Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 3

This paper represents the third contribution in the Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) series. The series provides morphological descriptions, information about the pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms for the treated genera, as well as primary and secondary DNA barcodes for the currently accepted species included in these. This third paper in the GOPHY series treats 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi and their relatives including: Allophoma, Alternaria, Brunneosphaerella, Elsinoe, Exserohilum, Neosetophoma, Neostagonospora, Nothophoma, Parastagonospora, Phaeosphaeriopsis, Pleiocarpon, Pyrenophora, Ramichloridium, Seifertia, Seiridium, Septoriella, Setophoma, Stagonosporopsis, Stemphylium, Tubakia and Zasmidium. This study includes three new genera, 42 new species, 23 new combinations, four new names, and three typifications of older names

Re-Evaluation of British Museum Radiocarbon Dates Issued Between 1980 and 1984

Dates issued by the British Museum radiocarbon laboratory between 1980 and 1984 are known to have been in error. This paper outlines the cause of the problem and the procedures adopted to revise the results affected. Where revision has been possible, on average this has given dates older by 200 to 300 radiocarbon years. The individual revised results are tabulated.This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries.The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202

Preliminary Statement on an Error in British Museum Radiocarbon Dates

This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries.The Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202

Week 96 results of a phase 3 trial of darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in treatment-naive HIV-1 patients

BACKGROUND: Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/C/F/TAF) 800/150/200/10 mg was investigated through 96 weeks in AMBER (NCT02431247). METHODS: Treatment-naive, HIV-1-positive adults [screening plasma viral load ≥1000 copies/ml; CD4 cell count >50 cells/μl) were randomized (1 : 1) to D/C/F/TAF (N = 362) or D/C plus emtricitabine/tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate (F/TDF) (N = 363) over at least 48 weeks. After week 48, patients could continue on or switch to D/C/F/TAF in an open-label extension phase until week 96. RESULTS: At week 96, D/C/F/TAF exposure was 626 patient-years (D/C/F/TAF arm) and 109 patient-years (control arm post switch), week 96 virologic suppression (viral load <50 copies/ml; FDA-Snapshot, from baseline) was 85.1% (308/362) (D/C/F/TAF) and 83.7% (304/363) (control). Week 96 virologic failure (viral load ≥50 copies/ml; FDA-Snapshot) was 5.5% (20/362) and 4.4% (16/363), respectively. No darunavir, primary protease inhibitor or tenofovir resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) were observed post baseline. In one patient in each arm, an M184I and/or V RAM was detected. Few adverse event-related discontinuations (3% D/C/F/TAF; <1% control post switch) and no deaths occurred on D/C/F/TAF. Improved renal and bone parameters were maintained in the D/C/F/TAF arm and observed in the control arm post switch. Increases in total-cholesterol/high-density-lipoprotein--cholesterol rtio at week 96 were +0.25 versus baseline (D/C/F/TAF) and +0.24 versus switch (control). CONCLUSION: At week 96, D/C/F/TAF resulted in high virologic response and low virologic failure rates, with no resistance development to darunavir or TAF/TDF. Bone, renal and lipid safety were consistent with known D/C/F/TAF component profiles. Control arm safety post switch was consistent with the D/C/F/TAF arm. AMBER week 96 results confirm the efficacy, high barrier to resistance and bone/renal safety benefits of D/C/F/TAF for treatment-naive patients

Radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin

Very small samples from the Shroud of Turin have been dated by accelerator mass spectrometry in laboratories at Arizona, Oxford and Zurich. As controls, three samples whose ages had been determined independently were also dated. The results provide conclusive evidence that the linen of the Shroud of Turin is mediaeval. © 1989 Nature Publishing Group