The Design of Mechanisms for Gantry Crane Experimental Rig

This report discusses the background and current research done on the chosen topic, which is design of mechanisms for gantry crane experimental rig. The objective of the project is to come up with a design of mechanisms to drive the gantry cranes motions for an experimental crane rig. The scope of study focused on proposing a design of mechanism for the gantry crane designed for Mechanical Engineering Department of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS based on the limitation of the gantry frame dimension. Gantry cranes are widely used in shipping terminals to handle freight containers. Advances in controlling the crane load sway has been achieved by conducting experiments in laboratory. However, the problem is the Mechanical Department of Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS does not have the gantry crane test rig for experimental purpose. Technique that is going to be used is proposing design of mechanism for the gantry crane by performing analysis on the crane operations. Justification on fundamentals that determine the gantry frame structural rigidity and flexibility due to the load is also being studied. This technique integrates the critical parameters that affect the performance of the driving mechanisms of the gantry crane. The parameters are being identified and manipulated in order to achieve the best driving mechanism. AutoCAD and ANSYS will be used in modeling and analyzing the gantry crane test rig. A gantry crane test rig will be constructed to perform an experiment to test the validity of the model. An enhanced mechanism of gantry cranes operations is essential for further research work, especially on the development of an automatic crane controller

Life Cycle Assessment of Heat Recovery Steam Generator

Heat recovery steam generator in Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Gas District Cooling (UTP GDC) plant is used to generate steam to support the demand of steam needed by the steam absorption chiller (SAC). In this project, life cycle assessment was used as a method to calculate the energy used and saving of carbon dioxide emission by the heat recovery steam generator at UTP GDC plant. This project was carried out to develop the life cycle model of the heat recovery steam generator and to evaluate the saving of carbon dioxide emission especially during the operational phase. By using Microsoft Excel, a model was developed based on the gas and steam temperature profile of HRSG to quantify the saving of carbon dioxide emission. Based on life cycle energy use in the HRSG table, approximately 99.67% of the energy used comes from the operational phase. This means that the energy used and carbon dioxide emission during the construction phase (0.13%) and disposal and recycle phase (-0.01%) are negligible. Assumed that the pinch point and approach point was 20°F and 15°F respectively, the steam generated by the heat recovery steam generator was calculated for 25 years which is 2475830532.58 kg theoretically if the heat recovery steam generator use the full load of the exhaust heat from gas turbine which is 950°F. As for the saving of the carbon dioxide emission, the steam generated was converted to electricity per hour which is 166,477,296 kW and the theoretical amount of carbon dioxide saved by the HRSG was 68596969.82 kg of CO2e, while the actual amount of carbon dioxide saved by the HRSG was 4104556 kg CO2e. Even though the comparison is big but the amount of carbon dioxide saved by the HRSG with the actual data is still significant in reducing the amount of CO2 emission to the surroundings. This shows that the usage of HRSG in the plant not only increase the overall plant efficiency but it also helps to reduce the CO2 emission by the gas turbine to the surroundings

A Study on the Water Turbidity from Soil Erosion due to Rainfall under Different Percentage of Grass Cover.

Soil erosion due to runoff and rainfall has been quite common in slope areas where vegetation cover is limited. Over the past years there has been quite number of cases of soil erosion on the hill areas due to the unprotected cover. Eroded soil under the influence of runoff and rainfall has given its effect towards the water quality in terms of suspended solids and turbidity and towards the environment in the long run. This paper will focus on the study on the simulation of effects of the water quality due to the runoff and rainfall with the effects on the different percentage cover. This study will also discuss the results and the best practice to improve the water quality by vegetation covers. A full scale experimental works has been done by using the rainfall simulators to obtain the water sample. Each of the sample is been sent to the lab for analysis obtaining results. The studies shows that the grass cover plays an important role in reducing the water turbidity and different percentage of grass cover will significantly change the turbidity results. At the end of the studies, it has been suggested at what percentage of grass cover will be feasible to improve the water quality as well as considering the economic factor

Overview effect of biodiesel storage on properties and characteristics

Abstract. Biofuels based on vegetable oils offer the advantage being a sustainable and environmen-tally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum based fuel. The key issue in using vegetable oil-based fuels is oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on the degradation and much oxygen with comparing to diesel gas oil. This provides a critical review of current understanding of main factor in storage method which affecting the biodiesel properties and characteristics. In the quest for fulfill the industry specifications standard; the fuel should be stored in a clean, dry and dark environment. Water and sediment contamination are basically housekeep-ing issues for biodiesel. Degradation by oxidation yields products that may compromise fuel proper-ties, impair fuel quality and engine performance. The effect of storage method on the fuel properties and burning process in biodiesel fuel combustion will strongly affects the exhaust emissions

Occupational safety and health practice: a study at rubber manufacturing industry by using hirarc

Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) is a discipline with broad scope involving many specialized fields. The definition of safety is the state of being ‘safe’, condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types of consequences of failure, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other events which can be considered non-desirable. Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity. Engineers play their roles at workstations to ensure the safety and health of each staff is in good conditions with proper ergonomic condition. This study conducted occupational safety and health act study at Kenny Leather (M) Sdn Bhd. The site visit, observation and interview session were conducted. The objective of this study is to identify the current or potential hazard that might be occurred in the factory. This study also providing the suitable solution and precaution step towards the zero hazard for the factory for reducing the possible accidents or injuries. Some of the suggestion that has collected through data collected was carried out through site visit using Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) and HIRARC form by interviewing several workers. As a result, this study gave recommendations to the company in order to practice the safe and no harm work practice and gives priority to the safety first

Discussion of the technology and research in fuel injectors common rail system

Common rail is one of the most important components in a diesel and gasoline direct injection system. It features a high-pressure (100 bar) fuel rail feeding solenoid valves, as opposed to a low-pressure fuel pump feeding unit injectors. Third-generation common rail diesels now feature piezoelectric injectors for increased precision, with fuel pressures up to 2,500 bar. The purpose of this review paper is to investigate the technology and research in fuel injectors common rail system. This review paper focuses on component of common rail injection system, pioneer of common rail injection, characteristics of common rail injection system, method to reduce smoke and NOx emission simultaneously and impact of common rail injection system. Based on our research, it can be concluded that common rail injection gives many benefit such as good for the engine performance, safe to use, and for to reduce the emission of the vehicle. Fuel injection common rail system is the modern technology that must be developed. Nowadays, our earth is polluting by vehicle output such as smoke. If the common rail system is developed, it can reduce the pollution and keep our atmosphere clean and safe

The Performance Of User Verification Using Two Fingerprint Based On Error Rate

Biometric technology, especially fingerprint, attract users around the world to use it to secure their places or properties. On the current implementation of fingerprint based person verification, the system face several problems such as noisy finger and fingerprint misplacement by the user. When the problem only effected a small part of fingerprint, it is solved or minimized on the image processing and pattern recognition phase. But, when the problem involves a larger part of fingerprint, another approach needs to be used. To solve or minimize this kind of problem, the approach uses two fingerprints on the verification process have been experimented on this research. By not only referring to the thumbs which are usually used, the potential of the other fingerprint have been studied to find the two best fingerprints as used in this process. Using several simple methods to classify the decisions from both fingerprints; the best classifier have been used to study the performance level of the system compared to the current system used in single fingerprint. In this study, total error rate has been used as an indicator to the performance level of the system. Although the problems have not been totally solved, but the total error rates for fingerprint verification system has been minimized by using this approach

Analisis Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi di MA Muhammadiyah Nangahure

This study aims to find out how students' learning motivation in economics subjects at MA Muhammadiyah Nangahure. This is motivated by the low learning motivation of students in economics subjects which can be seen from the symptoms: There are still students who do not complete assignments given by the teacher, students who do not pay attention to the teacher when explaining subject matter, and students who do not dare to express opinions . This type of research is descriptive qualitative and the subjects are students and teachers. The object of this study was the learning motivation of the students and the informants consisted of 3 students as the main informants and 1 economics teacher as an additional informant. Data collection techniques in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique is descriptive statistical analysis of the presentation. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the learning motivation of students in economics subjects at MA Muhammadiyah Nangahure is already relatively high and overall the average learning motivation of students in economics subjects at MA Muhammadiyah Nangahure is at a high level of motivation but still when viewed from each -Each student himself is still not motivated in learning economics

Effect of storage temperature and storage duration on biodiesel properties and characteristics

Biodiesel based on vegetable oils offer the advantage being a sustainable and environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum based fuel. Biodiesel is produced from any fat or oil such as soybean oil, through a refinery process called transesterification. The key issue in using vegetable oil-based fuels is oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on the degradation and much oxygen with comparing to diesel gas oil. Biodiesel can be used as a pure fuel or blended with petroleum in any percentage but the standard storage and handling procedures used for biodiesel are the main issue due to the biodiesel fuel specifications. In the quest for fulfill the industry specifications standard; the fuel should be stored in a clean, dry and dark environment. In this research, three different storage temperature were study which are; low (0 – 5 °C), ambient, and high (40 – 50 °C). The key parameters that are required to store biodiesel are discussed, and the recent research advances are noted. Five types of biodiesel after storage all the samples for 2016 hours were tested plus with two product of combustion. Images analysis for combustion process was used to image appearances analysis. Under 2016 hours of storage duration, the effect of degradation was happen although the effect is not significance because the changes are still in acceptable ranges

Studying the Emotional Intelligence and Emotion Regulation Skills in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Introduction: Several Studies have shown that the clinical symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) include an emotional dysregulation and deficits in emotional intelligence. Present study aimed to study emotional intelligence and emotion regulation skills in adults with ADHD. Methods: Participants were 40 newly diagnosed adults with ADHD (65% female, 35% male, mean age 27.5 years, ranged from 19 to 43 years old). Symptoms were assessed using Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales. The control group included 40 subjects who were selected using convenient sampling method. Both groups completed the 36-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the 90-item Persian version of Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i). Data were analyzed using MANOVA. Results: Findings showed that clinical group differed significantly from control subjects with respect to their overall emotion regulation skills and emotional intelligence scores (p<0.01). Conclusions: Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder had more difficulties in emotion regulation and more deficits in emotional intelligence compared to normal subjects. Declaration of Interest: None