Association of SERPIND1 expression with grade, stage and presence of metastasis in breast cancer

71-82The role of SERPIND1 gene in the development of breast cancer is completely unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the expression of SERPIND1 in patients suffering from breast malignancies. Tumoural specimens and non-tumoural adjacent tissues were collected from 31 patients who were pathologically confirmed for breast cancer. Furthermore, 43 fasting venous blood samples were collected from the breast cancer patients as well as from the healthy volunteers as control group. The SERPIND1 mRNA expression levels were assessed using the q-RT PCR while the plasma levels of SERPIND1 protein were detected using ELISA. The SERPIND1 relative expression levels were compared with the clinicopathological factors. The expression of the SERPIND1 was significantly higher at both mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer patients compared to the control groups. Moreover, the relative expression of the SERPIND1 showed a significant positive correlation with cancer grade, stage and presence of metastasis (PSERPIND1 may be a metastasis-enhancer factor in breast cancer and a strong predictive marker for distinguishing patients with poor prognosis

Exploring the interplay between Fusobacterium nucleatum with the expression of microRNA, and inflammatory mediators in colorectal cancer

BackgroundFusobacterium nucleatum has been recognized as an important key bacterium in the cause and spread of colorectal carcinogenesis. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance of F. nucleatum in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its effect on immune factors and the tumor microenvironment have not been fully elucidated.Materials and methodsThe frequency of F. nucleatum was measured in 100 paired tumor and normal tissue specimens by TaqMan quantification Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The mRNA expression levels of cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-12β, IL-17, TNF-α, TLR-2, and TLR-4), and miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31) were examined. Eventually, any potential correlations between the molecular and clinicopathological features of the neoplastic samples and the abundance of F. nucleatum were analyzed.ResultsThe relative frequency of F. nucleatum was significantly increased in cancerous tissue compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. Furthermore, the high level of F. nucleatum was significantly associated with histological grade III and IV CRC tissues (P = 0.027 and P = 0.022, respectively) and perineural invasion-positive patients (P = 0.037). In addition, the expression levels of IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α,IL-12β, TLR-2, and TLR-4 as well as miR-21 and miR-31 showed a significant increase in the cancer group. A notable correlation was also observed between the high status of F. nucleatum and the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and miR-21.ConclusionOur results emphasize the importance of F. nucleatum and changes in the expression of genes involved in CRC. Studying the microbial profile and gene expression changes in CRC patients may be a promising approach to improve screening methods and provide therapeutic strategies

Evaluation of squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (tumor cells and peritumoral T-lymphocytes) and verrucous carcinoma and comparison with normal oral mucosa

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is used as a prognostic marker for recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma in various sites, including head and neck. Studies suggest that its high serum levels are correlated to some clinical features, such as nodal metastasis. However, it is still unknown if high SCCA in patients with SCCA tissue expression in tumor cells are related to peripheral T-lymphocytes. Therefore, we did this study to evaluate SCCA expression in squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma and to compare it with normal oral mucosa, also investigating the correlation between serum-based and tissue-based antigen levels. Methodology: In this study, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was used to determine the SCCA1 expression pattern in 81 specimens divided into 3 groups, including oral squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, and normal oral mucosa. Serum-based and tissue-based antigen levels of 20 oral squamous cell carcinoma cases were compared by the western blot assay. SCCA expression was also evaluated and compared in both tumor cells and peripheral T-lymphocytes by the immunofluorescence assay. Results: Our results showed that the SCCA levels in SCC specimens were significantly lower than in verrucous carcinoma and normal and hyperplastic oral mucosa specimens. We found no correlation between the IHC expression of SCCA and serum levels. SCCA was well expressed in both tumor cells and peripheral T-lymphocytes. Conclusion: Decreasing SCCA in SCC specimens suggested that SCC tumor cells may affect more than the serum levels of SCCA in some patients. In addition, expression of SCCA in peripheral T-lymphocytes showed that both tumor cells and T-lymphocytes may cause serum SCCA.&nbsp

Age related changes in clinicopathologic features of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Iranian patients: An epidemiologic study

Introduction: Clinicopathologic characteristics of oral Squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) affected by age, although it is controversial. In this study the differences in clinicopathological features of OSCC were compared between patients younger and older than 40 years' old. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study the histopathologic records of OSCC patients who underwent surgery in Cancer Institute of Iran during 2005-2015 were retrieved. The demographic and histopathologic features of patients in two groups of younger than 40 and older than 40 years old were recorded and descriptive analysis was used for statistical interpretation between groups. Results: The most cases of OSCC in both groups was registered in males with 14.3% and 85.7% of cases in younger and older than 40, retrospectively. Tongue was the most prevalent anatomic location of OSCC in both groups (39%). Based on clinicopathologic features, most prevalent pathologic degree of OSCC in younger aged patients was moderately differentiated OSCC (14.5%). In patients older than 40, well differentiated OSCC (87.7%) was more prevalent. Conclusion: Based on histopathologic features, the moderately differentiated and well differentiated OSCC were more in younger and older patients than 40, respectively. The finding suggests that OSCC has more malignant feature in young patients

