1,563 research outputs found
The exclusivity principle forbids sets of correlations larger than the quantum set
We show that the exclusivity (E) principle singles out the set of quantum
correlations associated to any exclusivity graph assuming the set of quantum
correlations for the complementary graph. Moreover, we prove that, for
self-complementary graphs, the E principle, by itself (i.e., without further
assumptions), excludes any set of correlations strictly larger than the quantum
set. Finally, we prove that, for vertex-transitive graphs, the E principle
singles out the maximum value for the quantum correlations assuming only the
quantum maximum for the complementary graph. This opens the door for testing
the impossibility of higher-than-quantum correlations in experiments.Comment: REVTeX4, 4 pages, one new result (Result 2) and two new authors,
title changed accordingl
Noncontextual wirings
Contextuality is a fundamental feature of quantum theory and is necessary for
quantum computation and communication. Serious steps have therefore been taken
towards a formal framework for contextuality as an operational resource.
However, the most important component for a resource theory - a concrete,
explicit form for the free operations of contextuality - was still missing.
Here we provide such a component by introducing noncontextual wirings: a
physically-motivated class of contextuality-free operations with a friendly
parametrization. We characterize them completely for the general case of
black-box measurement devices with arbitrarily many inputs and outputs. As
applications, we show that the relative entropy of contextuality is a
contextuality monotone and that maximally contextual boxes that serve as
contextuality bits exist for a broad class of scenarios. Our results complete a
unified resource-theoretic framework for contextuality and Bell nonlocality
Brazilian teachers' beliefs about technologies in a training program in Portugal
Teachers’ beliefs regarding technologies are configured as a decisive component within the school context, since they interfere directly in the adoption of rejection of devices. This way, the objective was to identify the main beliefs held by Chemistry teachers who take part in continuous training in an international cooperation between Brazil and Portugal regarding the insertion of technologies in the school daily routine. The aim was the Teacher Professional Development Program that took place at Portugal. The individuals are Chemistry teachers (n=25) from all Brazilian macroregions, including immersion follow-up at the schools (n=5). The methodological procedures employed for data gathering were questionnaires, interviews and observations in both training in Portugal and in Brazilian schools. Data analysis was carried out through the use of content analysis assisted by the Nvivo software. The results point towards Chemistry teacher beliefs regarding the benefits and inconveniences from the use of technologies within their daily schooling contexts. The Chemistry teachers point out the benefits from the use of technologies in the classroom, but the inconveniences appear as decisive hurdles for them not to be used. Thus, the understanding of teacher's beliefs regarding government actions is essential for the application or financial resources and the didactic-pedagogical advancements in the use of technologies
World cultural patterns: inequities in higher education and affirmative action in Brazil
Este artÃculo discute la reciente introducción de cuotas para minoridadesétnicas en las Universidades de Brasil bajo una perspectiva teórica diferente. En Brasil fueron adoptadas recientemente las polÃticas destinadas a disminuir las disparidades existentes en la participación a la educación superior por parte de los brasileros descendientes de africanos. Sin embargo la categorÃa minorÃa étnica es una categorÃaque para la auto percepción de los brasileros resulta poco clara, lo que provoca que dicha polÃtica tenga muchas desventajas para apoyar el acceso a la educación en particular y combatir la exclusión social en general, clase o raza. Considerando una directriz teórica relacionada a la globalización en general y particularmente a la teorÃa neo-institucional de world polity , el artÃculo sugiere considerar la adopción de las acciones afirmativas en las Universidades de Brasil como ejemplo del proceso de difusión de ideas y conceptos globales o world cultural para lo nivel nacional. Como muestra la breve discusión de la implementación de las polÃticas afirmativas, questiones estructurales son tratadas solo marginalmente.This contribution discusses the introduction of quotas for ethnic minorities in Brazilian universities under a rather different theoretical perspective. In Brazil these policies have been recently adopted as a means of diminishing the disparities in higher education entrance for Brazilians of African descent. Since the category ethnic minority seems at odds with the Brazilian self-perception, these policies have triggered an interesting controversy over what categories to use when tackling disadvantages in access to education in particular and social exclusion in general, e. g. class or race. In line with globalization theory in general and particularly with the neoinstitutionalistworld polity-research this article suggests to view Brazil s adoption of affirmativeaction in university entrance processes as one instance of the diffusion of global orworld cultural ideas and concepts to the national level. As the brief discussion of the implementation shows structural issues are only partly addressed in Brazil
Topology-aware GPU scheduling for learning workloads in cloud environments
Recent advances in hardware, such as systems with multiple GPUs and their availability in the cloud, are enabling deep learning in various domains including health care, autonomous vehicles, and Internet of Things. Multi-GPU systems exhibit complex connectivity among GPUs and between GPUs and CPUs. Workload schedulers must consider hardware topology and workload communication requirements in order to allocate CPU and GPU resources for optimal execution time and improved utilization in shared cloud environments.
This paper presents a new topology-aware workload placement strategy to schedule deep learning jobs on multi-GPU systems. The placement strategy is evaluated with a prototype on a Power8 machine with Tesla P100 cards, showing speedups of up to ≈1.30x compared to state-of-the-art strategies; the proposed algorithm achieves this result by allocating GPUs that satisfy workload requirements while preventing interference. Additionally, a large-scale simulation shows that the proposed strategy provides higher resource utilization and performance in cloud systems.This project is supported by the IBM/BSC Technology Center for Supercomputing
collaboration agreement. It has also received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon
2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 639595). It is
also partially supported by the Ministry of Economy of Spain under contract
TIN2015-65316-P and Generalitat de Catalunya under contract 2014SGR1051,
by the ICREA Academia program, and by the BSC-CNS Severo Ochoa program
(SEV-2015-0493). We thank our IBM Research colleagues Alaa Youssef
and Asser Tantawi for the valuable discussions. We also thank SC17 committee
member Blair Bethwaite of Monash University for his constructive feedback on the earlier drafts of this paper.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
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