Review of accounting and economic standards in predicting stock returns in Tehran stock exchange

Share return is one of those complicated abstraction which is interested by investors and decision makers the share return prediction is a vital issue which has involved the financial analyzers mind to itself. Various theories include capital assets pricing model (CAPM), factorial models (FM), Arbitrage model, Technical model (TM), and fundamental analyses (FA) for purpose of share return prediction and recognition have been discussed. The share return fundamental analyze is a function of massive economical condition, Industry position, and particular conditions of the firm. The particular conditions of the firm are consist of financial position and performance which presented in the essential financial statement from. The accounting science acclaims it prepares useful information for decision makers, so one of the information usefulness criteria of accounting and economical information usefulness through return share choice for prediction. Communication creation between economical and accounting criteria is the other goal, thus in the case of this result obtaining it can use of economical and accounting analyses for economical return and value extraction. The research location zone includes of accepted firms in Tehran exchange market, the temporality zone is the gap between 1386 and 1390, too. The research is consist of two independent varieties (economical criteria and accounting criteria), dependent variety (share return). This research is consisting of a direct hypothesis and 6 indirect ones. in the consideration of presented statistical analyses and total summery of research hypothesis assessment, stood over research independent varieties meaningful relation with share return prediction in existing firm performance measurement in Tehran capital exchange market during 2007 and 2011 is existed, between this research proportion is return of assets, earning per share, economical add value ratio, retained earning ratio with positive quantity market add value with negative quantity which statistically shows a meaningful relation with active firms share return in Tehran market. The economical add value ratio has the biggest relation with the share return prediction. So the first hypothesis in this research is (return of assets ratio), secondly (earning per share), thirdly (economical add value), fourthly (market add value) and sixthly (retained earnings) being emphasized

Ahmed Glaucoma Valve with Adjunctive Amniotic Membrane for Refractory Glaucoma

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV) implantation with adjunctive use of preserved amniotic membrane for surgical management of refractory glaucoma. Methods: Seven patients (5 female subjects) with refractory glaucoma were included in the study. An AGV (model FP7) was implanted in the usual manner and was covered with two layers of cryopreserved human amniotic membrane. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications before and after surgery, and complications were evaluated. Results: Mean duration of follow-up was 16.8±4.6 months. Mean preoperative IOP was 31.7±4.4 mmHg which was reduced to 17.7±6.1 mmHg at final follow-up (P=0.01, Wilcoxon U test). Although the number of topical medications was also reduced (mean decrease of 0.85 drops), this decrease was not significant (P=0.10, Wilcoxon U test). None of the eyes developed encapsulation after surgery; only one case was complicated by posterior migration of the implant resulting in failure. Conclusion: Glaucoma shunt surgery using the AGV with adjunctive amniotic membrane seems to be a safe and effective procedure which may reduce the risk of bleb encapsulation in refractory glaucomas

Cataract surgery in eyes with filtered primary angle closure glaucoma.

PurposeTo evaluate the effect of cataract surgery on intraocular pressure (IOP) in filtered eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG).MethodsIn this prospective interventional case series, 37 previously filtered eyes from 37 PACG patients with mean age of 62.1±10.4 years were consecutively enrolled. All patients had visually significant cataracts and phacoemulsification was performed at least 12 months after trabeculectomy. Visual acuity, IOP and the number of glaucoma medications were recorded preoperatively, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anterior chamber (AC) depth was measured preoperatively and 3 months after cataract surgery with A-scan ultrasonography. The main outcome measure was IOP at 12 months.ResultsIOP was decreased significantly from 18.16±5.91 mmHg at baseline to 15.37±2.90 mmHg at final follow-up (P<0.01). The mean number of glaucoma medications was significantly decreased from 1.81±0.24 to 0.86±1.00 (P=0.001) at 1 year postoperatively. At final follow up, 36 (97.2%) eyes and 32 (86.4%) eyes had IOP≤21 and IOP≤18 mmHg, respectively; 14 (37.8%) eyes and 9 (24.3%) eyes had IOP≤21 and IOP≤18 mmHg without medications, respectively. The magnitude of IOP reduction was correlated with higher preoperative IOP (r=0.85, P<0.001), shallower preoperative AC depth (r=-0.38, P=0.01) and greater changes in AC depth (r=-0.39, P=0.01).ConclusionCataract surgery reduces IOP and the number of glaucoma medications in previously filtered PACG eyes. This reduction seems to be greater in patients with higher preoperative IOP and shallower anterior chambers

Fitness Landscape of Antibiotic Tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Bacteria in biofilms have higher antibiotic tolerance than their planktonic counterparts. A major outstanding question is the degree to which the biofilm-specific cellular state and its constituent genetic determinants contribute to this hyper-tolerant phenotype. Here, we used genome-wide functional profiling of a complex, heterogeneous mutant population of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MPAO1 in biofilm and planktonic growth conditions with and without tobramycin to systematically quantify the contribution of each locus to antibiotic tolerance under these two states. We identified large sets of mutations that contribute to antibiotic tolerance predominantly in the biofilm or planktonic setting only, offering global insights into the differences and similarities between biofilm and planktonic antibiotic tolerance. Our mixed population-based experimental design recapitulated the complexity of natural biofilms and, unlike previous studies, revealed clinically observed behaviors including the emergence of quorum sensing-deficient mutants. Our study revealed a substantial contribution of the cellular state to the antibiotic tolerance of biofilms, providing a rational foundation for the development of novel therapeutics against P. aeruginosa biofilm-associated infections

Topical latanoprost does not cause macular thickening after uncomplicated cataract surgery.

