1,563 research outputs found

    The exclusivity principle forbids sets of correlations larger than the quantum set

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    We show that the exclusivity (E) principle singles out the set of quantum correlations associated to any exclusivity graph assuming the set of quantum correlations for the complementary graph. Moreover, we prove that, for self-complementary graphs, the E principle, by itself (i.e., without further assumptions), excludes any set of correlations strictly larger than the quantum set. Finally, we prove that, for vertex-transitive graphs, the E principle singles out the maximum value for the quantum correlations assuming only the quantum maximum for the complementary graph. This opens the door for testing the impossibility of higher-than-quantum correlations in experiments.Comment: REVTeX4, 4 pages, one new result (Result 2) and two new authors, title changed accordingl

    Noncontextual wirings

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    Contextuality is a fundamental feature of quantum theory and is necessary for quantum computation and communication. Serious steps have therefore been taken towards a formal framework for contextuality as an operational resource. However, the most important component for a resource theory - a concrete, explicit form for the free operations of contextuality - was still missing. Here we provide such a component by introducing noncontextual wirings: a physically-motivated class of contextuality-free operations with a friendly parametrization. We characterize them completely for the general case of black-box measurement devices with arbitrarily many inputs and outputs. As applications, we show that the relative entropy of contextuality is a contextuality monotone and that maximally contextual boxes that serve as contextuality bits exist for a broad class of scenarios. Our results complete a unified resource-theoretic framework for contextuality and Bell nonlocality

    Brazilian teachers' beliefs about technologies in a training program in Portugal

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    Teachers’ beliefs regarding technologies are configured as a decisive component within the school context, since they interfere directly in the adoption of rejection of devices. This way, the objective was to identify the main beliefs held by Chemistry teachers who take part in continuous training in an international cooperation between Brazil and Portugal regarding the insertion of technologies in the school daily routine. The aim was the Teacher Professional Development Program that took place at Portugal. The individuals are Chemistry teachers (n=25) from all Brazilian macroregions, including immersion follow-up at the schools (n=5). The methodological procedures employed for data gathering were questionnaires, interviews and observations in both training in Portugal and in Brazilian schools. Data analysis was carried out through the use of content analysis assisted by the Nvivo software. The results point towards Chemistry teacher beliefs regarding the benefits and inconveniences from the use of technologies within their daily schooling contexts. The Chemistry teachers point out the benefits from the use of technologies in the classroom, but the inconveniences appear as decisive hurdles for them not to be used. Thus, the understanding of teacher's beliefs regarding government actions is essential for the application or financial resources and the didactic-pedagogical advancements in the use of technologies

    Pontos a considerar quanto ao uso do software IRAMUTEQ na análise de dados qualitativos

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    World cultural patterns: inequities in higher education and affirmative action in Brazil

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    Este artículo discute la reciente introducción de cuotas para minoridadesétnicas en las Universidades de Brasil bajo una perspectiva teórica diferente. En Brasil fueron adoptadas recientemente las políticas destinadas a disminuir las disparidades existentes en la participación a la educación superior por parte de los brasileros descendientes de africanos. Sin embargo la categoría minoría étnica es una categoríaque para la auto percepción de los brasileros resulta poco clara, lo que provoca que dicha política tenga muchas desventajas para apoyar el acceso a la educación en particular y combatir la exclusión social en general, clase o raza. Considerando una directriz teórica relacionada a la globalización en general y particularmente a la teoría neo-institucional de world polity , el artículo sugiere considerar la adopción de las acciones afirmativas en las Universidades de Brasil como ejemplo del proceso de difusión de ideas y conceptos globales o world cultural para lo nivel nacional. Como muestra la breve discusión de la implementación de las políticas afirmativas, questiones estructurales son tratadas solo marginalmente.This contribution discusses the introduction of quotas for ethnic minorities in Brazilian universities under a rather different theoretical perspective. In Brazil these policies have been recently adopted as a means of diminishing the disparities in higher education entrance for Brazilians of African descent. Since the category ethnic minority seems at odds with the Brazilian self-perception, these policies have triggered an interesting controversy over what categories to use when tackling disadvantages in access to education in particular and social exclusion in general, e. g. class or race. In line with globalization theory in general and particularly with the neoinstitutionalistworld polity-research this article suggests to view Brazil s adoption of affirmativeaction in university entrance processes as one instance of the diffusion of global orworld cultural ideas and concepts to the national level. As the brief discussion of the implementation shows structural issues are only partly addressed in Brazil

    Topology-aware GPU scheduling for learning workloads in cloud environments

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    Recent advances in hardware, such as systems with multiple GPUs and their availability in the cloud, are enabling deep learning in various domains including health care, autonomous vehicles, and Internet of Things. Multi-GPU systems exhibit complex connectivity among GPUs and between GPUs and CPUs. Workload schedulers must consider hardware topology and workload communication requirements in order to allocate CPU and GPU resources for optimal execution time and improved utilization in shared cloud environments. This paper presents a new topology-aware workload placement strategy to schedule deep learning jobs on multi-GPU systems. The placement strategy is evaluated with a prototype on a Power8 machine with Tesla P100 cards, showing speedups of up to ≈1.30x compared to state-of-the-art strategies; the proposed algorithm achieves this result by allocating GPUs that satisfy workload requirements while preventing interference. Additionally, a large-scale simulation shows that the proposed strategy provides higher resource utilization and performance in cloud systems.This project is supported by the IBM/BSC Technology Center for Supercomputing collaboration agreement. It has also received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 639595). It is also partially supported by the Ministry of Economy of Spain under contract TIN2015-65316-P and Generalitat de Catalunya under contract 2014SGR1051, by the ICREA Academia program, and by the BSC-CNS Severo Ochoa program (SEV-2015-0493). We thank our IBM Research colleagues Alaa Youssef and Asser Tantawi for the valuable discussions. We also thank SC17 committee member Blair Bethwaite of Monash University for his constructive feedback on the earlier drafts of this paper.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
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