Atividades antioxidante e inibitória da acetil colinesterase do extrato das folhas de Hymenaea rubriflora / Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhbition activity from Hymenaea rubriflora Ducke (Fabaceae) leaf extract

Hymenaea rubriflora is an endemic and edible plant from tropical weather, especially present in Brazilian flora and have been reported as medicinal plant in ethnobotanical studies. There has been less previous evidence regarding its biological application, therefore, to overcome this problem the present work aimed to evaluate whether the metabolites of Hymenaea rubriflora host antioxidant and anti- acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. To investigate these activities a whole range of different approaches as phytochemical screening, lipidic peroxidation, DPPH scavenging and total antioxidant capacity, and acetylcholinesterase inhibition assay were used. The analysis found evidence for the presence of different secondary metabolites, among them: phenolic compounds (at 286.02 ± 1.75 GAE/mg.DW concentration), flavonoids ( at 23.19 ± 2.38 QE/mg.DW concentration), known as natural antioxidants and highlighted its effectiveness as AChE inhibitor, being able to inhibit AChE activity in 96% on 10 mg/mL. In this study we provide insights of H. rubriflora extract as an alternative antioxidant and AchE inhibitor agent, relevant to the context of neurological disorders and cognitive processes.

LIBERDADE ACADÊMICA EM TEMPOS DIFÍCEIS: DIÁLOGOS BRASIL E ESTADOS UNIDOS

This paper intends to discuss the academic freedom, its role and its possible limits and borders, from the paradigm of the Democratic Constitutional State, as configured in our constitutional text of October 1988. The discussion focuses on the relationship between the critical and investigative role expected of the Universities and of its members in relation to the so-called legislative proposals of the Escola Sem Partido movement. Hence, it explores if these proposals do not offend the constitutional freedom of professors, students, technicians and researchers, in addition to the higher education institutions themselves, when subjects that gravitate around their roles and responsibilities are taken into account. For this purpose, keeping in mind our own constitutional context, we decided to use Comparative Law, focusing on decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States that deal with the same issue addressed here. The analysis indicates that academic freedom has an essential and constitutionally recognized role in the Constitutional Democracy.O artigo busca trabalhar a liberdade acadêmica, seu papel e seus possíveis limites e fronteiras, a partir do paradigma do Estado Democrático de Direito, como configurado em nosso texto constitucional de outubro de 1988. O enfoque se dá na relação entre o papel crítico e investigativo esperado das Universidades e de seus membros, diante das chamadas propostas legislativas do movimento Escola Sem Partido. Isto é, perguntamos se estas propostas não ofenderiam a liberdade constitucional de professores, alunos, técnicos e pesquisadores, além das próprias instituições de ensino superior, quanto a assuntos que gravitam em torno de suas funções e responsabilidades. Para este fim, sem olvidarmos de nosso próprio contexto constitucional, decidimos dialogar com o direito comparado, principalmente com o cenário estadunidense e certas decisões da Suprema Corte dos Estados Unidos que lidam com a mesma temática aqui abordada. Conclui-se que a liberdade acadêmica tem um papel essencial, constitucionalmente reconhecido, no Estado Democrático de Direito.

<i>Syagrus coronata</i> fixed oil prevents rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>

One prominent aspect of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the presence of elevated levels of free radicals, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). Syagrus coronata (S. coronata), a palm tree, exhibits antioxidant activity attributed to its phytochemical composition, containing fatty acids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. The aim of this investigation was to examine the potential neuroprotective effects of S. coronata fixed oil against rotenone-induced toxicity using Drosophila melanogaster. Young Drosophila specimens (3–4 d old) were exposed to a diet supplemented with rotenone (50 µM) for 7 d with and without the inclusion of S. coronata fixed oil (0.2 mg/g diet). Data demonstrated that rotenone exposure resulted in significant locomotor impairment and increased mortality rates in flies. Further, rotenone administration reduced total thiol levels but elevated lipid peroxidation, iron (Fe) levels, and nitric oxide (NO) levels while decreasing the reduced capacity of mitochondria. Concomitant administration of S. coronata exhibited a protective effect against rotenone, as evidenced by a return to control levels of Fe, NO, and total thiols, lowered lipid peroxidation levels, reversed locomotor impairment, and enhanced % cell viability. Molecular docking of the oil lipidic components with antioxidant enzymes showed strong binding affinity to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) enzymes. Overall, treatment with S. coronata fixed oil was found to prevent rotenone-induced movement disorders and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster.</p