Quantization of graphene plasmons

In this article we perform the quantization of graphene plasmons using both a macroscopic approach, based on the classical expression for the average electromagnetic energy in a dielectric medium, and a quantum hydrodynamic model, in which graphene electrons are modeled as a charged fluid. Both models allow one to take into account the dispersion in the optical response, with the hydrodynamic model also allowing for the inclusion of the momentum dependence of the optical response (nonlocal effects). Using both methods, the electromagnetic field mode functions, and the respective frequencies, are determined for two different graphene structures. We show how to quantize graphene plasmons, considering that graphene is a dispersive medium, within the local and nonlocal descriptions. It is found that the dispersion of graphene's optical response leads to a nontrivial normalization condition for the mode functions. The obtained mode functions are then used to calculate the decay of an emitter, represented by a dipole, via the excitation of graphene surface plasmon polaritons. The obtained results are compared with the total spontaneous decay rate of the emitter and a near perfect match is found in the relevant spectral range. It is found that nonlocal effects in graphene's conductivity become relevant for the emission rate for small Fermi energies and small distances between the dipole and the graphene sheet.B.A.F. and N.M.R.P. acknowledge support from the European Commission through the project "Graphene-Driven Revolutions in ICT and Beyond" (Ref. No. 785219), and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Financing UID/FIS/04650/2013. Additionally, N.M.R.P. acknowledges COMPETE2020, PORTUGAL2020, FEDER, and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through Projects No. PTDC/FIS-NAN/3668/2013 and No. POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028114. B.A. acknowledges the hospitality of CeFEMA, where he was a visiting researcher during part of the time in which this work was developed, and financial support from Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through Project No. CEECIND/02936/2017

Floristic checklist from an Atlantic Forest vegetation mosaic in Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Tabatinga, Pernambuco, Brazil

A floristic inventory was made in the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Tabatinga to show the importance of small forest fragments for conservation of the biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest. The reserve protects a vegetation mosaic typical of coastal habitats in an area of ca. 20 ha, located in the northern part of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Samples of vascular plants were collected between January 2010 and November 2011, and altogether 329 species were recorded. These are classified in 230 genera and 79 families of angiosperms and two genera and two families of ferns. Among the species found, 28 are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, while others are rare and restricted to the Pernambuco Endemism Center. In addition, three threatened species were detected. The presence of endemic, rare, and threatened species, along with floristic patterns typical of coastal areas of Brazil, reinforce the importance of the area for the conservation

O enfermeiro e o impacto da COVID-19 no aumento da violência contra parceiro íntimo

The aim was to identify the relationship between Social Determinants of Health and the worsening of intimate partner violence during the pandemic. This is an integrative, descriptive review, carried out in SciELO and VHL databases, from September to October 2021. It made it possible to identify the scarcity of productions that address the role of nurses in reception. From eight selected studies, economic instability, unemployment, low income, and insecurities related to the contagion of COVID-19 are highlighted as the main factors generating tension within the family. It was also possible to identify behaviors such as alcohol consumption present in situations of violence and black women, with low education, who have more children, and who are financially dependent as the main risk groups for experiencing aggression in the marital context. It is worth mentioning that, as this is a topic intrinsic to taboos, fear, and lack of credibility concerning victims' complaints, much of the data obtained through research may have its results "camouflaged" by underreporting, impediments to complaints - such as threats to women, or even more aggression.Objetivou-se identificar a a relação dos Determinantes Sociais de Saúde com o agravamento da violência por parceiro íntimo na pandemia. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, de caráter descritivo, realizada na SciELO e bases da BVS, de setembro a outubro de 2021, que possibilitou identificar a escassez quanto a produções que abordem o papel do enfermeiro no acolhimento. A partir de oito estudos selecionados, aponta-se a instabilidade econômica, desemprego, baixa renda e inseguranças relacionadas ao contágio pela COVID-19 como principais fatores geradores de tensão no âmbito familiar. Ainda foi possível identificar comportamentos como o consumo de álcool presente nas situações de violência e mulheres negras, com baixa escolaridade, que possuem mais filhos e que sejam dependentes financeiramente como principais grupos de risco para vivenciar agressões no âmbito conjugal. Vale ressaltar que, por se tratar de um tema intrínseco a tabus, medo e falta de credibilidade em relação as denúncias das vítimas, muitos dados obtidos pelas pesquisas podem ter seus resultados “camuflados” por subnotificações, impedimentos quanto às denúncias – como ameaças à mulher, ou até mesmo mais agressões

