Energy-efficient electronic health monitoring system with wireless body area networks

Recent evolution and technological advancement in wireless communications and micro­ electronics have enabled enhanced research trends toward wireless body area networks (WBANs). This emerging new field of research plays an important role in medical and healthcare services. An electronic health (eHealth) monitoring system is one of the major applications of WBANs that in addition to saving lives can provide cost-effective healthcare services by replacing the need for costly in-hospital monitoring with wearable or implanted monitoring systems that help early detection and prevention of any abnormal physiolog­ical activities that could risk the patients' lives. Such a system continuously monitors the patient 's vital signs and helps patients to involve in their routine activities of daily life without requiring intensive or specialized medical services all the time, thus creating significant enhancement in the standard of living. One of the key challenges that limit the widespread usage of eHealth solutions in practical healthcare facilities is the limited battery life of sensor nodes (SNs) that are needed to be replaced/ recharged manually once the energy is depleted. In most scenarios, battery replacement is not preferable, and it becomes highly unsuitable and impractical, especially when the SNs are implanted inside the human body. This limited battery capacity of SNs not only causes a performance bottleneck but is also likely to disrupt the future operations of SNs, which may cause a life hazard. Therefore, in order to have seamless and efficient implementation of an eHealth monitoring WBAN, improving the SNs' lifetime or energy efficiency (EE) is of paramount importance. [...

A Neural Network based Framework for Effective Laparoscopic Video Quality Assessment

Video quality assessment is a challenging problem having a critical significance in the context of medical imaging. For instance, in laparoscopic surgery, the acquired video data suffers from different kinds of distortion that not only hinder surgery performance but also affect the execution of subsequent tasks in surgical navigation and robotic surgeries. For this reason, we propose in this paper neural network-based approaches for distortion classification as well as quality prediction. More precisely, a Residual Network (ResNet) based approach is firstly developed for simultaneous ranking and classification task. Then, this architecture is extended to make it appropriate for the quality prediction task by using an additional Fully Connected Neural Network (FCNN). To train the overall architecture (ResNet and FCNN models), transfer learning and end-to-end learning approaches are investigated. Experimental results, carried out on a new laparoscopic video quality database, have shown the efficiency of the proposed methods compared to recent conventional and deep learning based approaches

Attitudes of Middle Eastern Societies towards Organ Donation: The Effect of Demographic Factors among Jordanian Adults

Background: Organ donation gives thousands of patients a renewed chance at living full and active lives. Unfortunately, the need for organs does not match their availability. This study aims to analyze the effect of demographic factors on the knowledge and awareness of the Jordanian society towards organ donation. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire. We included 1041 adult Jordanians from all the governorates of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Results: Of the 1041 participants, only 124 (11.9%) had previously singed organ donation card. Overall, 827 (79.4%) were fully accepting organ donation. Among 782 participants in the medical field, 639 (81.7%) fully accepted organ donation, compared to 188 out of 259 (72.6%) in the non-medical field (p= 0.002), with no significant effect of any demographic factor on the willingness to sign organ donation card. There was significant difference in the acceptance of donation from brain dead donors (p< 0.001), with participants from medical field and male participants having higher acceptance rates when compared with non-medical and female participants, respectively. The main barrier for organ donation was found to be the desire to be buried as a whole (58.2%), followed by traditional beliefs (47.4%), and family refusal (42.2%). Conclusions: In conclusion, an educational strategy can improve organ donation awareness from an early age by spreading actionable information through social media and conducting nationwide public campaigns

A dipole sub-array with reduced mutual coupling for large antenna array applications

The use of large array antennas in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) exploits diversity and reduces the overall transmission power making it a key enabling technology for 5G. Despite all the benefits, mutual coupling (MC) between elements in these array antennas is a concerning issue as it affects the antenna terminal impedance, reflection coefficients, etc. In this paper, a four-element printed dipole sub-array with reduced MC for S-band has been proposed. A balanced transmission line structure has been designed with two dipole arms on the opposite side of the substrate. Simulated and measured results are in good agreement making the design suitable for large array applications such as phased array radars. The proposed array exhibits good impedance matching with a reflection coefficient of -45 dB and resonating at the center frequency of 2.8 GHz. Moreover, isolation of -20 dB has been achieved for each element in a 2×2 planar array structure using out of band, parasitic elements, and planar shift by distributing the separation between the elements

Design and implementation of dual band microstrip patch antenna for WLAN energy harvesting system