PurposeTo explore changes in central macular thickness (CMT) after a two-month period of glaucoma therapy with topical latanoprost after uneventful phacoemulsification.MethodsForty-one eyes of 31 patients with primary open angle or pseudoexfoliative glaucoma who required glaucoma medications after cataract surgery were prospectively enrolled. All eyes had undergone uneventful phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation at least 4 months before initiation of latanoprost. After a complete ophthalmic examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed at baseline before starting latanoprost. All eyes received latanoprost for 2 months, and clinical examinations were repeated one and two months afterwards; OCT and FA were repeated after 2 months. Outcome measures were CMT and loss of more than 2 lines of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA).ResultsMean patient age was 71.6±7.8 years. Intraocular pressure decreased from 21.5±3.4 mmHg to 14.4±2.6 mmHg (p<0.001) at 2 months. None of the eyes developed reduction of BCVA exceeding 2 lines, or angiographic cystoid macular edema (CME). Likewise no significant change was noted in CMT (249.9±29.8 vs 248.8±30.7µm), average macular thickness (274.5±15.0 vs 273.8±17.0µm), or macular volume (9.6±1.0 vs 9.6±1.1µm2) after treatment as compared to baseline (P>0.05 for all comparisons).ConclusionTopical use of latanoprost later than 4 months after uncomplicated cataract surgery does not seem to predispose to increased macular thickness or CME and may safely be used in this setting

The relationship of dietary content of fiber and macronutrients with impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in first-degree relatives of type II diabetic patients

زمینه و هدف: با توجه به نقش رژیم غذایی و عادات غلط تغذیه ای در افزایش خطر بروز دیابت نوع II و شناخته شدن زمینه ژنتیکی در افراد بالای 35 سال به عنوان یک عامل خطر برای آن، این مطالعه با هدف تعیین وضعیت مصرف درشت مغذی‌ها و فیبر در الگوی غذایی فامیل درجه یک بیماران دیابتی نوع II به انجام رسیده است. روش مطالعه: 210 نفر از افراد فامیل درجه یک بیماران دیابتی نوع II، بر مبنای نتایجOGTT (Oral glucose tolerance test)، به دو دسته مختل (‌دیابتی+Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)، 56 نفر و سالم 154 نفر تقسیم بندی گردیدند. سپس پرسشنامه مصرف سه روزه غذایی از این دو گروه دریافت و میزان انرژی، کربوهیدراتهای کمپلکس و تصفیه شده، چربیهای اشباع و غیر اشباع، پروتئین و فیبر غذایی به صورت روزانه تا سه روز محاسبه و نتایج مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج: میانگین سن و نمایه توده بدنی (BMI) در دو گروه مختل و سالم به ترتیب 2/5±9/48 و 7/6±6/43 سال و 7/0±3/29 و 8/0±7/28 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع بود. میانگین انرژی همچنین درصد کربو هیدرات، پروتئین، چربی و فیبر دریافتی در دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری نداشت. میزان مصرف روغن مایع در گروه مختل کمتر از گروه سالم بود (01/0

The effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy for the control of weight and fasting blood sugar in the type 2 diabetic patients

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: با وجودی که نقش تغذیه درمانی در اداره دیابت از ابتدا مورد توجه قرار گرفته ولی کارآیی آن در دراز مدت کمتر مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. بر همین اساس، این مطالعه به منظور تعیین کارآیی دراز مدت تغذیه درمانی در کنترل بیماران دیابتی نوع 2 صورت گرفته است. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه مداخله ای قبل و بعد 163 بیمار دیابتی نوع 2 که تازه تشخیص داده شده بودند مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ابتدا بیماران توسط کارشناس تغذیه ویزیت و ضمن تنظیم یک رژیم غذایی مناسب، آموزش های لازم در زمینه کالری ترکیبات غذایی، مقدار غذا، میان وعده و زمان غذا خوردن بر پایه کیفیت و عادات زندگی، وضعیت زندگی و وزن بیمار به آنها ارائه گردید. پس از یک ماه بیماران مجدداً توسط کارشناس تغذیه ویزیت و چگونگی کنترل شاخص ها، رژیم غذایی و چگونگی رعایت آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پی‌گیری شاخص‌ها (وزن، قندخون، هموگلوبین گلیکوزیله) در فواصل 3 ماهه، 6 ماهه و یکساله انجام شد و نتایج با استفاده از آزمون آماری آنالیز واریانس مشاهدات تکرار شونده (Repeated Measures, ANOVA) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته ها: میانگین سن بیماران مراجعه ‌کننده 3/9±2/51 سال بود. بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه در ابتدای مطالعه و سه ماه بعد از آن به ترتیب میزان قند خون 5/52±1/144 و 2/43±119 میلی گرم بر دسی لیتر (001/0

Accurate proteome-wide protein quantification from high-resolution 15N mass spectra

In quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics, the metabolic incorporation of a single source of 15N-labeled nitrogen has many advantages over using stable isotope-labeled amino acids. However, the lack of a robust computational framework for analyzing the resulting spectra has impeded wide use of this approach. We have addressed this challenge by introducing a new computational methodology for analyzing 15N spectra in which quantification is integrated with identification. Application of this method to an Escherichia coli growth transition reveals significant improvement in quantification accuracy over previous methods