Natural extracts into chitosan nanocarriers for rosmarinic acid drug delivery

Context: Nanotechnology can be applied to deliver and protect antioxidants in order to control the oxidative stress phenomena in several chronic pathologies. Chitosan (CS) nanoparticles are biodegradable carriers that may protect antioxidants with potent biological activity such as rosmarinic acid (RA) in Salvia officinalis (sage) and Satureja montana (savory) extracts for safe and innovative therapies. Objective: Development and characterization of CS nanoparticles as a stable and protective vehicle to deliver RA for medical applications using natural extracts as sage and savory. Materials and methods: Antioxidant-CS based nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP), at pH 5.8 with a mass ratio of 7:1 (CS:TPP), with a theoretical antioxidant-CS loading of 40-50%. The nanoparticles were then characterized by different methods such as photon correlation spectroscopy, laser Doppler anemometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), association efficiency, and antioxidant activity. Results and discussion: Individual and small sizing nanoparticles, around 300 nm, were obtained. SEM confirmed smooth and spherical nanoparticles after freeze-drying. No chemical interactions were found between antioxidants and CS, after encapsulation, by DSC and FTIR. The association efficiency was 51.2% for RA (with 40% loading) and 96.1 and 98.2% for sage and savory nanoparticles, respectively (both with 50% loading). Antioxidant activity values were higher than 0.0348 eq [Asc. Ac.] g/L/g extract and 0.4251 μmol/eq Trolox/g extract. Conclusion: The extracts under study are promising vehicles for RA drug delivery in CS nanocarriers.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Validation of a 3d camera system for cycling analysis

Background: Kinematic analysis aimed toward scientific investigation or professional purposes is commonly unaffordable and complex to use. Objective: The purpose of this study was to verify concurrent validation between a cycling-specific 3D camera and the gold-standard 3D general camera systems. Methods: Overall, 11 healthy amateur male triathletes were filmed riding their bicycles with Vicon 3D cameras and the Retul 3D cameras for bike fitting analysis simultaneously. All 18 kinematic measurements given by the bike fitting system were compared with the same data given by Vicon cameras through Pearson correlation (r), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error measurements (SEM), and Bland–Altman (BA) analysis. Confidence intervals of 95% are given. Results: A very high correlation between cameras was found on six of 18 measurements. All other presented a high correlation between cameras (between 0.7 and 0.9). In total, six variables indicate a SEM of less than one degree between systems. Only two variables indicate a SEM higher than two degrees between camera systems. Overall, four measures indicate bias tendency according to BA. Conclusions: The cycling-specific led-emitting 3D camera system tested revealed a high or very high degree of correlation with the gold-standard 3D camera system used in laboratory motion capture. In total, 14 measurements of this equipment could be used in sports medicine clinical practice and even by researchers of cycling studies

Estratégia de telemonitoramento frente à pandemia do SARS-CoV-2

The aim of this study is to identify whether, in the perception of the Academic Scholars of Nursing and Medicine, the practical knowledge that was the object of desire at the time of enrollment for the academic scholar 2020 was achieved, since due to the pandemic of COVID-19 there was a need for the Secretariat Municipal Health Department of Rio de Janeiro to implement a new internship model, in the Telemonitoring modality. Methodology: a descriptive study with a descriptive and exploratory qualitative and quantitative approach. The research was carried out with three Family Clinics of the Basic Health Network of the City of Rio de Janeiro and 11 Academic Nursing and Medicine Scholars participated in the research. Data collection took place between September and November 2020 through semi-structured interviews using online questionnaires, using the Bardin methodology where the organization, coding and categorization of the data was carried out. It became evident that the internship in the Telemonitoring modality does not meet the expectations of Scholarship Scholars, it is important to note that, of these 63.7% did not fulfill their entire internship period in this modality, being directed to their units after the relaxation of the policies of social distance to carry out the practical internship.O objetivo desse estudo é identificar se na percepção dos Acadêmicos Bolsistas de Enfermagem e Medicina o conhecimento prático que era objeto de desejo no momento de inscrição para o acadêmico bolsista 2020 foi atingido, já que devido a pandemia da COVID-19 houve a necessidade da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro de implementar um novo modelo de estágio, na modalidade de Telemonitoramento. Metodologia: estudo do tipo descritivo, com abordagem qualiquantitativa descritiva e exploratória. A pesquisa foi realizada com três Clínicas da Família da Rede Básica de Saúde da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro e participaram da pesquisa 11 Acadêmicos Bolsistas de Enfermagem e Medicina. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro e novembro de 2020 através de entrevistas semiestruturadas por meio de questionários on-line, utilizando a metodologia de Bardin onde foi realizada a organização, codificação e categorização dos dados. Evidenciou-se que o estágio na modalidade de Telemonitoramento não supre as expectativas dos Acadêmicos Bolsistas, sendo importante ressaltar que, destes 63,7% não cumpriram todo o seu período de estágio nesta modalidade, sendo direcionados as suas unidades após o relaxamento das políticas de distanciamento social para realização do estágio prático

Iniciação em pesquisa científica na enfermagem: a importância da monitoria

Main Objective: To implement scientific research monitoring in the undergraduate nursing course at Universidade Veiga de Almeida.Objetivo Geral: Implantar a monitoria de pesquisa científica no curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Veiga de Almeida

Iniciação em pesquisa científica na enfermagem: a importância da monitoria

Main Objective: To implement scientific research monitoring in the undergraduate nursing course at Universidade Veiga de Almeida.Objetivo Geral: Implantar a monitoria de pesquisa científica no curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Veiga de Almeida