IMPACT OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: EVIDENCES FROM THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature of service quality importance in restaurant industry. The study has been based upon the Servqual technique and Dineserv tool of improving the quality by the service providing organizations. The study is undertaken from the perspective of Pakistani Restaurant Industry and the customers' perceptions vis-à-vis restaurant dining. Two variables of Servqual, i.e. Tangibles and Responsiveness, have been examined to demonstrate the significance of service quality on customer satisfaction. The results endorse the importance of enhanced complementary service standards in restaurant industry. Finally, the findings provide an insight for the Pakistani restaurant service providing establishments and suggestion have been made for the caretakers of the industry on ways to improve service quality.marketing; restaurants; servqual; customer satisfaction

Feature Selection via Robust Weighted Score for High Dimensional Binary Class-Imbalanced Gene Expression Data

In this paper, a robust weighted score for unbalanced data (ROWSU) is proposed for selecting the most discriminative feature for high dimensional gene expression binary classification with class-imbalance problem. The method addresses one of the most challenging problems of highly skewed class distributions in gene expression datasets that adversely affect the performance of classification algorithms. First, the training dataset is balanced by synthetically generating data points from minority class observations. Second, a minimum subset of genes is selected using a greedy search approach. Third, a novel weighted robust score, where the weights are computed by support vectors, is introduced to obtain a refined set of genes. The highest-scoring genes based on this approach are combined with the minimum subset of genes selected by the greedy search approach to form the final set of genes. The novel method ensures the selection of the most discriminative genes, even in the presence of skewed class distribution, thus improving the performance of the classifiers. The performance of the proposed ROWSU method is evaluated on $6$ gene expression datasets. Classification accuracy and sensitivity are used as performance metrics to compare the proposed ROWSU algorithm with several other state-of-the-art methods. Boxplots and stability plots are also constructed for a better understanding of the results. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing feature selection procedures based on classification performance from k nearest neighbours (kNN) and random forest (RF) classifiers.Comment: 25 page

Investigating the Impact of Resilience on Learners’ Motivated Behavior of L2 and Proficiency in English of University Students at Karachi, Pakistan

This research article investigates the resilience and its various constituting factors and their subsequent relation with Motivated L2 Learning Behavior and English Proficiency among the first year students of two public sector universities of Pakistan. For this quantitative and variables oriented study 260 students were conveniently selected who participated in the study, out of which 152 and 108 were males and females respectively. For data collection of this quantitative study, a five point likert scale Questionnaire ranging from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree was employed. The questionnaire comprised 31 items which were further distributed in five dimensions of Resilience (Perceived Happiness, Empathy, Sociability, Persistence and Self Regulation) and Motivated L2 Learning Behaviour as 26 and 05 respectively in order to determine the students’ resilience and L2 Motivated Behaviour. Michigan English Language Assessment Battery (MELAB) test was also conducted in order to measure the English proficiency skills of the students. Moreover, the correlation among the independent and dependent variables and the impact of resilience factors on Motivated L2 Behaviour and English Proficiency was analyzed with the help of standard regression analysis.   The results revealed that the four dimensions of resilience significantly influenced Motivated L2 Learning Behaviour whereas; three factors of resilience affected English Proficiency as well. The study can help in understanding the concept of resilience and can be applied to other academic disciplines

Peanut Markets in the U.S., Canada, and Mexico: And Econometric Analysis

Agricultural Economic

DOES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INFLUENCE JOB STRESS AND TURNOVER OF EMPLOYEE IN PRIVATE COLLEGES OF PESHAWAR, KP-PAKISTAN?

The main aim of this research is to fill the gap by accomplish a realistic study in Private colleges of Peshawar-Pakistan, by knowing the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on job stress and turnover of employee. Adopted questionnaires were used and Data was collected from existing literature through extensive study. Data analysis was perform using SPSS. Corporate Social Responsibility, job stress and turnover have negative correlation. This study will give a base for planning out strategy for establishing corporate social Responsibility in Private Colleges of Peshawar for maintainable developments besides decreasing job stress level and employee turnover rate. There is less research done on corporate social Responsibility, job stress and turnover relation in educational sector particularly in private colleges of Peshawar, Pakistan

DOES CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INFLUENCE JOB STRESS AND TURNOVER OF EMPLOYEE IN PRIVATE COLLEGES OF PESHAWAR, KP-PAKISTAN?

The main aim of this research is to fill the gap by accomplish a realistic study in Private colleges of Peshawar-Pakistan, by knowing the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on job stress and turnover of employee. Adopted questionnaires were used and Data was collected from existing literature through extensive study. Data analysis was perform using SPSS. Corporate Social Responsibility, job stress and turnover have negative correlation. This study will give a base for planning out strategy for establishing corporate social Responsibility in Private Colleges of Peshawar for maintainable developments besides decreasing job stress level and employee turnover rate. There is less research done on corporate social Responsibility, job stress and turnover relation in educational sector particularly in private colleges of Peshawar, Pakistan

Rural Tourism, Income and Rapid Urbanization: Exploring the Nexus Using A MultiDisciplinary Approach for Hunza, Pakistan

Serving the purpose of an early warning, this paper provides a multi-disciplinary analysis of how thechanging dynamics of tourist arrivals can lead to rapid and unplanned urbanization. The improvements in infrastructureand communication systems under the aegis of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) in Gilgit-Baltistan have ledto exponential increase in tourists arrival in recent years. Does this increase lead to increase in incomes and spurring anunplanned and rapid urbanization? Hunza district is taken as a case study on the basis of evidence suggesting thataround 70 percent of total tourists Gilgit-Baltistan. To explore the relationship between tourists arrival and rapidurbanization, three types of data were used: survey data collected via questionnaires, secondary data from governmentsources, and Google images, Landsat-7 and Landsat-8 from remotely sensed data. Using cross-tabulations, this studysuggests that tourists arrival led to increase in incomes, which were then spent on building commercial infrastructure.To cross check these results, land use land change study using GIS mapping was conducted for the last ten yearsperiod. It shows that rapid and unplanned urbanization has profound social and environmental implications for Hunza,if not managed properly and timely

IMPACT OF SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: EVIDENCES FROM THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the literature of service qualityimportance in restaurant industry. The study has been based upon theServqual technique and Dineserv tool of improving the quality by the serviceproviding organizations. The study is undertaken from the perspective ofPakistani Restaurant Industry and the customers' perceptions vis-à-visrestaurant dining. Two variables of Servqual, i.e. Tangibles andResponsiveness, have been examined to demonstrate the significance ofservice quality on customer satisfaction. The results endorse the importanceof enhanced complementary service standards in restaurant industry. Finally,the findings provide an insight for the Pakistani restaurant service providingestablishments and suggestion have been made for the caretakers of theindustry on ways to improve service quality