Association between Adipokine and Myeloperoxidase Levels in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

The adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, have a prominent role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The inflammatory enzyme, myeloperoxidase (MPO) also has an important role in the pathogenesis of CAD. Association of the adipokines with MPO remains to be resolved in patients with CAD. In this case-control study, 100 patients with CAD and 100 control subjects were appropriately recruited. Angiographic evaluation assigned the presence of CAD. Plasma leptin, adiponectin and MPO concentrations were measured using immunoassay methods. Other conventional cardiovascular risk factors were also recorded. Leptin and MPO concentrations were significantly increased in CAD patients compared to control subjects (25.38 ± 5.91 ng/ml vs. 3.68 ± 1.95 ng/mL and 52.85 ± 12.90 ng/mL vs.  23.00 ± 3.60 ng/mL, P=0.001, respectively). In contrast, adiponectin was significantly decreased in CAD patients compared to control subjects (5.62 ± 1.15 µg/mL vs. 9.25 ± 1.8, P = 0.001). There was a strong positive association between leptin and MPO concentrations only in CAD patients (P = 0.01). In contrast, a significant inverse association was found between adiponectin and MPO concentrations in CAD patients (P = 0.01). The associations also were significant after adjustment for other conventional risk factors (P = 0.001). Considering the presence of significant association between leptin and MPO, as well as adiponectin and MPO in patients with CAD, it may be inferred that the contribution of the adipokines in the pathogenesis of CAD may be, in part, through affecting the MPO concentration

Relationship of fatty acids content of LDL particles with their electrical charges in patients with coronary artery disease

Background: Low density lipoprotein (LDL) particles have shown to be heterogeneous structures with distinctive electrical charges. Alteration in the fatty acids content of the LDL particles is known to affect their structural features, electrical charges, and ultimately physiologic properties and, in this way, may play a role in the pathology of coronary artery disease (CAD). On the basis of evidences, in the present study, the relationship of fatty acids content of LDL particles and their electrical charge was assessed in patients with CAD in comparison with control subjects. Methods: In the current case- control study, from subjects who referred to the Mostafa Khomeini Hospital in Ilam during a time period from December 2013 to October 2014, 40 CAD patients and 40 control subjects were selected based on the clinical and angiographic parameters. The fatty acids content and electrical charges of LDL particles were measured by using a gas chromatography system, equipped with a flame ionization detector GC-FID, Acme 6000 M (Young Lin Co., Korea) as well as a Zetasizer (Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK), respectively. Results: In the present study, CAD patients and control subjects were matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). The electrical charge amounts of LDL particles in the patients group was significantly lower than those in the control subjects (P= 0.0001). There was an inverse correlation between the electrical charge amounts of the LDL particles and the saturated fatty acids as well as linoleic acid contents of them in CAD patients group. However, we found a direct correlation between the unsaturated fatty acids (monounsaturated fatty acids and some of the polyunsaturated ones) content of the LDL particles and their electrical charge amounts (P= 0.02). Conclusion: Results of the present study demonstrated that the increased saturated fatty acids as well as the linoleic acid contents of the LDL particles are associated with decreased electrical charge amounts of these particles and this situation may engage in pathogenesis of CAD

Serum Paraoxonase 1 Activity Is Associated with Fatty Acid Composition of High Density Lipoprotein

Introduction. Cardioprotective effect of high density lipoprotein (HDL) is, in part, dependent on its related enzyme, paraoxonase 1 (PON1). Fatty acid composition of HDL could affect its size and structure. On the other hand, PON1 activity is directly related to the structure of HDL. This study was designed to investigate the association between serum PON1 activity and fatty acid composition of HDL in healthy men. Methods. One hundred and forty healthy men participated in this research. HDL was separated by sequential ultracentrifugation, and its fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography. PON1 activity was measured spectrophotometrically using paraxon as substrate. Results. Serum PON1 activity was directly correlated with the amount of stearic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). PON1/HDL-C was directly correlated with the amount of miristic acid, stearic acid, and DGLA and was inversely correlated with total amount of ω6 fatty acids of HDL. Conclusion. The fatty acid composition of HDL could affect the activity of its associated enzyme, PON1. As dietary fats are the major determinants of serum lipids and lipoprotein composition, consuming some special dietary fatty acids may improve the activity of PON1 and thereby have beneficial effects on health