Since the demand for self-sustained wireless systems is increasing, there is a trend towards RF energy harvesting. It is a key solution to energize the low power systems such as the Internet of Things (IoT) devices without replacing the batteries periodically. This paper presents the design and analysis of RF energy harvesting system that consists of dual-band microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, an impedance matching network, 4-stage voltage doubler and a storing circuit. The antenna is designed using ADS Agilent and sonnet suites software that provides a directivity of 5.5 dBi and 6.3 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz respectively. The measured results of the fabricated antenna are well agreement with the simulated results. Simulated results show that for an input received power of 10 mW, the proposed system can provide 4.5 mW power at the output of 4-stage voltage rectifier with an overall efficiency of 45%.TÜBİTAKPublisher versio

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION THROUGH MAGNETIC RESONANCE COUPLING

This work contains the formulation and implementation of the concept of transmission of electoral power wirelessly by using the principal of resonant coupling. In order to implement the idea of transmission of electrical power wirelessly, a power transmitter circuit on the sending side and a power receiver circuit on the receiving side has been designed. We used self-resonating Royer oscillator in the power transmitter circuit on the sending side. Both the power transmitter and power receiver circuits has been designed to operate at a similar frequency to accomplish the phenomenon of resonance on both sides. The common operating frequency is 1.2 MHz on both power transmitting and power receiving sides. Rectification and filtration circuits were also included in the power receiving circuitry to operate electrical appliances on the receiving side. Primarily, we charged the batteries of cell phone and emergency light of low wattage using this wirelessly transmitted received power. As our designed circuitry was of medium range, thus it worked efficiently within a range of 01 meter. The process of Wireless power transmission was not affected even when we placed a thick and opaque obstacle between the wireless power transmitter and wireless power receiver

Construction of a Small-Scale Vacuum Generation System and Using It as an Educational Device to Demonstrate Features of the Vacuum

We developed a vacuum generation system composed of a reciprocating compressor (3 tons of refrigeration) with an inverted-function that is ready to be hooked flexibly to a gas-tight container to create an evacuated enclosed atmosphere, without strict limitation of the size of that container. The evacuated container (or vacuum chamber) can serve in different purposes such as educational demonstration of the vacuum properties, extraction of perfumes from herbal resources, and preserving food. We tested the device and found it can reach a vacuum level of 26 inches of mercury in an environment with an atmospheric pressure of 28.5 inches of mercury. We compared the performance of our vacuum device to a rotary-vane vacuum pump of ¼ horsepowers and found that the vacuum pump reaches a set test vacuum level of 25 inches of mercury before the compressor. We then demonstrated experimentally some features of the vacuum using the inverted compressor or the vane vacuum pump. These experiments serve some topics in physics for school students as well as two core subjects of mechanical engineering, namely fluid mechanics and thermodynamics

Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia

Background: This study aimed to evaluate paranasal sinusitis disease and determine if there is a relationship between the anatomical variation of sinusitis based on the age and gender of the patient and, if so, to identify the most affected demographic group. Methods and Results: This study included 130 patients (76 men and 54 women with ages ranging from 18 years to 75 years) diagnosed with PNS disease and was conducted in the Radiology Department of King Abdelaziz Specialist Hospital and King Faisal Hospital (Taif city, Saudi Arabia) from January 1 2021 to January 31 2022. The evaluation of sinusitis was conducted using multidetector computed tomography. The clinical symptoms included 70% cases of nasal obstruction, 53% cases of headache, 28.5% cases of nasal discharge, 17.7% cases of facial pain, and 3.1% cases of general malaise. The types of sinusitis included maxillary sinusitis (88.5%), sphenoid sinusitis (28.5%), ethmoid sinusitis (43.8%), and frontal sinusitis (23.5%). The study found no significant anatomical variation of sinuses based on age and gender (P>0.05). Conclusion: An evaluation of paranasal sinusitis disease using an MDCT scan shows that there are no gender or age-related differences in the prevalence of the disease. Moreover, the study demonstrates that there is no significant anatomical variation of sinuses based on age and gender

[Corrigendum] Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia

Corrigendum for 'Evaluations of Paranasal Sinus Disease Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in Taif City, Saudi Arabia' by: Alotaibi O, Osman H, Hadi Y, Alzamil Y, Alyahyawi A, Al-Enezi MS, Alafer F, Abanomy A, Khandaker MU, Almeshari M. International Journal of Biomedicine 12(4): 575-579. DOI: 10.21103/Article12(4)_OA9 Following the publication of this article, the authors have realized that errors were made with the description of the listed affiliation addresses. Therefore, the author affiliations and addresses, in this paper should have appeared as follows: Osama Alotaibi1,2, Hamid Osman3, Yasser Hadi 4, Yasser Alzamil5, Amjad Alyahyawi5,6, Mamdouh S. Al-Enezi5, Feras Alafer7, Ahmad Abanomy8, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker9,10, and Meshari Almeshari5; 1Department of Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Radiology, King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital-Taif, Taif, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 2425, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), Makkah, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia. 6Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK 7Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia 8Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia 9Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia 10Department of General Educational Development, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Daffodil, International University, DIU Rd, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused