary techniques
(recording an aural landscape on location) with a preference for nonnaturalistic
delivery in performance
Exile Vol. XXXII No. 2
ARTWORK
Manhole by Linda Gates (cover)
Escape by Linda Gates 3
Spring by Aimee Creelman 11
Children on Bridge by Holland Behrens 19
Homestead Instead by Allison Lange 29
Infrared Exploration by Allison Lange 37
Seasons I by Aimee Creelman 47
FICTION
My Mother Wears Yellow on Tuesdays by Joan R. DeWitt 5-10
Tilly by Theresa Copeland 21-28
The Rights of Spring by Leigh Walton 40-46
POETRY
Learning to Knock by Amy Becker 1
Syndrome by Jeff Masten 2
Beauty and the Beasts by Leigh Walton 13
The Sound and the Silence by Teresa Woodward 14-18
The Dark by Amy Becker 31
By the Toussaint River by Debra Benko 32-33
Wish Dolls by Carrie Jordan 34-35
Bob\u27s Mind Wanders in Class by Amy Becker 36
The Woman I Call Mother by Karen J. Hall 39
CONTRIBUTOR NOTES 49
Editors share equally all editorial decisions
In honor of Mr. Paul Bennett, poet and founder of the writing program at Denison, of which EXILE is an expression
Post-subduction tectonics induced by extension from a lithospheric drip
Acknowledgements S.P. acknowledges support from the Natural Environmental Research Council (NERC) Grant NE/R013500/1 and from the European Unionâs Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program under Marie SkĆodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 790203. We thank the TanDEM-X Science Communication Team (German Aerospace Center (DLR) e.V.) for providing TanDEM topographic data. We thank the NERC Geophysical Equipment Facility for loan 1038. Numerical simulations were undertaken on the NCI National Facility in Canberra, Australia, which is supported by the Australian Commonwealth Government. A.G. was funded by an Independent Research Fellowship from the Royal Astronomical Society.Peer reviewedPostprin
Recommended from our members
Trends in the Population Prevalence of People Who Inject Drugs in US Metropolitan Areas 1992â2007
Background:
People who inject drugs (PWID) have increased risk of morbidity and mortality. We update and present estimates and trends of the prevalence of current PWID and PWID subpopulations in 96 US metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) for 1992â2007. Current estimates of PWID and PWID subpopulations will help target services and help to understand long-term health trends among PWID populations.
Methodology:
We calculated the number of PWID in the US annually from 1992â2007 and apportioned estimates to MSAs using multiplier methods. We used four types of data indicating drug injection to allocate national annual totals to MSAs, creating four distinct series of component estimates of PWID in each MSA and year. The four component estimates are averaged to create the best estimate of PWID for each MSA and year. We estimated PWID prevalence rates for three subpopulations defined by gender, age, and race/ethnicity. We evaluated trends using multi-level polynomial models.
Results:
PWID per 10,000 persons aged 15â64 years varied across MSAs from 31 to 345 in 1992 (median 104.4) to 34 to 324 in 2007 (median 91.5). Trend analysis indicates that this rate declined during the early period and then was relatively stable in 2002â2007. Overall prevalence rates for non-Hispanic black PWID increased in 2005 as compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Hispanic prevalence, in contrast, declined across time. Importantly, results show a worrisome trend in young PWID prevalence since HAART was initiated â the mean prevalence was 90 to 100 per 10,000 youth in 1992â1996, but increased to >120 PWID per 10,000 youth in 2006â2007.
Conclusions:
Overall, PWID rates remained constant since 2002, but increased for two subpopulations: non-Hispanic black PWID and young PWID. Estimates of PWID are important for planning and evaluating public health programs to reduce harm among PWID and for understanding related trends in social and health outcomes
Adhesion between oppositely-charged polyelectrolytes
The adhesion between a grafted polyelectrolyte layer (brush) and a gel of an oppositely charged polyelectrolyte has been measured as a function of applied pressure, and the interface has been traced using neutron reflectometry. The interface (in aqueous medium at pH 6) between the (polycationic) brush and the (polyanionic) gel has a limited pressure-dependence, with a small amount of deformation of the interface at the brush-gel contact. Brushes with a dry thickness of up to 13 nm exhibit weak adhesion (measured using a mechanical force tester) with an adhesive failure when the gel is detached. Thicker brushes result in the gel exhibiting cohesive failure. Reversing the geometry, whereby a polycationic brush is replaced with a polyanion and the polyanionic gel is replaced with a polycation reveals that the pH-dependence of the adhesion is moderately symmetric about pH 6, but that the maximum force required to separate the polycation gel from the polyanion brush over the range of pH is greater than that for the polycation brush and polyanion gel. The polyanion used is poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and polycations of poly[2-(diethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEAEMA) and poly[2-(dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) were used
Nitrate removal in stream ecosystems measured by 15N addition experiments: Total uptake
We measured uptake length of 15NO3â in 72 streams in eight regions across the United States and Puerto Rico to develop quantitative predictive models on controls of NO3â uptake length. As part of the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II project, we chose nine streams in each region corresponding to natural (reference), suburban-urban, and agricultural land uses. Study streams spanned a range of human land use to maximize variation in NO3â concentration, geomorphology, and metabolism. We tested a causal model predicting controls on NO3â uptake length using structural equation modeling. The model included concomitant measurements of ecosystem metabolism, hydraulic parameters, and nitrogen concentration. We compared this structural equation model to multiple regression models which included additional biotic, catchment, and riparian variables. The structural equation model explained 79% of the variation in log uptake length (SWtot). Uptake length increased with specific discharge (Q/w) and increasing NO3â concentrations, showing a loss in removal efficiency in streams with high NO3â concentration. Uptake lengths shortened with increasing gross primary production, suggesting autotrophic assimilation dominated NO3â removal. The fraction of catchment area as agriculture and suburban-urban land use weakly predicted NO3â uptake in bivariate regression, and did improve prediction in a set of multiple regression models. Adding land use to the structural equation model showed that land use indirectly affected NO3â uptake lengths via directly increasing both gross primary production and NO3â concentration. Gross primary production shortened SWtot, while increasing NO3â lengthened SWtot resulting in no net effect of land use on NO3â removal
The bridge between social identity and community capital on the path to recovery and desistance
It has long been recognised that changes in social networks (and the underpinning changes in personal and social identity) are strong predictors of both desistance from crime and recovery from substance use. Building on existing work attempting to measure and shift social networks and transitions to prosocial groups, the current study provides pilot data from prisoners and family members about a visualisation technique widely used in specialist addiction treatment (node-link mapping) to map opportunities for linkage to prosocial groups and networks. The data presented in the paper are from a small-scale feasibility pilot. This suggests both bonding and bridging capital in prisoner populations due for release and the diversity of community capital opportunities that exists in this population. The implications of this work are significant for substance users and offenders pending return to the community, and has implications around resettlement and reintegration support for probation staff in prisons and in the community. The paper emphasises the importance of mapping connectedness as a key component of planning for reintegration back into the community for those working with offenders who are aspiring to achieve desistance and recovery
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