Is cancer prevention influenced by the built environment? A multidisciplinary scoping review

This is the accepted version of the following article: Wray AJD, Minaker LM. Is cancer prevention influenced by the built environment? A multidisciplinary scoping review. Cancer. 2019 Jul 9, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.32376. This article may be used for non- commercial purposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-Archiving Policy.Background: The built environment is a significant determinant of human health. Globally, the growing prevalence of preventable cancers suggests a need to understand how features of the built environment shape exposure to cancer development and distribution within a population. Methods: We undertook a scoping review of how researchers across disparate fields understand and discuss the built environment in primary and secondary cancer prevention. We focused exclusively on peer-reviewed sources published from research conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from 1990 to 2017. Results: The review captured 9958 potential results in the academic literature. We scoped this body of results to 268 relevant peer-reviewed journal articles indexed across 14 subject databases. Spatial proximity, transportation, land use and housing are well understood features of the built environment that shape cancer risk. Conclusions: Built environment features predominantly influence air quality, substance use, diet, physical activity and screening adherence, with impacts on breast, lung, colorectal, and overall cancer risk. The majority of evidence fails to provide direct recommendations for advancing cancer prevention policy and program objectives for municipalities. The expansion of interdisciplinary work in this area would serve to create significant population health impact.Canadian Cancer Society, Grant #704744 || University of Waterloo, Undergraduate Research Initiativ

Expressway interchanges /

Caption titleBibliography: leaves 24-25.Photocopy (positive).Mode of access: Internet

Action for cities, a guide for community planning,

Includes bibliographies.Mode of access: Internet

Probabilistic seismic demand model for pounding risk assessment

Earthquake-induced pounding of adjacent structures can cause severe structural damage, and advanced probabilistic approaches are needed to obtain a reliable estimate of the risk of impact. This study aims to develop an efficient and accurate probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM) for pounding risk assessment between adjacent buildings, which is suitable for use within modern performance-based engineering frameworks. In developing a PSDM, different choices can be made regarding the intensity measures (IMs) to be used, the record selection, the analysis technique applied for estimating the system response at increasing IM levels, and the model to be employed for describing the response statistics given the IM. In the present paper, some of these choices are analyzed and evaluated first by performing an extensive parametric study for the adjacent buildings modeled as linear single-degree-of-freedom systems, and successively by considering more complex nonlinear multi-degree-of-freedom building models. An efficient and accurate PSDM is defined using advanced intensity measures and a bilinear regression model for the response samples obtained by cloud analysis. The results of the study demonstrate that the proposed PSDM allows accurate estimates of the risk of pounding to be obtained while limiting the number of simulations required