MoS2 and MoS2 Nanocomposites for Adsorption and Photodegradation of Water Pollutants: A Review

The need for fresh and conveniently treated water has become a major concern in recent years. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanomaterials are attracting attention in various fields, such as energy, hydrogen production, and water decontamination. This review provides an overview of the recent developments in MoS2-based nanomaterials for water treatment via adsorption and photodegradation. Primary attention is given to the structure, properties, and major methods for the synthesis and modification of MoS2, aiming for efficient water-contaminant removal. The combination of MoS2 with other components results in nanocomposites that can be separated easily or that present enhanced adsorptive and photocatalytic properties. The performance of these materials in the adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic contaminants, such as dyes and drugs, is reviewed. The review also summarizes current progress in the photocatalytic degradation of various water pollutants, using MoS2-based nanomaterials under UV-VIS light irradiation. MoS2-based materials showed good activity after several reuse cycles and in real water scenarios. Regarding the ecotoxicity of the MoS2, the number of studies is still limited, and more work is needed to effectively evaluate the risks of using this nanomaterial in water treatment.publishe

A Medição de Recém-Nascidos numa Maternidade Portuguesa. Sugestão de um Modelo de Neonatómetro

Com o propósito de dar um contributo para uma avaliação mais exacta do comprimento dos recém-nascidos da Maternidade do Hospital de Dona Estefânia, procedeu-se à comparação entre o método habitualmente realizado neste local e outro que foi considerado mais correcto pelos autores. Neste último participaram sempre dois observadores e foi testado um modelo de neonatómetro construído com materiais considerados acessíveis. As diferenças entre os dois métodos, na medição de 76 recém-nascidos, traduziram-se por um valor médio de 0,53 cm (p < 0,001), tendo sido superiores os valores registados com a metodologia proposta. Com base nos resultados obtidos, salienta-se a necessidade da colaboração sistemática de dois observadores para a avaliação do comprimento do recém- -nascido e a vantagem da utilização do neonatómetro em relação à tradicional craveira

Influence of estimated training status on anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure in middle-aged and older women

The purpose of this study was to compare the association between anti and pro-oxidant activity, nitrite concentration, and blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and older women with different levels of estimated training status (TS). The sample consisted of 155 females (50-84 years) who were submitted to a physical examination to evaluate estimated TS through the "Functional Fitness Battery Test," BP measurements, and plasma blood samples to evaluate pro-oxidant and antioxidant activity and nitrite concentrations. Participants were separated by age into a middle-aged group (< 65 years) and an older (≥65 years) group and then subdivided in each group according to TS. Blood biochemistry was similar between groups. On the other hand, protein oxidation was lower in participants with higher TS, independent of age. Older females with higher TS presented higher nitrite concentrations, lower lipoperoxidation, and lower values of BP compared with those with lower TS. Lower GPx activity was observed in participants with higher TS compared with middle-aged with lower TS. Thus, our results suggest that good levels of TS may be associated with lower oxidative stress and higher nitrite concentration and may contribute to maintain normal or reduced blood pressure values.Fil: Jacomini, André M.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Dias, Danielle da Silva. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Brito, Janaina de Oliveira. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: da Silva, Roberta F.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Monteiro, Henrique L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Llesuy, Susana Francisca. Universidade Nove de Julho; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad Medicina. Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular; ArgentinaFil: De Angelis, Kátia. Universidade Nove de Julho; BrasilFil: Amaral, Sandra L.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Zago, Anderson S.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasi

Melhor Suporte Nutricional — «Melhor» Composição Corporal? Uma Análise em Recém-Nascidos de Baixo Peso

Objectivo: Avaliar o impacto de diferentes estratégias de suporte nutricional na composição corporal de recém-nascidos de baixo peso (RNBP), por intermédio não só do peso, mas também das áreas muscular braquial (AMB) e adiposa braquial (AAB). Indivíduos e métodos: Comparou-se a média do dia de recuperação do peso, da AMB e da AAB entre dois grupos de RNBP assistidos em períodos distintos, com suportes nutricionais diferentes — grupo I (n=10): 1991 versus grupo II (n=24): 1995/96. Os recém-nascidos foram incluidos de modo consecutivo e avaliados prospectivamente sob o ponto de vista antropométrico. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas da média das idades gestacionais e dos pesos de nascimento entre os dois grupos. Os recém-nascidos do grupo II, comparativamente com os do grupo I, receberam provisões mais precoces de energia, lípidos e proteínas através da alimentação parentérica. Não se observaram diferenças significativas no dia de recuperação do peso e da AMB entre os grupos. No entanto, os RN do grupo II recuperaram mais precocemente a AAB (dia 6,9 ± 2,5 vs dia 12,6 ± 5,1) (p<0,01), após um período inicial de declínio dos respectivos valores. Conclusões: O atraso na adequada provisão de energia e proteínas pode ter um impacto negativo na reserva lipídica, não detectada pela observação isolada da evolução ponderai. A medição das áreas braquiais representa um método simples e não invasivo de avaliação indirecta da composição corporal dos RNBP

Upper Arm Anthropometry Is Not a Valid Predictor of Regional Body Composition in Preterm Infants

Background: Upper arm anthropometry has been used in the nutritional assessment of small infants, but it has not yet been validated as a predictor of regional body composition in this population. Objective: Validation of measured and derived upper arm anthropometry as a predictor of arm fat and fat-free compartments in preterm infants. Methods: Upper arm anthropometry, including the upper arm cross-sectional areas, was compared individually or in combination with other anthropometric measurements, with the cross-sectional arm areas measured by magnetic resonance imaging, in a cohort of consecutive preterm appropriate-for-gestationalage neonates, just before discharge. Results: Thirty infants born with (mean 8 SD) a gestational age of 30.7 8 1.9 weeks and birth weight of 1,380 8 325 g, were assessed at 35.4 8 1.1 weeks of corrected gestational age, weighing 1,785 8 93 g. None of the anthropometric measurements are reliable predictors (r 2 ! 0.56) of the measurements obtained by magnetic resonance imaging, individually or in combination with other anthropometric measurements. Conclusion: Both measured anthropometry and derived upper arm anthropometry are inaccurate predictors of regional body composition in preterm appropriate-for-gestational-age infants

Role-separating ordering in social dilemmas controlled by topological frustration

"Three is a crowd" is an old proverb that applies as much to social interactions, as it does to frustrated configurations in statistical physics models. Accordingly, social relations within a triangle deserve special attention. With this motivation, we explore the impact of topological frustration on the evolutionary dynamics of the snowdrift game on a triangular lattice. This topology provides an irreconcilable frustration, which prevents anti-coordination of competing strategies that would be needed for an optimal outcome of the game. By using different strategy updating protocols, we observe complex spatial patterns in dependence on payoff values that are reminiscent to a honeycomb-like organization, which helps to minimize the negative consequence of the topological frustration. We relate the emergence of these patterns to the microscopic dynamics of the evolutionary process, both by means of mean-field approximations and Monte Carlo simulations. For comparison, we also consider the same evolutionary dynamics on the square lattice, where of course the topological frustration is absent. However, with the deletion of diagonal links of the triangular lattice, we can gradually bridge the gap to the square lattice. Interestingly, in this case the level of cooperation in the system is a direct indicator of the level of topological frustration, thus providing a method to determine frustration levels in an arbitrary interaction network.Comment: 9 two-column pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review

Fatores de risco, na fase de crescimento-terminação, associados a ocorrência de linfadenite em suínos.

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